7.5 KiB
Class EventDispatcher reference
Table Of Contents
Description
EventDispatcher is something like std::map<EventType, CallbackList>.
EventDispatcher holds a map of <EventType, CallbackList> pairs. On dispatching, EventDispatcher finds the CallbackList of the event type, then invoke the callback list. The invocation is always synchronous. The listeners are triggered when EventDispatcher::dispatch is called.
API reference
Header
eventpp/eventdispatcher.h
Template parameters
template <
typename Event,
typename Prototype,
typename Policies = DefaultPolicies
>
class EventDispatcher;
Event: the event type. The type used to identify the event. Events with same type are the same event. The event type must be able to be used as the key in std::map or std::unordered_map, so it must be either comparable with operator < or has specialization of std::hash.
Prototype: the listener prototype. It's C++ function type such as void(int, std::string, const MyClass *).
Policies: the policies to configure and extend the dispatcher. The default value is DefaultPolicies. See document of policies for details.
Public types
Handle: the handle type returned by appendListener, prependListener and insertListener. A handle can be used to insert a listener or remove a listener. To check if a Handle is empty, convert it to boolean, false is empty. Handle is copyable.
Callback: the callback storage type.
Event: the event type.
Member functions
constructors
EventDispatcher();
EventDispatcher(const EventDispatcher & other);
EventDispatcher(EventDispatcher && other) noexcept;
EventDispatcher & operator = (const EventDispatcher & other);
EventDispatcher & operator = (EventDispatcher && other) noexcept;
void swap(EventDispatcher & other) noexcept;
EventDispatcher can be copied, moved, assigned, move assigned, and swapped.
appendListener
Handle appendListener(const Event & event, const Callback & callback);
Add the callback to the dispatcher to listen to event.
The listener is added to the end of the listener list.
Return a handle which represents the listener. The handle can be used to remove this listener or insert other listener before this listener.
If appendListener is called in another listener during a dispatching, the new listener is guaranteed not triggered during the same dispatching.
If the same callback is added twice, it results duplicated listeners.
The time complexity is O(1) plus time to look up the event in internal map.
prependListener
Handle prependListener(const Event & event, const Callback & callback);
Add the callback to the dispatcher to listen to event.
The listener is added to the beginning of the listener list.
Return a handle which represents the listener. The handle can be used to remove this listener or insert other listener before this listener.
If prependListener is called in another listener during a dispatching, the new listener is guaranteed not triggered during the same dispatching.
The time complexity is O(1) plus time to look up the event in internal map.
insertListener
Handle insertListener(const Event & event, const Callback & callback, const Handle before);
Insert the callback to the dispatcher to listen to event before the listener handle before. If before is not found, callback is added at the end of the listener list.
Return a handle which represents the listener. The handle can be used to remove this listener or insert other listener before this listener.
If insertListener is called in another listener during a dispatching, the new listener is guaranteed not triggered during the same dispatching.
The time complexity is O(1) plus time to look up the event in internal map.
removeListener
bool removeListener(const Event & event, const Handle handle);
Remove the listener handle which listens to event from the dispatcher.
Return true if the listener is removed successfully, false if the listener is not found.
The time complexity is O(1) plus time to look up the event in internal map.
hasAnyListener
bool hasAnyListener(const Event & event) const;
Return true if there is any listener for event, false if there is no listener.
Note: in multi threading, this function returning true doesn't guarantee there is any listener. The list may immediately become empty after the function returns true, and vice versa.
The time complexity is O(1) plus time to look up the event in internal map.
forEach
template <typename Func>
void forEach(const Event & event, Func && func);
Apply func to all listeners of event.
The func can be one of the two prototypes:
AnyReturnType func(const EventDispatcher::Handle &, const EventDispatcher::Callback &);
AnyReturnType func(const EventDispatcher::Callback &);
Note: the func can remove any listeners, or add other listeners, safely.
forEachIf
template <typename Func>
bool forEachIf(const Event & event, Func && func);
Apply func to all listeners of event. func must return a boolean value, and if the return value is false, forEachIf stops the looping immediately.
Return true if all listeners are invoked, or event is not found, false if func returns false.
dispatch
void dispatch(Args ...args);
template <typename T>
void dispatch(T && first, Args ...args);
Dispatch an event. The event type is deducted from the arguments of dispatch.
In both overloads, the listeners are called with arguments args.
The function is synchronous. The listeners are called in the thread same as the caller of dispatch.
The two overloaded functions have similar but slightly difference. How to use them depends on the ArgumentPassingMode policy. Please reference the document of policies for more information.
Nested listener safety
- If a listener adds another listener of the same event to the dispatcher during a dispatching, the new listener is guaranteed not to be triggered within the same dispatching. This is guaranteed by an unsigned 64 bits integer counter. This rule will be broken is the counter is overflowed to zero in a dispatching, but this rule will continue working on the subsequence dispatching.
- Any listeners that are removed during a dispatching are guaranteed not triggered.
- All above points are not true in multiple threading. That's to say, if one thread is invoking a callback list, the other thread add or remove a callback, the added or removed callback may be triggered during the invoking.
Time complexities
The time complexities being discussed here is about when operating on the listener in the underlying list, and n is the number of listeners. It doesn't include the event searching in the underlying std::map which is always O(log n).
appendListener: O(1)prependListener: O(1)insertListener: O(1)removeListener: O(1)
Internal data structure
EventDispatcher uses CallbackList to manage the listener callbacks.