init repo.

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tqcq
2024-12-19 13:14:37 +08:00
commit 7d7845acb5
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/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Copyright (c) 2018-2021, Microsoft Research, Daan Leijen
This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
terms of the MIT license. A copy of the license can be found in the file
"LICENSE" at the root of this distribution.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "mimalloc.h"
#include "mimalloc/internal.h"
#include "mimalloc/prim.h" // mi_prim_get_default_heap
#include <string.h> // memset
// ------------------------------------------------------
// Aligned Allocation
// ------------------------------------------------------
static bool mi_malloc_is_naturally_aligned( size_t size, size_t alignment ) {
// objects up to `MI_MAX_ALIGN_GUARANTEE` are allocated aligned to their size (see `segment.c:_mi_segment_page_start`).
mi_assert_internal(_mi_is_power_of_two(alignment) && (alignment > 0));
if (alignment > size) return false;
if (alignment <= MI_MAX_ALIGN_SIZE) return true;
const size_t bsize = mi_good_size(size);
return (bsize <= MI_MAX_ALIGN_GUARANTEE && (bsize & (alignment-1)) == 0);
}
#if MI_GUARDED
static mi_decl_restrict void* mi_heap_malloc_guarded_aligned(mi_heap_t* heap, size_t size, size_t alignment, bool zero) mi_attr_noexcept {
// use over allocation for guarded blocksl
mi_assert_internal(alignment > 0 && alignment < MI_BLOCK_ALIGNMENT_MAX);
const size_t oversize = size + alignment - 1;
void* base = _mi_heap_malloc_guarded(heap, oversize, zero);
void* p = mi_align_up_ptr(base, alignment);
mi_track_align(base, p, (uint8_t*)p - (uint8_t*)base, size);
mi_assert_internal(mi_usable_size(p) >= size);
mi_assert_internal(_mi_is_aligned(p, alignment));
return p;
}
static void* mi_heap_malloc_zero_no_guarded(mi_heap_t* heap, size_t size, bool zero) {
const size_t rate = heap->guarded_sample_rate;
// only write if `rate!=0` so we don't write to the constant `_mi_heap_empty`
if (rate != 0) { heap->guarded_sample_rate = 0; }
void* p = _mi_heap_malloc_zero(heap, size, zero);
if (rate != 0) { heap->guarded_sample_rate = rate; }
return p;
}
#else
static void* mi_heap_malloc_zero_no_guarded(mi_heap_t* heap, size_t size, bool zero) {
return _mi_heap_malloc_zero(heap, size, zero);
}
#endif
// Fallback aligned allocation that over-allocates -- split out for better codegen
static mi_decl_noinline void* mi_heap_malloc_zero_aligned_at_overalloc(mi_heap_t* const heap, const size_t size, const size_t alignment, const size_t offset, const bool zero) mi_attr_noexcept
{
mi_assert_internal(size <= (MI_MAX_ALLOC_SIZE - MI_PADDING_SIZE));
mi_assert_internal(alignment != 0 && _mi_is_power_of_two(alignment));
void* p;
size_t oversize;
if mi_unlikely(alignment > MI_BLOCK_ALIGNMENT_MAX) {
// use OS allocation for very large alignment and allocate inside a huge page (dedicated segment with 1 page)
// This can support alignments >= MI_SEGMENT_SIZE by ensuring the object can be aligned at a point in the
// first (and single) page such that the segment info is `MI_SEGMENT_SIZE` bytes before it (so it can be found by aligning the pointer down)
if mi_unlikely(offset != 0) {
// todo: cannot support offset alignment for very large alignments yet
#if MI_DEBUG > 0
_mi_error_message(EOVERFLOW, "aligned allocation with a very large alignment cannot be used with an alignment offset (size %zu, alignment %zu, offset %zu)\n", size, alignment, offset);
#endif
return NULL;
}
oversize = (size <= MI_SMALL_SIZE_MAX ? MI_SMALL_SIZE_MAX + 1 /* ensure we use generic malloc path */ : size);
// note: no guarded as alignment > 0
p = _mi_heap_malloc_zero_ex(heap, oversize, false, alignment); // the page block size should be large enough to align in the single huge page block
// zero afterwards as only the area from the aligned_p may be committed!
if (p == NULL) return NULL;
}
else {
// otherwise over-allocate
oversize = size + alignment - 1;
p = mi_heap_malloc_zero_no_guarded(heap, oversize, zero);
if (p == NULL) return NULL;
}
mi_page_t* page = _mi_ptr_page(p);
// .. and align within the allocation
const uintptr_t align_mask = alignment - 1; // for any x, `(x & align_mask) == (x % alignment)`
const uintptr_t poffset = ((uintptr_t)p + offset) & align_mask;
const uintptr_t adjust = (poffset == 0 ? 0 : alignment - poffset);
mi_assert_internal(adjust < alignment);
void* aligned_p = (void*)((uintptr_t)p + adjust);
if (aligned_p != p) {
mi_page_set_has_aligned(page, true);
#if MI_GUARDED
// set tag to aligned so mi_usable_size works with guard pages
if (adjust >= sizeof(mi_block_t)) {
mi_block_t* const block = (mi_block_t*)p;
block->next = MI_BLOCK_TAG_ALIGNED;
}
#endif
_mi_padding_shrink(page, (mi_block_t*)p, adjust + size);
}
// todo: expand padding if overallocated ?
mi_assert_internal(mi_page_usable_block_size(page) >= adjust + size);
mi_assert_internal(((uintptr_t)aligned_p + offset) % alignment == 0);
mi_assert_internal(mi_usable_size(aligned_p)>=size);
mi_assert_internal(mi_usable_size(p) == mi_usable_size(aligned_p)+adjust);
#if MI_DEBUG > 1
mi_page_t* const apage = _mi_ptr_page(aligned_p);
void* unalign_p = _mi_page_ptr_unalign(apage, aligned_p);
mi_assert_internal(p == unalign_p);
#endif
// now zero the block if needed
if (alignment > MI_BLOCK_ALIGNMENT_MAX) {
// for the tracker, on huge aligned allocations only from the start of the large block is defined
mi_track_mem_undefined(aligned_p, size);
if (zero) {
_mi_memzero_aligned(aligned_p, mi_usable_size(aligned_p));
}
}
if (p != aligned_p) {
mi_track_align(p,aligned_p,adjust,mi_usable_size(aligned_p));
#if MI_GUARDED
mi_track_mem_defined(p, sizeof(mi_block_t));
#endif
}
return aligned_p;
}
// Generic primitive aligned allocation -- split out for better codegen
static mi_decl_noinline void* mi_heap_malloc_zero_aligned_at_generic(mi_heap_t* const heap, const size_t size, const size_t alignment, const size_t offset, const bool zero) mi_attr_noexcept
{
mi_assert_internal(alignment != 0 && _mi_is_power_of_two(alignment));
// we don't allocate more than MI_MAX_ALLOC_SIZE (see <https://sourceware.org/ml/libc-announce/2019/msg00001.html>)
if mi_unlikely(size > (MI_MAX_ALLOC_SIZE - MI_PADDING_SIZE)) {
#if MI_DEBUG > 0
_mi_error_message(EOVERFLOW, "aligned allocation request is too large (size %zu, alignment %zu)\n", size, alignment);
#endif
return NULL;
}
// use regular allocation if it is guaranteed to fit the alignment constraints.
// this is important to try as the fast path in `mi_heap_malloc_zero_aligned` only works when there exist
// a page with the right block size, and if we always use the over-alloc fallback that would never happen.
if (offset == 0 && mi_malloc_is_naturally_aligned(size,alignment)) {
void* p = mi_heap_malloc_zero_no_guarded(heap, size, zero);
mi_assert_internal(p == NULL || ((uintptr_t)p % alignment) == 0);
const bool is_aligned_or_null = (((uintptr_t)p) & (alignment-1))==0;
if mi_likely(is_aligned_or_null) {
return p;
}
else {
// this should never happen if the `mi_malloc_is_naturally_aligned` check is correct..
mi_assert(false);
mi_free(p);
}
}
// fall back to over-allocation
return mi_heap_malloc_zero_aligned_at_overalloc(heap,size,alignment,offset,zero);
}
// Primitive aligned allocation
static void* mi_heap_malloc_zero_aligned_at(mi_heap_t* const heap, const size_t size, const size_t alignment, const size_t offset, const bool zero) mi_attr_noexcept
{
// note: we don't require `size > offset`, we just guarantee that the address at offset is aligned regardless of the allocated size.
if mi_unlikely(alignment == 0 || !_mi_is_power_of_two(alignment)) { // require power-of-two (see <https://en.cppreference.com/w/c/memory/aligned_alloc>)
#if MI_DEBUG > 0
_mi_error_message(EOVERFLOW, "aligned allocation requires the alignment to be a power-of-two (size %zu, alignment %zu)\n", size, alignment);
#endif
return NULL;
}
#if MI_GUARDED
if (offset==0 && alignment < MI_BLOCK_ALIGNMENT_MAX && mi_heap_malloc_use_guarded(heap,size)) {
return mi_heap_malloc_guarded_aligned(heap, size, alignment, zero);
}
#endif
// try first if there happens to be a small block available with just the right alignment
if mi_likely(size <= MI_SMALL_SIZE_MAX && alignment <= size) {
const uintptr_t align_mask = alignment-1; // for any x, `(x & align_mask) == (x % alignment)`
const size_t padsize = size + MI_PADDING_SIZE;
mi_page_t* page = _mi_heap_get_free_small_page(heap, padsize);
if mi_likely(page->free != NULL) {
const bool is_aligned = (((uintptr_t)page->free + offset) & align_mask)==0;
if mi_likely(is_aligned)
{
#if MI_STAT>1
mi_heap_stat_increase(heap, malloc, size);
#endif
void* p = (zero ? _mi_page_malloc_zeroed(heap,page,padsize) : _mi_page_malloc(heap,page,padsize)); // call specific page malloc for better codegen
mi_assert_internal(p != NULL);
mi_assert_internal(((uintptr_t)p + offset) % alignment == 0);
mi_track_malloc(p,size,zero);
return p;
}
}
}
// fallback to generic aligned allocation
return mi_heap_malloc_zero_aligned_at_generic(heap, size, alignment, offset, zero);
}
// ------------------------------------------------------
// Optimized mi_heap_malloc_aligned / mi_malloc_aligned
// ------------------------------------------------------
mi_decl_nodiscard mi_decl_restrict void* mi_heap_malloc_aligned_at(mi_heap_t* heap, size_t size, size_t alignment, size_t offset) mi_attr_noexcept {
return mi_heap_malloc_zero_aligned_at(heap, size, alignment, offset, false);
}
mi_decl_nodiscard mi_decl_restrict void* mi_heap_malloc_aligned(mi_heap_t* heap, size_t size, size_t alignment) mi_attr_noexcept {
return mi_heap_malloc_aligned_at(heap, size, alignment, 0);
}
// ------------------------------------------------------
// Aligned Allocation
// ------------------------------------------------------
mi_decl_nodiscard mi_decl_restrict void* mi_heap_zalloc_aligned_at(mi_heap_t* heap, size_t size, size_t alignment, size_t offset) mi_attr_noexcept {
return mi_heap_malloc_zero_aligned_at(heap, size, alignment, offset, true);
}
mi_decl_nodiscard mi_decl_restrict void* mi_heap_zalloc_aligned(mi_heap_t* heap, size_t size, size_t alignment) mi_attr_noexcept {
return mi_heap_zalloc_aligned_at(heap, size, alignment, 0);
}
mi_decl_nodiscard mi_decl_restrict void* mi_heap_calloc_aligned_at(mi_heap_t* heap, size_t count, size_t size, size_t alignment, size_t offset) mi_attr_noexcept {
size_t total;
if (mi_count_size_overflow(count, size, &total)) return NULL;
return mi_heap_zalloc_aligned_at(heap, total, alignment, offset);
}
mi_decl_nodiscard mi_decl_restrict void* mi_heap_calloc_aligned(mi_heap_t* heap, size_t count, size_t size, size_t alignment) mi_attr_noexcept {
return mi_heap_calloc_aligned_at(heap,count,size,alignment,0);
}
mi_decl_nodiscard mi_decl_restrict void* mi_malloc_aligned_at(size_t size, size_t alignment, size_t offset) mi_attr_noexcept {
return mi_heap_malloc_aligned_at(mi_prim_get_default_heap(), size, alignment, offset);
}
mi_decl_nodiscard mi_decl_restrict void* mi_malloc_aligned(size_t size, size_t alignment) mi_attr_noexcept {
return mi_heap_malloc_aligned(mi_prim_get_default_heap(), size, alignment);
}
mi_decl_nodiscard mi_decl_restrict void* mi_zalloc_aligned_at(size_t size, size_t alignment, size_t offset) mi_attr_noexcept {
return mi_heap_zalloc_aligned_at(mi_prim_get_default_heap(), size, alignment, offset);
}
mi_decl_nodiscard mi_decl_restrict void* mi_zalloc_aligned(size_t size, size_t alignment) mi_attr_noexcept {
return mi_heap_zalloc_aligned(mi_prim_get_default_heap(), size, alignment);
}
mi_decl_nodiscard mi_decl_restrict void* mi_calloc_aligned_at(size_t count, size_t size, size_t alignment, size_t offset) mi_attr_noexcept {
return mi_heap_calloc_aligned_at(mi_prim_get_default_heap(), count, size, alignment, offset);
}
mi_decl_nodiscard mi_decl_restrict void* mi_calloc_aligned(size_t count, size_t size, size_t alignment) mi_attr_noexcept {
return mi_heap_calloc_aligned(mi_prim_get_default_heap(), count, size, alignment);
}
// ------------------------------------------------------
// Aligned re-allocation
// ------------------------------------------------------
static void* mi_heap_realloc_zero_aligned_at(mi_heap_t* heap, void* p, size_t newsize, size_t alignment, size_t offset, bool zero) mi_attr_noexcept {
mi_assert(alignment > 0);
if (alignment <= sizeof(uintptr_t)) return _mi_heap_realloc_zero(heap,p,newsize,zero);
if (p == NULL) return mi_heap_malloc_zero_aligned_at(heap,newsize,alignment,offset,zero);
size_t size = mi_usable_size(p);
if (newsize <= size && newsize >= (size - (size / 2))
&& (((uintptr_t)p + offset) % alignment) == 0) {
return p; // reallocation still fits, is aligned and not more than 50% waste
}
else {
// note: we don't zero allocate upfront so we only zero initialize the expanded part
void* newp = mi_heap_malloc_aligned_at(heap,newsize,alignment,offset);
if (newp != NULL) {
if (zero && newsize > size) {
// also set last word in the previous allocation to zero to ensure any padding is zero-initialized
size_t start = (size >= sizeof(intptr_t) ? size - sizeof(intptr_t) : 0);
_mi_memzero((uint8_t*)newp + start, newsize - start);
}
_mi_memcpy_aligned(newp, p, (newsize > size ? size : newsize));
mi_free(p); // only free if successful
}
return newp;
}
}
static void* mi_heap_realloc_zero_aligned(mi_heap_t* heap, void* p, size_t newsize, size_t alignment, bool zero) mi_attr_noexcept {
mi_assert(alignment > 0);
if (alignment <= sizeof(uintptr_t)) return _mi_heap_realloc_zero(heap,p,newsize,zero);
size_t offset = ((uintptr_t)p % alignment); // use offset of previous allocation (p can be NULL)
return mi_heap_realloc_zero_aligned_at(heap,p,newsize,alignment,offset,zero);
}
mi_decl_nodiscard void* mi_heap_realloc_aligned_at(mi_heap_t* heap, void* p, size_t newsize, size_t alignment, size_t offset) mi_attr_noexcept {
return mi_heap_realloc_zero_aligned_at(heap,p,newsize,alignment,offset,false);
}
mi_decl_nodiscard void* mi_heap_realloc_aligned(mi_heap_t* heap, void* p, size_t newsize, size_t alignment) mi_attr_noexcept {
return mi_heap_realloc_zero_aligned(heap,p,newsize,alignment,false);
}
mi_decl_nodiscard void* mi_heap_rezalloc_aligned_at(mi_heap_t* heap, void* p, size_t newsize, size_t alignment, size_t offset) mi_attr_noexcept {
return mi_heap_realloc_zero_aligned_at(heap, p, newsize, alignment, offset, true);
}
mi_decl_nodiscard void* mi_heap_rezalloc_aligned(mi_heap_t* heap, void* p, size_t newsize, size_t alignment) mi_attr_noexcept {
return mi_heap_realloc_zero_aligned(heap, p, newsize, alignment, true);
}
mi_decl_nodiscard void* mi_heap_recalloc_aligned_at(mi_heap_t* heap, void* p, size_t newcount, size_t size, size_t alignment, size_t offset) mi_attr_noexcept {
size_t total;
if (mi_count_size_overflow(newcount, size, &total)) return NULL;
return mi_heap_rezalloc_aligned_at(heap, p, total, alignment, offset);
}
mi_decl_nodiscard void* mi_heap_recalloc_aligned(mi_heap_t* heap, void* p, size_t newcount, size_t size, size_t alignment) mi_attr_noexcept {
size_t total;
if (mi_count_size_overflow(newcount, size, &total)) return NULL;
return mi_heap_rezalloc_aligned(heap, p, total, alignment);
}
mi_decl_nodiscard void* mi_realloc_aligned_at(void* p, size_t newsize, size_t alignment, size_t offset) mi_attr_noexcept {
return mi_heap_realloc_aligned_at(mi_prim_get_default_heap(), p, newsize, alignment, offset);
}
mi_decl_nodiscard void* mi_realloc_aligned(void* p, size_t newsize, size_t alignment) mi_attr_noexcept {
return mi_heap_realloc_aligned(mi_prim_get_default_heap(), p, newsize, alignment);
}
mi_decl_nodiscard void* mi_rezalloc_aligned_at(void* p, size_t newsize, size_t alignment, size_t offset) mi_attr_noexcept {
return mi_heap_rezalloc_aligned_at(mi_prim_get_default_heap(), p, newsize, alignment, offset);
}
mi_decl_nodiscard void* mi_rezalloc_aligned(void* p, size_t newsize, size_t alignment) mi_attr_noexcept {
return mi_heap_rezalloc_aligned(mi_prim_get_default_heap(), p, newsize, alignment);
}
mi_decl_nodiscard void* mi_recalloc_aligned_at(void* p, size_t newcount, size_t size, size_t alignment, size_t offset) mi_attr_noexcept {
return mi_heap_recalloc_aligned_at(mi_prim_get_default_heap(), p, newcount, size, alignment, offset);
}
mi_decl_nodiscard void* mi_recalloc_aligned(void* p, size_t newcount, size_t size, size_t alignment) mi_attr_noexcept {
return mi_heap_recalloc_aligned(mi_prim_get_default_heap(), p, newcount, size, alignment);
}

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/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Copyright (c) 2018-2021, Microsoft Research, Daan Leijen
This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
terms of the MIT license. A copy of the license can be found in the file
"LICENSE" at the root of this distribution.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#if !defined(MI_IN_ALLOC_C)
#error "this file should be included from 'alloc.c' (so aliases can work)"
#endif
#if defined(MI_MALLOC_OVERRIDE) && defined(_WIN32) && !(defined(MI_SHARED_LIB) && defined(_DLL))
#error "It is only possible to override "malloc" on Windows when building as a DLL (and linking the C runtime as a DLL)"
#endif
#if defined(MI_MALLOC_OVERRIDE) && !(defined(_WIN32))
#if defined(__APPLE__)
#include <AvailabilityMacros.h>
mi_decl_externc void vfree(void* p);
mi_decl_externc size_t malloc_size(const void* p);
mi_decl_externc size_t malloc_good_size(size_t size);
#endif
// helper definition for C override of C++ new
typedef void* mi_nothrow_t;
// ------------------------------------------------------
// Override system malloc
// ------------------------------------------------------
#if (defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__clang__)) && !defined(__APPLE__) && !MI_TRACK_ENABLED
// gcc, clang: use aliasing to alias the exported function to one of our `mi_` functions
#if (defined(__GNUC__) && __GNUC__ >= 9)
#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wattributes" // or we get warnings that nodiscard is ignored on a forward
#define MI_FORWARD(fun) __attribute__((alias(#fun), used, visibility("default"), copy(fun)));
#else
#define MI_FORWARD(fun) __attribute__((alias(#fun), used, visibility("default")));
#endif
#define MI_FORWARD1(fun,x) MI_FORWARD(fun)
#define MI_FORWARD2(fun,x,y) MI_FORWARD(fun)
#define MI_FORWARD3(fun,x,y,z) MI_FORWARD(fun)
#define MI_FORWARD0(fun,x) MI_FORWARD(fun)
#define MI_FORWARD02(fun,x,y) MI_FORWARD(fun)
#else
// otherwise use forwarding by calling our `mi_` function
#define MI_FORWARD1(fun,x) { return fun(x); }
#define MI_FORWARD2(fun,x,y) { return fun(x,y); }
#define MI_FORWARD3(fun,x,y,z) { return fun(x,y,z); }
#define MI_FORWARD0(fun,x) { fun(x); }
#define MI_FORWARD02(fun,x,y) { fun(x,y); }
#endif
#if defined(__APPLE__) && defined(MI_SHARED_LIB_EXPORT) && defined(MI_OSX_INTERPOSE)
// define MI_OSX_IS_INTERPOSED as we should not provide forwarding definitions for
// functions that are interposed (or the interposing does not work)
#define MI_OSX_IS_INTERPOSED
mi_decl_externc size_t mi_malloc_size_checked(void *p) {
if (!mi_is_in_heap_region(p)) return 0;
return mi_usable_size(p);
}
// use interposing so `DYLD_INSERT_LIBRARIES` works without `DYLD_FORCE_FLAT_NAMESPACE=1`
// See: <https://books.google.com/books?id=K8vUkpOXhN4C&pg=PA73>
struct mi_interpose_s {
const void* replacement;
const void* target;
};
#define MI_INTERPOSE_FUN(oldfun,newfun) { (const void*)&newfun, (const void*)&oldfun }
#define MI_INTERPOSE_MI(fun) MI_INTERPOSE_FUN(fun,mi_##fun)
__attribute__((used)) static struct mi_interpose_s _mi_interposes[] __attribute__((section("__DATA, __interpose"))) =
{
MI_INTERPOSE_MI(malloc),
MI_INTERPOSE_MI(calloc),
MI_INTERPOSE_MI(realloc),
MI_INTERPOSE_MI(strdup),
#if defined(MAC_OS_X_VERSION_10_7) && MAC_OS_X_VERSION_MAX_ALLOWED >= MAC_OS_X_VERSION_10_7
MI_INTERPOSE_MI(strndup),
#endif
MI_INTERPOSE_MI(realpath),
MI_INTERPOSE_MI(posix_memalign),
MI_INTERPOSE_MI(reallocf),
MI_INTERPOSE_MI(valloc),
MI_INTERPOSE_FUN(malloc_size,mi_malloc_size_checked),
MI_INTERPOSE_MI(malloc_good_size),
#if defined(MAC_OS_X_VERSION_10_15) && MAC_OS_X_VERSION_MAX_ALLOWED >= MAC_OS_X_VERSION_10_15
MI_INTERPOSE_MI(aligned_alloc),
#endif
#ifdef MI_OSX_ZONE
// we interpose malloc_default_zone in alloc-override-osx.c so we can use mi_free safely
MI_INTERPOSE_MI(free),
MI_INTERPOSE_FUN(vfree,mi_free),
#else
// sometimes code allocates from default zone but deallocates using plain free :-( (like NxHashResizeToCapacity <https://github.com/nneonneo/osx-10.9-opensource/blob/master/objc4-551.1/runtime/hashtable2.mm>)
MI_INTERPOSE_FUN(free,mi_cfree), // use safe free that checks if pointers are from us
MI_INTERPOSE_FUN(vfree,mi_cfree),
#endif
};
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif
void _ZdlPv(void* p); // delete
void _ZdaPv(void* p); // delete[]
void _ZdlPvm(void* p, size_t n); // delete
void _ZdaPvm(void* p, size_t n); // delete[]
void* _Znwm(size_t n); // new
void* _Znam(size_t n); // new[]
void* _ZnwmRKSt9nothrow_t(size_t n, mi_nothrow_t tag); // new nothrow
void* _ZnamRKSt9nothrow_t(size_t n, mi_nothrow_t tag); // new[] nothrow
#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif
__attribute__((used)) static struct mi_interpose_s _mi_cxx_interposes[] __attribute__((section("__DATA, __interpose"))) =
{
MI_INTERPOSE_FUN(_ZdlPv,mi_free),
MI_INTERPOSE_FUN(_ZdaPv,mi_free),
MI_INTERPOSE_FUN(_ZdlPvm,mi_free_size),
MI_INTERPOSE_FUN(_ZdaPvm,mi_free_size),
MI_INTERPOSE_FUN(_Znwm,mi_new),
MI_INTERPOSE_FUN(_Znam,mi_new),
MI_INTERPOSE_FUN(_ZnwmRKSt9nothrow_t,mi_new_nothrow),
MI_INTERPOSE_FUN(_ZnamRKSt9nothrow_t,mi_new_nothrow),
};
#elif defined(_MSC_VER)
// cannot override malloc unless using a dll.
// we just override new/delete which does work in a static library.
#else
// On all other systems forward allocation primitives to our API
mi_decl_export void* malloc(size_t size) MI_FORWARD1(mi_malloc, size)
mi_decl_export void* calloc(size_t size, size_t n) MI_FORWARD2(mi_calloc, size, n)
mi_decl_export void* realloc(void* p, size_t newsize) MI_FORWARD2(mi_realloc, p, newsize)
mi_decl_export void free(void* p) MI_FORWARD0(mi_free, p)
// In principle we do not need to forward `strdup`/`strndup` but on some systems these do not use `malloc` internally (but a more primitive call)
// We only override if `strdup` is not a macro (as on some older libc's, see issue #885)
#if !defined(strdup)
mi_decl_export char* strdup(const char* str) MI_FORWARD1(mi_strdup, str)
#endif
#if !defined(strndup) && (!defined(__APPLE__) || (defined(MAC_OS_X_VERSION_10_7) && MAC_OS_X_VERSION_MAX_ALLOWED >= MAC_OS_X_VERSION_10_7))
mi_decl_export char* strndup(const char* str, size_t n) MI_FORWARD2(mi_strndup, str, n)
#endif
#endif
#if (defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__clang__)) && !defined(__APPLE__)
#pragma GCC visibility push(default)
#endif
// ------------------------------------------------------
// Override new/delete
// This is not really necessary as they usually call
// malloc/free anyway, but it improves performance.
// ------------------------------------------------------
#ifdef __cplusplus
// ------------------------------------------------------
// With a C++ compiler we override the new/delete operators.
// see <https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/memory/new/operator_new>
// ------------------------------------------------------
#include <new>
#ifndef MI_OSX_IS_INTERPOSED
void operator delete(void* p) noexcept MI_FORWARD0(mi_free,p)
void operator delete[](void* p) noexcept MI_FORWARD0(mi_free,p)
void* operator new(std::size_t n) noexcept(false) MI_FORWARD1(mi_new,n)
void* operator new[](std::size_t n) noexcept(false) MI_FORWARD1(mi_new,n)
void* operator new (std::size_t n, const std::nothrow_t& tag) noexcept { MI_UNUSED(tag); return mi_new_nothrow(n); }
void* operator new[](std::size_t n, const std::nothrow_t& tag) noexcept { MI_UNUSED(tag); return mi_new_nothrow(n); }
#if (__cplusplus >= 201402L || _MSC_VER >= 1916)
void operator delete (void* p, std::size_t n) noexcept MI_FORWARD02(mi_free_size,p,n)
void operator delete[](void* p, std::size_t n) noexcept MI_FORWARD02(mi_free_size,p,n)
#endif
#endif
#if (__cplusplus > 201402L && defined(__cpp_aligned_new)) && (!defined(__GNUC__) || (__GNUC__ > 5))
void operator delete (void* p, std::align_val_t al) noexcept { mi_free_aligned(p, static_cast<size_t>(al)); }
void operator delete[](void* p, std::align_val_t al) noexcept { mi_free_aligned(p, static_cast<size_t>(al)); }
void operator delete (void* p, std::size_t n, std::align_val_t al) noexcept { mi_free_size_aligned(p, n, static_cast<size_t>(al)); };
void operator delete[](void* p, std::size_t n, std::align_val_t al) noexcept { mi_free_size_aligned(p, n, static_cast<size_t>(al)); };
void operator delete (void* p, std::align_val_t al, const std::nothrow_t&) noexcept { mi_free_aligned(p, static_cast<size_t>(al)); }
void operator delete[](void* p, std::align_val_t al, const std::nothrow_t&) noexcept { mi_free_aligned(p, static_cast<size_t>(al)); }
void* operator new( std::size_t n, std::align_val_t al) noexcept(false) { return mi_new_aligned(n, static_cast<size_t>(al)); }
void* operator new[]( std::size_t n, std::align_val_t al) noexcept(false) { return mi_new_aligned(n, static_cast<size_t>(al)); }
void* operator new (std::size_t n, std::align_val_t al, const std::nothrow_t&) noexcept { return mi_new_aligned_nothrow(n, static_cast<size_t>(al)); }
void* operator new[](std::size_t n, std::align_val_t al, const std::nothrow_t&) noexcept { return mi_new_aligned_nothrow(n, static_cast<size_t>(al)); }
#endif
#elif (defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__clang__))
// ------------------------------------------------------
// Override by defining the mangled C++ names of the operators (as
// used by GCC and CLang).
// See <https://itanium-cxx-abi.github.io/cxx-abi/abi.html#mangling>
// ------------------------------------------------------
void _ZdlPv(void* p) MI_FORWARD0(mi_free,p) // delete
void _ZdaPv(void* p) MI_FORWARD0(mi_free,p) // delete[]
void _ZdlPvm(void* p, size_t n) MI_FORWARD02(mi_free_size,p,n)
void _ZdaPvm(void* p, size_t n) MI_FORWARD02(mi_free_size,p,n)
void _ZdlPvSt11align_val_t(void* p, size_t al) { mi_free_aligned(p,al); }
void _ZdaPvSt11align_val_t(void* p, size_t al) { mi_free_aligned(p,al); }
void _ZdlPvmSt11align_val_t(void* p, size_t n, size_t al) { mi_free_size_aligned(p,n,al); }
void _ZdaPvmSt11align_val_t(void* p, size_t n, size_t al) { mi_free_size_aligned(p,n,al); }
void _ZdlPvRKSt9nothrow_t(void* p, mi_nothrow_t tag) { MI_UNUSED(tag); mi_free(p); } // operator delete(void*, std::nothrow_t const&)
void _ZdaPvRKSt9nothrow_t(void* p, mi_nothrow_t tag) { MI_UNUSED(tag); mi_free(p); } // operator delete[](void*, std::nothrow_t const&)
void _ZdlPvSt11align_val_tRKSt9nothrow_t(void* p, size_t al, mi_nothrow_t tag) { MI_UNUSED(tag); mi_free_aligned(p,al); } // operator delete(void*, std::align_val_t, std::nothrow_t const&)
void _ZdaPvSt11align_val_tRKSt9nothrow_t(void* p, size_t al, mi_nothrow_t tag) { MI_UNUSED(tag); mi_free_aligned(p,al); } // operator delete[](void*, std::align_val_t, std::nothrow_t const&)
#if (MI_INTPTR_SIZE==8)
void* _Znwm(size_t n) MI_FORWARD1(mi_new,n) // new 64-bit
void* _Znam(size_t n) MI_FORWARD1(mi_new,n) // new[] 64-bit
void* _ZnwmRKSt9nothrow_t(size_t n, mi_nothrow_t tag) { MI_UNUSED(tag); return mi_new_nothrow(n); }
void* _ZnamRKSt9nothrow_t(size_t n, mi_nothrow_t tag) { MI_UNUSED(tag); return mi_new_nothrow(n); }
void* _ZnwmSt11align_val_t(size_t n, size_t al) MI_FORWARD2(mi_new_aligned, n, al)
void* _ZnamSt11align_val_t(size_t n, size_t al) MI_FORWARD2(mi_new_aligned, n, al)
void* _ZnwmSt11align_val_tRKSt9nothrow_t(size_t n, size_t al, mi_nothrow_t tag) { MI_UNUSED(tag); return mi_new_aligned_nothrow(n,al); }
void* _ZnamSt11align_val_tRKSt9nothrow_t(size_t n, size_t al, mi_nothrow_t tag) { MI_UNUSED(tag); return mi_new_aligned_nothrow(n,al); }
#elif (MI_INTPTR_SIZE==4)
void* _Znwj(size_t n) MI_FORWARD1(mi_new,n) // new 64-bit
void* _Znaj(size_t n) MI_FORWARD1(mi_new,n) // new[] 64-bit
void* _ZnwjRKSt9nothrow_t(size_t n, mi_nothrow_t tag) { MI_UNUSED(tag); return mi_new_nothrow(n); }
void* _ZnajRKSt9nothrow_t(size_t n, mi_nothrow_t tag) { MI_UNUSED(tag); return mi_new_nothrow(n); }
void* _ZnwjSt11align_val_t(size_t n, size_t al) MI_FORWARD2(mi_new_aligned, n, al)
void* _ZnajSt11align_val_t(size_t n, size_t al) MI_FORWARD2(mi_new_aligned, n, al)
void* _ZnwjSt11align_val_tRKSt9nothrow_t(size_t n, size_t al, mi_nothrow_t tag) { MI_UNUSED(tag); return mi_new_aligned_nothrow(n,al); }
void* _ZnajSt11align_val_tRKSt9nothrow_t(size_t n, size_t al, mi_nothrow_t tag) { MI_UNUSED(tag); return mi_new_aligned_nothrow(n,al); }
#else
#error "define overloads for new/delete for this platform (just for performance, can be skipped)"
#endif
#endif // __cplusplus
// ------------------------------------------------------
// Further Posix & Unix functions definitions
// ------------------------------------------------------
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif
#ifndef MI_OSX_IS_INTERPOSED
// Forward Posix/Unix calls as well
void* reallocf(void* p, size_t newsize) MI_FORWARD2(mi_reallocf,p,newsize)
size_t malloc_size(const void* p) MI_FORWARD1(mi_usable_size,p)
#if !defined(__ANDROID__) && !defined(__FreeBSD__)
size_t malloc_usable_size(void *p) MI_FORWARD1(mi_usable_size,p)
#else
size_t malloc_usable_size(const void *p) MI_FORWARD1(mi_usable_size,p)
#endif
// No forwarding here due to aliasing/name mangling issues
void* valloc(size_t size) { return mi_valloc(size); }
void vfree(void* p) { mi_free(p); }
size_t malloc_good_size(size_t size) { return mi_malloc_good_size(size); }
int posix_memalign(void** p, size_t alignment, size_t size) { return mi_posix_memalign(p, alignment, size); }
// `aligned_alloc` is only available when __USE_ISOC11 is defined.
// Note: it seems __USE_ISOC11 is not defined in musl (and perhaps other libc's) so we only check
// for it if using glibc.
// Note: Conda has a custom glibc where `aligned_alloc` is declared `static inline` and we cannot
// override it, but both _ISOC11_SOURCE and __USE_ISOC11 are undefined in Conda GCC7 or GCC9.
// Fortunately, in the case where `aligned_alloc` is declared as `static inline` it
// uses internally `memalign`, `posix_memalign`, or `_aligned_malloc` so we can avoid overriding it ourselves.
#if !defined(__GLIBC__) || __USE_ISOC11
void* aligned_alloc(size_t alignment, size_t size) { return mi_aligned_alloc(alignment, size); }
#endif
#endif
// no forwarding here due to aliasing/name mangling issues
void cfree(void* p) { mi_free(p); }
void* pvalloc(size_t size) { return mi_pvalloc(size); }
void* memalign(size_t alignment, size_t size) { return mi_memalign(alignment, size); }
void* _aligned_malloc(size_t alignment, size_t size) { return mi_aligned_alloc(alignment, size); }
void* reallocarray(void* p, size_t count, size_t size) { return mi_reallocarray(p, count, size); }
// some systems define reallocarr so mark it as a weak symbol (#751)
mi_decl_weak int reallocarr(void* p, size_t count, size_t size) { return mi_reallocarr(p, count, size); }
#if defined(__wasi__)
// forward __libc interface (see PR #667)
void* __libc_malloc(size_t size) MI_FORWARD1(mi_malloc, size)
void* __libc_calloc(size_t count, size_t size) MI_FORWARD2(mi_calloc, count, size)
void* __libc_realloc(void* p, size_t size) MI_FORWARD2(mi_realloc, p, size)
void __libc_free(void* p) MI_FORWARD0(mi_free, p)
void* __libc_memalign(size_t alignment, size_t size) { return mi_memalign(alignment, size); }
#elif defined(__linux__)
// forward __libc interface (needed for glibc-based and musl-based Linux distributions)
void* __libc_malloc(size_t size) MI_FORWARD1(mi_malloc,size)
void* __libc_calloc(size_t count, size_t size) MI_FORWARD2(mi_calloc,count,size)
void* __libc_realloc(void* p, size_t size) MI_FORWARD2(mi_realloc,p,size)
void __libc_free(void* p) MI_FORWARD0(mi_free,p)
void __libc_cfree(void* p) MI_FORWARD0(mi_free,p)
void* __libc_valloc(size_t size) { return mi_valloc(size); }
void* __libc_pvalloc(size_t size) { return mi_pvalloc(size); }
void* __libc_memalign(size_t alignment, size_t size) { return mi_memalign(alignment,size); }
int __posix_memalign(void** p, size_t alignment, size_t size) { return mi_posix_memalign(p,alignment,size); }
#endif
#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif
#if (defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__clang__)) && !defined(__APPLE__)
#pragma GCC visibility pop
#endif
#endif // MI_MALLOC_OVERRIDE && !_WIN32

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/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Copyright (c) 2018-2021, Microsoft Research, Daan Leijen
This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
terms of the MIT license. A copy of the license can be found in the file
"LICENSE" at the root of this distribution.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
// ------------------------------------------------------------------------
// mi prefixed publi definitions of various Posix, Unix, and C++ functions
// for convenience and used when overriding these functions.
// ------------------------------------------------------------------------
#include "mimalloc.h"
#include "mimalloc/internal.h"
// ------------------------------------------------------
// Posix & Unix functions definitions
// ------------------------------------------------------
#include <errno.h>
#include <string.h> // memset
#include <stdlib.h> // getenv
#ifdef _MSC_VER
#pragma warning(disable:4996) // getenv _wgetenv
#endif
#ifndef EINVAL
#define EINVAL 22
#endif
#ifndef ENOMEM
#define ENOMEM 12
#endif
mi_decl_nodiscard size_t mi_malloc_size(const void* p) mi_attr_noexcept {
// if (!mi_is_in_heap_region(p)) return 0;
return mi_usable_size(p);
}
mi_decl_nodiscard size_t mi_malloc_usable_size(const void *p) mi_attr_noexcept {
// if (!mi_is_in_heap_region(p)) return 0;
return mi_usable_size(p);
}
mi_decl_nodiscard size_t mi_malloc_good_size(size_t size) mi_attr_noexcept {
return mi_good_size(size);
}
void mi_cfree(void* p) mi_attr_noexcept {
if (mi_is_in_heap_region(p)) {
mi_free(p);
}
}
int mi_posix_memalign(void** p, size_t alignment, size_t size) mi_attr_noexcept {
// Note: The spec dictates we should not modify `*p` on an error. (issue#27)
// <http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/posix_memalign.3.html>
if (p == NULL) return EINVAL;
if ((alignment % sizeof(void*)) != 0) return EINVAL; // natural alignment
// it is also required that alignment is a power of 2 and > 0; this is checked in `mi_malloc_aligned`
if (alignment==0 || !_mi_is_power_of_two(alignment)) return EINVAL; // not a power of 2
void* q = mi_malloc_aligned(size, alignment);
if (q==NULL && size != 0) return ENOMEM;
mi_assert_internal(((uintptr_t)q % alignment) == 0);
*p = q;
return 0;
}
mi_decl_nodiscard mi_decl_restrict void* mi_memalign(size_t alignment, size_t size) mi_attr_noexcept {
void* p = mi_malloc_aligned(size, alignment);
mi_assert_internal(((uintptr_t)p % alignment) == 0);
return p;
}
mi_decl_nodiscard mi_decl_restrict void* mi_valloc(size_t size) mi_attr_noexcept {
return mi_memalign( _mi_os_page_size(), size );
}
mi_decl_nodiscard mi_decl_restrict void* mi_pvalloc(size_t size) mi_attr_noexcept {
size_t psize = _mi_os_page_size();
if (size >= SIZE_MAX - psize) return NULL; // overflow
size_t asize = _mi_align_up(size, psize);
return mi_malloc_aligned(asize, psize);
}
mi_decl_nodiscard mi_decl_restrict void* mi_aligned_alloc(size_t alignment, size_t size) mi_attr_noexcept {
// C11 requires the size to be an integral multiple of the alignment, see <https://en.cppreference.com/w/c/memory/aligned_alloc>.
// unfortunately, it turns out quite some programs pass a size that is not an integral multiple so skip this check..
/* if mi_unlikely((size & (alignment - 1)) != 0) { // C11 requires alignment>0 && integral multiple, see <https://en.cppreference.com/w/c/memory/aligned_alloc>
#if MI_DEBUG > 0
_mi_error_message(EOVERFLOW, "(mi_)aligned_alloc requires the size to be an integral multiple of the alignment (size %zu, alignment %zu)\n", size, alignment);
#endif
return NULL;
}
*/
// C11 also requires alignment to be a power-of-two (and > 0) which is checked in mi_malloc_aligned
void* p = mi_malloc_aligned(size, alignment);
mi_assert_internal(((uintptr_t)p % alignment) == 0);
return p;
}
mi_decl_nodiscard void* mi_reallocarray( void* p, size_t count, size_t size ) mi_attr_noexcept { // BSD
void* newp = mi_reallocn(p,count,size);
if (newp==NULL) { errno = ENOMEM; }
return newp;
}
mi_decl_nodiscard int mi_reallocarr( void* p, size_t count, size_t size ) mi_attr_noexcept { // NetBSD
mi_assert(p != NULL);
if (p == NULL) {
errno = EINVAL;
return EINVAL;
}
void** op = (void**)p;
void* newp = mi_reallocarray(*op, count, size);
if mi_unlikely(newp == NULL) { return errno; }
*op = newp;
return 0;
}
void* mi__expand(void* p, size_t newsize) mi_attr_noexcept { // Microsoft
void* res = mi_expand(p, newsize);
if (res == NULL) { errno = ENOMEM; }
return res;
}
mi_decl_nodiscard mi_decl_restrict unsigned short* mi_wcsdup(const unsigned short* s) mi_attr_noexcept {
if (s==NULL) return NULL;
size_t len;
for(len = 0; s[len] != 0; len++) { }
size_t size = (len+1)*sizeof(unsigned short);
unsigned short* p = (unsigned short*)mi_malloc(size);
if (p != NULL) {
_mi_memcpy(p,s,size);
}
return p;
}
mi_decl_nodiscard mi_decl_restrict unsigned char* mi_mbsdup(const unsigned char* s) mi_attr_noexcept {
return (unsigned char*)mi_strdup((const char*)s);
}
int mi_dupenv_s(char** buf, size_t* size, const char* name) mi_attr_noexcept {
if (buf==NULL || name==NULL) return EINVAL;
if (size != NULL) *size = 0;
char* p = getenv(name); // mscver warning 4996
if (p==NULL) {
*buf = NULL;
}
else {
*buf = mi_strdup(p);
if (*buf==NULL) return ENOMEM;
if (size != NULL) *size = _mi_strlen(p);
}
return 0;
}
int mi_wdupenv_s(unsigned short** buf, size_t* size, const unsigned short* name) mi_attr_noexcept {
if (buf==NULL || name==NULL) return EINVAL;
if (size != NULL) *size = 0;
#if !defined(_WIN32) || (defined(WINAPI_FAMILY) && (WINAPI_FAMILY != WINAPI_FAMILY_DESKTOP_APP))
// not supported
*buf = NULL;
return EINVAL;
#else
unsigned short* p = (unsigned short*)_wgetenv((const wchar_t*)name); // msvc warning 4996
if (p==NULL) {
*buf = NULL;
}
else {
*buf = mi_wcsdup(p);
if (*buf==NULL) return ENOMEM;
if (size != NULL) *size = wcslen((const wchar_t*)p);
}
return 0;
#endif
}
mi_decl_nodiscard void* mi_aligned_offset_recalloc(void* p, size_t newcount, size_t size, size_t alignment, size_t offset) mi_attr_noexcept { // Microsoft
return mi_recalloc_aligned_at(p, newcount, size, alignment, offset);
}
mi_decl_nodiscard void* mi_aligned_recalloc(void* p, size_t newcount, size_t size, size_t alignment) mi_attr_noexcept { // Microsoft
return mi_recalloc_aligned(p, newcount, size, alignment);
}

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/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Copyright (c) 2018-2024, Microsoft Research, Daan Leijen
This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
terms of the MIT license. A copy of the license can be found in the file
"LICENSE" at the root of this distribution.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#ifndef _DEFAULT_SOURCE
#define _DEFAULT_SOURCE // for realpath() on Linux
#endif
#include "mimalloc.h"
#include "mimalloc/internal.h"
#include "mimalloc/atomic.h"
#include "mimalloc/prim.h" // _mi_prim_thread_id()
#include <string.h> // memset, strlen (for mi_strdup)
#include <stdlib.h> // malloc, abort
#define MI_IN_ALLOC_C
#include "alloc-override.c"
#include "free.c"
#undef MI_IN_ALLOC_C
// ------------------------------------------------------
// Allocation
// ------------------------------------------------------
// Fast allocation in a page: just pop from the free list.
// Fall back to generic allocation only if the list is empty.
// Note: in release mode the (inlined) routine is about 7 instructions with a single test.
extern inline void* _mi_page_malloc_zero(mi_heap_t* heap, mi_page_t* page, size_t size, bool zero) mi_attr_noexcept
{
mi_assert_internal(page->block_size == 0 /* empty heap */ || mi_page_block_size(page) >= size);
// check the free list
mi_block_t* const block = page->free;
if mi_unlikely(block == NULL) {
return _mi_malloc_generic(heap, size, zero, 0);
}
mi_assert_internal(block != NULL && _mi_ptr_page(block) == page);
// pop from the free list
page->free = mi_block_next(page, block);
page->used++;
mi_assert_internal(page->free == NULL || _mi_ptr_page(page->free) == page);
mi_assert_internal(page->block_size < MI_MAX_ALIGN_SIZE || _mi_is_aligned(block, MI_MAX_ALIGN_SIZE));
#if MI_DEBUG>3
if (page->free_is_zero && size > sizeof(*block)) {
mi_assert_expensive(mi_mem_is_zero(block+1,size - sizeof(*block)));
}
#endif
// allow use of the block internally
// note: when tracking we need to avoid ever touching the MI_PADDING since
// that is tracked by valgrind etc. as non-accessible (through the red-zone, see `mimalloc/track.h`)
mi_track_mem_undefined(block, mi_page_usable_block_size(page));
// zero the block? note: we need to zero the full block size (issue #63)
if mi_unlikely(zero) {
mi_assert_internal(page->block_size != 0); // do not call with zero'ing for huge blocks (see _mi_malloc_generic)
mi_assert_internal(!mi_page_is_huge(page));
#if MI_PADDING
mi_assert_internal(page->block_size >= MI_PADDING_SIZE);
#endif
if (page->free_is_zero) {
block->next = 0;
mi_track_mem_defined(block, page->block_size - MI_PADDING_SIZE);
}
else {
_mi_memzero_aligned(block, page->block_size - MI_PADDING_SIZE);
}
}
#if (MI_DEBUG>0) && !MI_TRACK_ENABLED && !MI_TSAN
if (!zero && !mi_page_is_huge(page)) {
memset(block, MI_DEBUG_UNINIT, mi_page_usable_block_size(page));
}
#elif (MI_SECURE!=0)
if (!zero) { block->next = 0; } // don't leak internal data
#endif
#if (MI_STAT>0)
const size_t bsize = mi_page_usable_block_size(page);
if (bsize <= MI_LARGE_OBJ_SIZE_MAX) {
mi_heap_stat_increase(heap, normal, bsize);
mi_heap_stat_counter_increase(heap, normal_count, 1);
#if (MI_STAT>1)
const size_t bin = _mi_bin(bsize);
mi_heap_stat_increase(heap, normal_bins[bin], 1);
#endif
}
#endif
#if MI_PADDING // && !MI_TRACK_ENABLED
mi_padding_t* const padding = (mi_padding_t*)((uint8_t*)block + mi_page_usable_block_size(page));
ptrdiff_t delta = ((uint8_t*)padding - (uint8_t*)block - (size - MI_PADDING_SIZE));
#if (MI_DEBUG>=2)
mi_assert_internal(delta >= 0 && mi_page_usable_block_size(page) >= (size - MI_PADDING_SIZE + delta));
#endif
mi_track_mem_defined(padding,sizeof(mi_padding_t)); // note: re-enable since mi_page_usable_block_size may set noaccess
padding->canary = mi_ptr_encode_canary(page,block,page->keys);
padding->delta = (uint32_t)(delta);
#if MI_PADDING_CHECK
if (!mi_page_is_huge(page)) {
uint8_t* fill = (uint8_t*)padding - delta;
const size_t maxpad = (delta > MI_MAX_ALIGN_SIZE ? MI_MAX_ALIGN_SIZE : delta); // set at most N initial padding bytes
for (size_t i = 0; i < maxpad; i++) { fill[i] = MI_DEBUG_PADDING; }
}
#endif
#endif
return block;
}
// extra entries for improved efficiency in `alloc-aligned.c`.
extern void* _mi_page_malloc(mi_heap_t* heap, mi_page_t* page, size_t size) mi_attr_noexcept {
return _mi_page_malloc_zero(heap,page,size,false);
}
extern void* _mi_page_malloc_zeroed(mi_heap_t* heap, mi_page_t* page, size_t size) mi_attr_noexcept {
return _mi_page_malloc_zero(heap,page,size,true);
}
#if MI_GUARDED
mi_decl_restrict void* _mi_heap_malloc_guarded(mi_heap_t* heap, size_t size, bool zero) mi_attr_noexcept;
#endif
static inline mi_decl_restrict void* mi_heap_malloc_small_zero(mi_heap_t* heap, size_t size, bool zero) mi_attr_noexcept {
mi_assert(heap != NULL);
mi_assert(size <= MI_SMALL_SIZE_MAX);
#if MI_DEBUG
const uintptr_t tid = _mi_thread_id();
mi_assert(heap->thread_id == 0 || heap->thread_id == tid); // heaps are thread local
#endif
#if (MI_PADDING || MI_GUARDED)
if (size == 0) { size = sizeof(void*); }
#endif
#if MI_GUARDED
if (mi_heap_malloc_use_guarded(heap,size)) {
return _mi_heap_malloc_guarded(heap, size, zero);
}
#endif
// get page in constant time, and allocate from it
mi_page_t* page = _mi_heap_get_free_small_page(heap, size + MI_PADDING_SIZE);
void* const p = _mi_page_malloc_zero(heap, page, size + MI_PADDING_SIZE, zero);
mi_track_malloc(p,size,zero);
#if MI_STAT>1
if (p != NULL) {
if (!mi_heap_is_initialized(heap)) { heap = mi_prim_get_default_heap(); }
mi_heap_stat_increase(heap, malloc, mi_usable_size(p));
}
#endif
#if MI_DEBUG>3
if (p != NULL && zero) {
mi_assert_expensive(mi_mem_is_zero(p, size));
}
#endif
return p;
}
// allocate a small block
mi_decl_nodiscard extern inline mi_decl_restrict void* mi_heap_malloc_small(mi_heap_t* heap, size_t size) mi_attr_noexcept {
return mi_heap_malloc_small_zero(heap, size, false);
}
mi_decl_nodiscard extern inline mi_decl_restrict void* mi_malloc_small(size_t size) mi_attr_noexcept {
return mi_heap_malloc_small(mi_prim_get_default_heap(), size);
}
// The main allocation function
extern inline void* _mi_heap_malloc_zero_ex(mi_heap_t* heap, size_t size, bool zero, size_t huge_alignment) mi_attr_noexcept {
// fast path for small objects
if mi_likely(size <= MI_SMALL_SIZE_MAX) {
mi_assert_internal(huge_alignment == 0);
return mi_heap_malloc_small_zero(heap, size, zero);
}
#if MI_GUARDED
else if (huge_alignment==0 && mi_heap_malloc_use_guarded(heap,size)) {
return _mi_heap_malloc_guarded(heap, size, zero);
}
#endif
else {
// regular allocation
mi_assert(heap!=NULL);
mi_assert(heap->thread_id == 0 || heap->thread_id == _mi_thread_id()); // heaps are thread local
void* const p = _mi_malloc_generic(heap, size + MI_PADDING_SIZE, zero, huge_alignment); // note: size can overflow but it is detected in malloc_generic
mi_track_malloc(p,size,zero);
#if MI_STAT>1
if (p != NULL) {
if (!mi_heap_is_initialized(heap)) { heap = mi_prim_get_default_heap(); }
mi_heap_stat_increase(heap, malloc, mi_usable_size(p));
}
#endif
#if MI_DEBUG>3
if (p != NULL && zero) {
mi_assert_expensive(mi_mem_is_zero(p, size));
}
#endif
return p;
}
}
extern inline void* _mi_heap_malloc_zero(mi_heap_t* heap, size_t size, bool zero) mi_attr_noexcept {
return _mi_heap_malloc_zero_ex(heap, size, zero, 0);
}
mi_decl_nodiscard extern inline mi_decl_restrict void* mi_heap_malloc(mi_heap_t* heap, size_t size) mi_attr_noexcept {
return _mi_heap_malloc_zero(heap, size, false);
}
mi_decl_nodiscard extern inline mi_decl_restrict void* mi_malloc(size_t size) mi_attr_noexcept {
return mi_heap_malloc(mi_prim_get_default_heap(), size);
}
// zero initialized small block
mi_decl_nodiscard mi_decl_restrict void* mi_zalloc_small(size_t size) mi_attr_noexcept {
return mi_heap_malloc_small_zero(mi_prim_get_default_heap(), size, true);
}
mi_decl_nodiscard extern inline mi_decl_restrict void* mi_heap_zalloc(mi_heap_t* heap, size_t size) mi_attr_noexcept {
return _mi_heap_malloc_zero(heap, size, true);
}
mi_decl_nodiscard mi_decl_restrict void* mi_zalloc(size_t size) mi_attr_noexcept {
return mi_heap_zalloc(mi_prim_get_default_heap(),size);
}
mi_decl_nodiscard extern inline mi_decl_restrict void* mi_heap_calloc(mi_heap_t* heap, size_t count, size_t size) mi_attr_noexcept {
size_t total;
if (mi_count_size_overflow(count,size,&total)) return NULL;
return mi_heap_zalloc(heap,total);
}
mi_decl_nodiscard mi_decl_restrict void* mi_calloc(size_t count, size_t size) mi_attr_noexcept {
return mi_heap_calloc(mi_prim_get_default_heap(),count,size);
}
// Uninitialized `calloc`
mi_decl_nodiscard extern mi_decl_restrict void* mi_heap_mallocn(mi_heap_t* heap, size_t count, size_t size) mi_attr_noexcept {
size_t total;
if (mi_count_size_overflow(count, size, &total)) return NULL;
return mi_heap_malloc(heap, total);
}
mi_decl_nodiscard mi_decl_restrict void* mi_mallocn(size_t count, size_t size) mi_attr_noexcept {
return mi_heap_mallocn(mi_prim_get_default_heap(),count,size);
}
// Expand (or shrink) in place (or fail)
void* mi_expand(void* p, size_t newsize) mi_attr_noexcept {
#if MI_PADDING
// we do not shrink/expand with padding enabled
MI_UNUSED(p); MI_UNUSED(newsize);
return NULL;
#else
if (p == NULL) return NULL;
const size_t size = _mi_usable_size(p,"mi_expand");
if (newsize > size) return NULL;
return p; // it fits
#endif
}
void* _mi_heap_realloc_zero(mi_heap_t* heap, void* p, size_t newsize, bool zero) mi_attr_noexcept {
// if p == NULL then behave as malloc.
// else if size == 0 then reallocate to a zero-sized block (and don't return NULL, just as mi_malloc(0)).
// (this means that returning NULL always indicates an error, and `p` will not have been freed in that case.)
const size_t size = _mi_usable_size(p,"mi_realloc"); // also works if p == NULL (with size 0)
if mi_unlikely(newsize <= size && newsize >= (size / 2) && newsize > 0) { // note: newsize must be > 0 or otherwise we return NULL for realloc(NULL,0)
mi_assert_internal(p!=NULL);
// todo: do not track as the usable size is still the same in the free; adjust potential padding?
// mi_track_resize(p,size,newsize)
// if (newsize < size) { mi_track_mem_noaccess((uint8_t*)p + newsize, size - newsize); }
return p; // reallocation still fits and not more than 50% waste
}
void* newp = mi_heap_malloc(heap,newsize);
if mi_likely(newp != NULL) {
if (zero && newsize > size) {
// also set last word in the previous allocation to zero to ensure any padding is zero-initialized
const size_t start = (size >= sizeof(intptr_t) ? size - sizeof(intptr_t) : 0);
_mi_memzero((uint8_t*)newp + start, newsize - start);
}
else if (newsize == 0) {
((uint8_t*)newp)[0] = 0; // work around for applications that expect zero-reallocation to be zero initialized (issue #725)
}
if mi_likely(p != NULL) {
const size_t copysize = (newsize > size ? size : newsize);
mi_track_mem_defined(p,copysize); // _mi_useable_size may be too large for byte precise memory tracking..
_mi_memcpy(newp, p, copysize);
mi_free(p); // only free the original pointer if successful
}
}
return newp;
}
mi_decl_nodiscard void* mi_heap_realloc(mi_heap_t* heap, void* p, size_t newsize) mi_attr_noexcept {
return _mi_heap_realloc_zero(heap, p, newsize, false);
}
mi_decl_nodiscard void* mi_heap_reallocn(mi_heap_t* heap, void* p, size_t count, size_t size) mi_attr_noexcept {
size_t total;
if (mi_count_size_overflow(count, size, &total)) return NULL;
return mi_heap_realloc(heap, p, total);
}
// Reallocate but free `p` on errors
mi_decl_nodiscard void* mi_heap_reallocf(mi_heap_t* heap, void* p, size_t newsize) mi_attr_noexcept {
void* newp = mi_heap_realloc(heap, p, newsize);
if (newp==NULL && p!=NULL) mi_free(p);
return newp;
}
mi_decl_nodiscard void* mi_heap_rezalloc(mi_heap_t* heap, void* p, size_t newsize) mi_attr_noexcept {
return _mi_heap_realloc_zero(heap, p, newsize, true);
}
mi_decl_nodiscard void* mi_heap_recalloc(mi_heap_t* heap, void* p, size_t count, size_t size) mi_attr_noexcept {
size_t total;
if (mi_count_size_overflow(count, size, &total)) return NULL;
return mi_heap_rezalloc(heap, p, total);
}
mi_decl_nodiscard void* mi_realloc(void* p, size_t newsize) mi_attr_noexcept {
return mi_heap_realloc(mi_prim_get_default_heap(),p,newsize);
}
mi_decl_nodiscard void* mi_reallocn(void* p, size_t count, size_t size) mi_attr_noexcept {
return mi_heap_reallocn(mi_prim_get_default_heap(),p,count,size);
}
// Reallocate but free `p` on errors
mi_decl_nodiscard void* mi_reallocf(void* p, size_t newsize) mi_attr_noexcept {
return mi_heap_reallocf(mi_prim_get_default_heap(),p,newsize);
}
mi_decl_nodiscard void* mi_rezalloc(void* p, size_t newsize) mi_attr_noexcept {
return mi_heap_rezalloc(mi_prim_get_default_heap(), p, newsize);
}
mi_decl_nodiscard void* mi_recalloc(void* p, size_t count, size_t size) mi_attr_noexcept {
return mi_heap_recalloc(mi_prim_get_default_heap(), p, count, size);
}
// ------------------------------------------------------
// strdup, strndup, and realpath
// ------------------------------------------------------
// `strdup` using mi_malloc
mi_decl_nodiscard mi_decl_restrict char* mi_heap_strdup(mi_heap_t* heap, const char* s) mi_attr_noexcept {
if (s == NULL) return NULL;
size_t len = _mi_strlen(s);
char* t = (char*)mi_heap_malloc(heap,len+1);
if (t == NULL) return NULL;
_mi_memcpy(t, s, len);
t[len] = 0;
return t;
}
mi_decl_nodiscard mi_decl_restrict char* mi_strdup(const char* s) mi_attr_noexcept {
return mi_heap_strdup(mi_prim_get_default_heap(), s);
}
// `strndup` using mi_malloc
mi_decl_nodiscard mi_decl_restrict char* mi_heap_strndup(mi_heap_t* heap, const char* s, size_t n) mi_attr_noexcept {
if (s == NULL) return NULL;
const size_t len = _mi_strnlen(s,n); // len <= n
char* t = (char*)mi_heap_malloc(heap, len+1);
if (t == NULL) return NULL;
_mi_memcpy(t, s, len);
t[len] = 0;
return t;
}
mi_decl_nodiscard mi_decl_restrict char* mi_strndup(const char* s, size_t n) mi_attr_noexcept {
return mi_heap_strndup(mi_prim_get_default_heap(),s,n);
}
#ifndef __wasi__
// `realpath` using mi_malloc
#ifdef _WIN32
#ifndef PATH_MAX
#define PATH_MAX MAX_PATH
#endif
mi_decl_nodiscard mi_decl_restrict char* mi_heap_realpath(mi_heap_t* heap, const char* fname, char* resolved_name) mi_attr_noexcept {
// todo: use GetFullPathNameW to allow longer file names
char buf[PATH_MAX];
DWORD res = GetFullPathNameA(fname, PATH_MAX, (resolved_name == NULL ? buf : resolved_name), NULL);
if (res == 0) {
errno = GetLastError(); return NULL;
}
else if (res > PATH_MAX) {
errno = EINVAL; return NULL;
}
else if (resolved_name != NULL) {
return resolved_name;
}
else {
return mi_heap_strndup(heap, buf, PATH_MAX);
}
}
#else
/*
#include <unistd.h> // pathconf
static size_t mi_path_max(void) {
static size_t path_max = 0;
if (path_max <= 0) {
long m = pathconf("/",_PC_PATH_MAX);
if (m <= 0) path_max = 4096; // guess
else if (m < 256) path_max = 256; // at least 256
else path_max = m;
}
return path_max;
}
*/
char* mi_heap_realpath(mi_heap_t* heap, const char* fname, char* resolved_name) mi_attr_noexcept {
if (resolved_name != NULL) {
return realpath(fname,resolved_name);
}
else {
char* rname = realpath(fname, NULL);
if (rname == NULL) return NULL;
char* result = mi_heap_strdup(heap, rname);
mi_cfree(rname); // use checked free (which may be redirected to our free but that's ok)
// note: with ASAN realpath is intercepted and mi_cfree may leak the returned pointer :-(
return result;
}
/*
const size_t n = mi_path_max();
char* buf = (char*)mi_malloc(n+1);
if (buf == NULL) {
errno = ENOMEM;
return NULL;
}
char* rname = realpath(fname,buf);
char* result = mi_heap_strndup(heap,rname,n); // ok if `rname==NULL`
mi_free(buf);
return result;
}
*/
}
#endif
mi_decl_nodiscard mi_decl_restrict char* mi_realpath(const char* fname, char* resolved_name) mi_attr_noexcept {
return mi_heap_realpath(mi_prim_get_default_heap(),fname,resolved_name);
}
#endif
/*-------------------------------------------------------
C++ new and new_aligned
The standard requires calling into `get_new_handler` and
throwing the bad_alloc exception on failure. If we compile
with a C++ compiler we can implement this precisely. If we
use a C compiler we cannot throw a `bad_alloc` exception
but we call `exit` instead (i.e. not returning).
-------------------------------------------------------*/
#ifdef __cplusplus
#include <new>
static bool mi_try_new_handler(bool nothrow) {
#if defined(_MSC_VER) || (__cplusplus >= 201103L)
std::new_handler h = std::get_new_handler();
#else
std::new_handler h = std::set_new_handler();
std::set_new_handler(h);
#endif
if (h==NULL) {
_mi_error_message(ENOMEM, "out of memory in 'new'");
#if defined(_CPPUNWIND) || defined(__cpp_exceptions) // exceptions are not always enabled
if (!nothrow) {
throw std::bad_alloc();
}
#else
MI_UNUSED(nothrow);
#endif
return false;
}
else {
h();
return true;
}
}
#else
typedef void (*std_new_handler_t)(void);
#if (defined(__GNUC__) || (defined(__clang__) && !defined(_MSC_VER))) // exclude clang-cl, see issue #631
std_new_handler_t __attribute__((weak)) _ZSt15get_new_handlerv(void) {
return NULL;
}
static std_new_handler_t mi_get_new_handler(void) {
return _ZSt15get_new_handlerv();
}
#else
// note: on windows we could dynamically link to `?get_new_handler@std@@YAP6AXXZXZ`.
static std_new_handler_t mi_get_new_handler() {
return NULL;
}
#endif
static bool mi_try_new_handler(bool nothrow) {
std_new_handler_t h = mi_get_new_handler();
if (h==NULL) {
_mi_error_message(ENOMEM, "out of memory in 'new'");
if (!nothrow) {
abort(); // cannot throw in plain C, use abort
}
return false;
}
else {
h();
return true;
}
}
#endif
mi_decl_export mi_decl_noinline void* mi_heap_try_new(mi_heap_t* heap, size_t size, bool nothrow ) {
void* p = NULL;
while(p == NULL && mi_try_new_handler(nothrow)) {
p = mi_heap_malloc(heap,size);
}
return p;
}
static mi_decl_noinline void* mi_try_new(size_t size, bool nothrow) {
return mi_heap_try_new(mi_prim_get_default_heap(), size, nothrow);
}
mi_decl_nodiscard mi_decl_restrict void* mi_heap_alloc_new(mi_heap_t* heap, size_t size) {
void* p = mi_heap_malloc(heap,size);
if mi_unlikely(p == NULL) return mi_heap_try_new(heap, size, false);
return p;
}
mi_decl_nodiscard mi_decl_restrict void* mi_new(size_t size) {
return mi_heap_alloc_new(mi_prim_get_default_heap(), size);
}
mi_decl_nodiscard mi_decl_restrict void* mi_heap_alloc_new_n(mi_heap_t* heap, size_t count, size_t size) {
size_t total;
if mi_unlikely(mi_count_size_overflow(count, size, &total)) {
mi_try_new_handler(false); // on overflow we invoke the try_new_handler once to potentially throw std::bad_alloc
return NULL;
}
else {
return mi_heap_alloc_new(heap,total);
}
}
mi_decl_nodiscard mi_decl_restrict void* mi_new_n(size_t count, size_t size) {
return mi_heap_alloc_new_n(mi_prim_get_default_heap(), count, size);
}
mi_decl_nodiscard mi_decl_restrict void* mi_new_nothrow(size_t size) mi_attr_noexcept {
void* p = mi_malloc(size);
if mi_unlikely(p == NULL) return mi_try_new(size, true);
return p;
}
mi_decl_nodiscard mi_decl_restrict void* mi_new_aligned(size_t size, size_t alignment) {
void* p;
do {
p = mi_malloc_aligned(size, alignment);
}
while(p == NULL && mi_try_new_handler(false));
return p;
}
mi_decl_nodiscard mi_decl_restrict void* mi_new_aligned_nothrow(size_t size, size_t alignment) mi_attr_noexcept {
void* p;
do {
p = mi_malloc_aligned(size, alignment);
}
while(p == NULL && mi_try_new_handler(true));
return p;
}
mi_decl_nodiscard void* mi_new_realloc(void* p, size_t newsize) {
void* q;
do {
q = mi_realloc(p, newsize);
} while (q == NULL && mi_try_new_handler(false));
return q;
}
mi_decl_nodiscard void* mi_new_reallocn(void* p, size_t newcount, size_t size) {
size_t total;
if mi_unlikely(mi_count_size_overflow(newcount, size, &total)) {
mi_try_new_handler(false); // on overflow we invoke the try_new_handler once to potentially throw std::bad_alloc
return NULL;
}
else {
return mi_new_realloc(p, total);
}
}
#if MI_GUARDED
// We always allocate a guarded allocation at an offset (`mi_page_has_aligned` will be true).
// We then set the first word of the block to `0` for regular offset aligned allocations (in `alloc-aligned.c`)
// and the first word to `~0` for guarded allocations to have a correct `mi_usable_size`
static void* mi_block_ptr_set_guarded(mi_block_t* block, size_t obj_size) {
// TODO: we can still make padding work by moving it out of the guard page area
mi_page_t* const page = _mi_ptr_page(block);
mi_page_set_has_aligned(page, true);
block->next = MI_BLOCK_TAG_GUARDED;
// set guard page at the end of the block
mi_segment_t* const segment = _mi_page_segment(page);
const size_t block_size = mi_page_block_size(page); // must use `block_size` to match `mi_free_local`
const size_t os_page_size = _mi_os_page_size();
mi_assert_internal(block_size >= obj_size + os_page_size + sizeof(mi_block_t));
if (block_size < obj_size + os_page_size + sizeof(mi_block_t)) {
// should never happen
mi_free(block);
return NULL;
}
uint8_t* guard_page = (uint8_t*)block + block_size - os_page_size;
mi_assert_internal(_mi_is_aligned(guard_page, os_page_size));
if (segment->allow_decommit && _mi_is_aligned(guard_page, os_page_size)) {
_mi_os_protect(guard_page, os_page_size);
}
else {
_mi_warning_message("unable to set a guard page behind an object due to pinned memory (large OS pages?) (object %p of size %zu)\n", block, block_size);
}
// align pointer just in front of the guard page
size_t offset = block_size - os_page_size - obj_size;
mi_assert_internal(offset > sizeof(mi_block_t));
if (offset > MI_BLOCK_ALIGNMENT_MAX) {
// give up to place it right in front of the guard page if the offset is too large for unalignment
offset = MI_BLOCK_ALIGNMENT_MAX;
}
void* p = (uint8_t*)block + offset;
mi_track_align(block, p, offset, obj_size);
mi_track_mem_defined(block, sizeof(mi_block_t));
return p;
}
mi_decl_restrict void* _mi_heap_malloc_guarded(mi_heap_t* heap, size_t size, bool zero) mi_attr_noexcept
{
#if defined(MI_PADDING_SIZE)
mi_assert(MI_PADDING_SIZE==0);
#endif
// allocate multiple of page size ending in a guard page
// ensure minimal alignment requirement?
const size_t os_page_size = _mi_os_page_size();
const size_t obj_size = (mi_option_is_enabled(mi_option_guarded_precise) ? size : _mi_align_up(size, MI_MAX_ALIGN_SIZE));
const size_t bsize = _mi_align_up(_mi_align_up(obj_size, MI_MAX_ALIGN_SIZE) + sizeof(mi_block_t), MI_MAX_ALIGN_SIZE);
const size_t req_size = _mi_align_up(bsize + os_page_size, os_page_size);
mi_block_t* const block = (mi_block_t*)_mi_malloc_generic(heap, req_size, zero, 0 /* huge_alignment */);
if (block==NULL) return NULL;
void* const p = mi_block_ptr_set_guarded(block, obj_size);
// stats
mi_track_malloc(p, size, zero);
if (p != NULL) {
if (!mi_heap_is_initialized(heap)) { heap = mi_prim_get_default_heap(); }
#if MI_STAT>1
mi_heap_stat_increase(heap, malloc, mi_usable_size(p));
#endif
_mi_stat_counter_increase(&heap->tld->stats.guarded_alloc_count, 1);
}
#if MI_DEBUG>3
if (p != NULL && zero) {
mi_assert_expensive(mi_mem_is_zero(p, size));
}
#endif
return p;
}
#endif
// ------------------------------------------------------
// ensure explicit external inline definitions are emitted!
// ------------------------------------------------------
#ifdef __cplusplus
void* _mi_externs[] = {
(void*)&_mi_page_malloc,
(void*)&_mi_page_malloc_zero,
(void*)&_mi_heap_malloc_zero,
(void*)&_mi_heap_malloc_zero_ex,
(void*)&mi_malloc,
(void*)&mi_malloc_small,
(void*)&mi_zalloc_small,
(void*)&mi_heap_malloc,
(void*)&mi_heap_zalloc,
(void*)&mi_heap_malloc_small
// (void*)&mi_heap_alloc_new,
// (void*)&mi_heap_alloc_new_n
};
#endif

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@ -0,0 +1,357 @@
/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Copyright (c) 2019-2024, Microsoft Research, Daan Leijen
This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
terms of the MIT license. A copy of the license can be found in the file
"LICENSE" at the root of this distribution.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#if !defined(MI_IN_ARENA_C)
#error "this file should be included from 'arena.c' (so mi_arena_t is visible)"
// add includes help an IDE
#include "mimalloc.h"
#include "mimalloc/internal.h"
#include "bitmap.h"
#endif
// Minimal exports for arena-abandoned.
size_t mi_arena_id_index(mi_arena_id_t id);
mi_arena_t* mi_arena_from_index(size_t idx);
size_t mi_arena_get_count(void);
void* mi_arena_block_start(mi_arena_t* arena, mi_bitmap_index_t bindex);
bool mi_arena_memid_indices(mi_memid_t memid, size_t* arena_index, mi_bitmap_index_t* bitmap_index);
/* -----------------------------------------------------------
Abandoned blocks/segments:
_mi_arena_segment_clear_abandoned
_mi_arena_segment_mark_abandoned
This is used to atomically abandon/reclaim segments
(and crosses the arena API but it is convenient to have here).
Abandoned segments still have live blocks; they get reclaimed
when a thread frees a block in it, or when a thread needs a fresh
segment.
Abandoned segments are atomically marked in the `block_abandoned`
bitmap of arenas. Any segments allocated outside arenas are put
in the sub-process `abandoned_os_list`. This list is accessed
using locks but this should be uncommon and generally uncontended.
Reclaim and visiting either scan through the `block_abandoned`
bitmaps of the arena's, or visit the `abandoned_os_list`
A potentially nicer design is to use arena's for everything
and perhaps have virtual arena's to map OS allocated memory
but this would lack the "density" of our current arena's. TBC.
----------------------------------------------------------- */
// reclaim a specific OS abandoned segment; `true` on success.
// sets the thread_id.
static bool mi_arena_segment_os_clear_abandoned(mi_segment_t* segment, bool take_lock) {
mi_assert(segment->memid.memkind != MI_MEM_ARENA);
// not in an arena, remove from list of abandoned os segments
mi_subproc_t* const subproc = segment->subproc;
if (take_lock && !mi_lock_try_acquire(&subproc->abandoned_os_lock)) {
return false; // failed to acquire the lock, we just give up
}
// remove atomically from the abandoned os list (if possible!)
bool reclaimed = false;
mi_segment_t* const next = segment->abandoned_os_next;
mi_segment_t* const prev = segment->abandoned_os_prev;
if (next != NULL || prev != NULL || subproc->abandoned_os_list == segment) {
#if MI_DEBUG>3
// find ourselves in the abandoned list (and check the count)
bool found = false;
size_t count = 0;
for (mi_segment_t* current = subproc->abandoned_os_list; current != NULL; current = current->abandoned_os_next) {
if (current == segment) { found = true; }
count++;
}
mi_assert_internal(found);
mi_assert_internal(count == mi_atomic_load_relaxed(&subproc->abandoned_os_list_count));
#endif
// remove (atomically) from the list and reclaim
if (prev != NULL) { prev->abandoned_os_next = next; }
else { subproc->abandoned_os_list = next; }
if (next != NULL) { next->abandoned_os_prev = prev; }
else { subproc->abandoned_os_list_tail = prev; }
segment->abandoned_os_next = NULL;
segment->abandoned_os_prev = NULL;
mi_atomic_decrement_relaxed(&subproc->abandoned_count);
mi_atomic_decrement_relaxed(&subproc->abandoned_os_list_count);
if (take_lock) { // don't reset the thread_id when iterating
mi_atomic_store_release(&segment->thread_id, _mi_thread_id());
}
reclaimed = true;
}
if (take_lock) { mi_lock_release(&segment->subproc->abandoned_os_lock); }
return reclaimed;
}
// reclaim a specific abandoned segment; `true` on success.
// sets the thread_id.
bool _mi_arena_segment_clear_abandoned(mi_segment_t* segment) {
if mi_unlikely(segment->memid.memkind != MI_MEM_ARENA) {
return mi_arena_segment_os_clear_abandoned(segment, true /* take lock */);
}
// arena segment: use the blocks_abandoned bitmap.
size_t arena_idx;
size_t bitmap_idx;
mi_arena_memid_indices(segment->memid, &arena_idx, &bitmap_idx);
mi_arena_t* arena = mi_arena_from_index(arena_idx);
mi_assert_internal(arena != NULL);
// reclaim atomically
bool was_marked = _mi_bitmap_unclaim(arena->blocks_abandoned, arena->field_count, 1, bitmap_idx);
if (was_marked) {
mi_assert_internal(mi_atomic_load_acquire(&segment->thread_id) == 0);
mi_atomic_decrement_relaxed(&segment->subproc->abandoned_count);
mi_atomic_store_release(&segment->thread_id, _mi_thread_id());
}
// mi_assert_internal(was_marked);
mi_assert_internal(!was_marked || _mi_bitmap_is_claimed(arena->blocks_inuse, arena->field_count, 1, bitmap_idx));
//mi_assert_internal(arena->blocks_committed == NULL || _mi_bitmap_is_claimed(arena->blocks_committed, arena->field_count, 1, bitmap_idx));
return was_marked;
}
// mark a specific OS segment as abandoned
static void mi_arena_segment_os_mark_abandoned(mi_segment_t* segment) {
mi_assert(segment->memid.memkind != MI_MEM_ARENA);
// not in an arena; we use a list of abandoned segments
mi_subproc_t* const subproc = segment->subproc;
if (!mi_lock_acquire(&subproc->abandoned_os_lock)) {
_mi_error_message(EFAULT, "internal error: failed to acquire the abandoned (os) segment lock to mark abandonment");
// we can continue but cannot visit/reclaim such blocks..
}
else {
// push on the tail of the list (important for the visitor)
mi_segment_t* prev = subproc->abandoned_os_list_tail;
mi_assert_internal(prev == NULL || prev->abandoned_os_next == NULL);
mi_assert_internal(segment->abandoned_os_prev == NULL);
mi_assert_internal(segment->abandoned_os_next == NULL);
if (prev != NULL) { prev->abandoned_os_next = segment; }
else { subproc->abandoned_os_list = segment; }
subproc->abandoned_os_list_tail = segment;
segment->abandoned_os_prev = prev;
segment->abandoned_os_next = NULL;
mi_atomic_increment_relaxed(&subproc->abandoned_os_list_count);
mi_atomic_increment_relaxed(&subproc->abandoned_count);
// and release the lock
mi_lock_release(&subproc->abandoned_os_lock);
}
return;
}
// mark a specific segment as abandoned
// clears the thread_id.
void _mi_arena_segment_mark_abandoned(mi_segment_t* segment)
{
mi_assert_internal(segment->used == segment->abandoned);
mi_atomic_store_release(&segment->thread_id, (uintptr_t)0); // mark as abandoned for multi-thread free's
if mi_unlikely(segment->memid.memkind != MI_MEM_ARENA) {
mi_arena_segment_os_mark_abandoned(segment);
return;
}
// segment is in an arena, mark it in the arena `blocks_abandoned` bitmap
size_t arena_idx;
size_t bitmap_idx;
mi_arena_memid_indices(segment->memid, &arena_idx, &bitmap_idx);
mi_arena_t* arena = mi_arena_from_index(arena_idx);
mi_assert_internal(arena != NULL);
// set abandonment atomically
mi_subproc_t* const subproc = segment->subproc; // don't access the segment after setting it abandoned
const bool was_unmarked = _mi_bitmap_claim(arena->blocks_abandoned, arena->field_count, 1, bitmap_idx, NULL);
if (was_unmarked) { mi_atomic_increment_relaxed(&subproc->abandoned_count); }
mi_assert_internal(was_unmarked);
mi_assert_internal(_mi_bitmap_is_claimed(arena->blocks_inuse, arena->field_count, 1, bitmap_idx));
}
/* -----------------------------------------------------------
Iterate through the abandoned blocks/segments using a cursor.
This is used for reclaiming and abandoned block visiting.
----------------------------------------------------------- */
// start a cursor at a randomized arena
void _mi_arena_field_cursor_init(mi_heap_t* heap, mi_subproc_t* subproc, bool visit_all, mi_arena_field_cursor_t* current) {
mi_assert_internal(heap == NULL || heap->tld->segments.subproc == subproc);
current->bitmap_idx = 0;
current->subproc = subproc;
current->visit_all = visit_all;
current->hold_visit_lock = false;
const size_t abandoned_count = mi_atomic_load_relaxed(&subproc->abandoned_count);
const size_t abandoned_list_count = mi_atomic_load_relaxed(&subproc->abandoned_os_list_count);
const size_t max_arena = mi_arena_get_count();
if (heap != NULL && heap->arena_id != _mi_arena_id_none()) {
// for a heap that is bound to one arena, only visit that arena
current->start = mi_arena_id_index(heap->arena_id);
current->end = current->start + 1;
current->os_list_count = 0;
}
else {
// otherwise visit all starting at a random location
if (abandoned_count > abandoned_list_count && max_arena > 0) {
current->start = (heap == NULL || max_arena == 0 ? 0 : (mi_arena_id_t)(_mi_heap_random_next(heap) % max_arena));
current->end = current->start + max_arena;
}
else {
current->start = 0;
current->end = 0;
}
current->os_list_count = abandoned_list_count; // max entries to visit in the os abandoned list
}
mi_assert_internal(current->start <= max_arena);
}
void _mi_arena_field_cursor_done(mi_arena_field_cursor_t* current) {
if (current->hold_visit_lock) {
mi_lock_release(&current->subproc->abandoned_os_visit_lock);
current->hold_visit_lock = false;
}
}
static mi_segment_t* mi_arena_segment_clear_abandoned_at(mi_arena_t* arena, mi_subproc_t* subproc, mi_bitmap_index_t bitmap_idx) {
// try to reclaim an abandoned segment in the arena atomically
if (!_mi_bitmap_unclaim(arena->blocks_abandoned, arena->field_count, 1, bitmap_idx)) return NULL;
mi_assert_internal(_mi_bitmap_is_claimed(arena->blocks_inuse, arena->field_count, 1, bitmap_idx));
mi_segment_t* segment = (mi_segment_t*)mi_arena_block_start(arena, bitmap_idx);
mi_assert_internal(mi_atomic_load_relaxed(&segment->thread_id) == 0);
// check that the segment belongs to our sub-process
// note: this is the reason we need the `abandoned_visit` lock in the case abandoned visiting is enabled.
// without the lock an abandoned visit may otherwise fail to visit all abandoned segments in the sub-process.
// for regular reclaim it is fine to miss one sometimes so without abandoned visiting we don't need the `abandoned_visit` lock.
if (segment->subproc != subproc) {
// it is from another sub-process, re-mark it and continue searching
const bool was_zero = _mi_bitmap_claim(arena->blocks_abandoned, arena->field_count, 1, bitmap_idx, NULL);
mi_assert_internal(was_zero); MI_UNUSED(was_zero);
return NULL;
}
else {
// success, we unabandoned a segment in our sub-process
mi_atomic_decrement_relaxed(&subproc->abandoned_count);
return segment;
}
}
static mi_segment_t* mi_arena_segment_clear_abandoned_next_field(mi_arena_field_cursor_t* previous) {
const size_t max_arena = mi_arena_get_count();
size_t field_idx = mi_bitmap_index_field(previous->bitmap_idx);
size_t bit_idx = mi_bitmap_index_bit_in_field(previous->bitmap_idx);
// visit arena's (from the previous cursor)
for (; previous->start < previous->end; previous->start++, field_idx = 0, bit_idx = 0) {
// index wraps around
size_t arena_idx = (previous->start >= max_arena ? previous->start % max_arena : previous->start);
mi_arena_t* arena = mi_arena_from_index(arena_idx);
if (arena != NULL) {
bool has_lock = false;
// visit the abandoned fields (starting at previous_idx)
for (; field_idx < arena->field_count; field_idx++, bit_idx = 0) {
size_t field = mi_atomic_load_relaxed(&arena->blocks_abandoned[field_idx]);
if mi_unlikely(field != 0) { // skip zero fields quickly
// we only take the arena lock if there are actually abandoned segments present
if (!has_lock && mi_option_is_enabled(mi_option_visit_abandoned)) {
has_lock = (previous->visit_all ? mi_lock_acquire(&arena->abandoned_visit_lock) : mi_lock_try_acquire(&arena->abandoned_visit_lock));
if (!has_lock) {
if (previous->visit_all) {
_mi_error_message(EFAULT, "internal error: failed to visit all abandoned segments due to failure to acquire the visitor lock");
}
// skip to next arena
break;
}
}
mi_assert_internal(has_lock || !mi_option_is_enabled(mi_option_visit_abandoned));
// visit each set bit in the field (todo: maybe use `ctz` here?)
for (; bit_idx < MI_BITMAP_FIELD_BITS; bit_idx++) {
// pre-check if the bit is set
size_t mask = ((size_t)1 << bit_idx);
if mi_unlikely((field & mask) == mask) {
mi_bitmap_index_t bitmap_idx = mi_bitmap_index_create(field_idx, bit_idx);
mi_segment_t* const segment = mi_arena_segment_clear_abandoned_at(arena, previous->subproc, bitmap_idx);
if (segment != NULL) {
//mi_assert_internal(arena->blocks_committed == NULL || _mi_bitmap_is_claimed(arena->blocks_committed, arena->field_count, 1, bitmap_idx));
if (has_lock) { mi_lock_release(&arena->abandoned_visit_lock); }
previous->bitmap_idx = mi_bitmap_index_create_ex(field_idx, bit_idx + 1); // start at next one for the next iteration
return segment;
}
}
}
}
}
if (has_lock) { mi_lock_release(&arena->abandoned_visit_lock); }
}
}
return NULL;
}
static mi_segment_t* mi_arena_segment_clear_abandoned_next_list(mi_arena_field_cursor_t* previous) {
// go through the abandoned_os_list
// we only allow one thread per sub-process to do to visit guarded by the `abandoned_os_visit_lock`.
// The lock is released when the cursor is released.
if (!previous->hold_visit_lock) {
previous->hold_visit_lock = (previous->visit_all ? mi_lock_acquire(&previous->subproc->abandoned_os_visit_lock)
: mi_lock_try_acquire(&previous->subproc->abandoned_os_visit_lock));
if (!previous->hold_visit_lock) {
if (previous->visit_all) {
_mi_error_message(EFAULT, "internal error: failed to visit all abandoned segments due to failure to acquire the OS visitor lock");
}
return NULL; // we cannot get the lock, give up
}
}
// One list entry at a time
while (previous->os_list_count > 0) {
previous->os_list_count--;
const bool has_lock = mi_lock_acquire(&previous->subproc->abandoned_os_lock); // this could contend with concurrent OS block abandonment and reclaim from `free`
if (has_lock) {
mi_segment_t* segment = previous->subproc->abandoned_os_list;
// pop from head of the list, a subsequent mark will push at the end (and thus we iterate through os_list_count entries)
if (segment == NULL || mi_arena_segment_os_clear_abandoned(segment, false /* we already have the lock */)) {
mi_lock_release(&previous->subproc->abandoned_os_lock);
return segment;
}
// already abandoned, try again
mi_lock_release(&previous->subproc->abandoned_os_lock);
}
else {
_mi_error_message(EFAULT, "failed to acquire abandoned OS list lock during abandoned block visit\n");
return NULL;
}
}
// done
mi_assert_internal(previous->os_list_count == 0);
return NULL;
}
// reclaim abandoned segments
// this does not set the thread id (so it appears as still abandoned)
mi_segment_t* _mi_arena_segment_clear_abandoned_next(mi_arena_field_cursor_t* previous) {
if (previous->start < previous->end) {
// walk the arena
mi_segment_t* segment = mi_arena_segment_clear_abandoned_next_field(previous);
if (segment != NULL) { return segment; }
}
// no entries in the arena's anymore, walk the abandoned OS list
mi_assert_internal(previous->start == previous->end);
return mi_arena_segment_clear_abandoned_next_list(previous);
}
bool mi_abandoned_visit_blocks(mi_subproc_id_t subproc_id, int heap_tag, bool visit_blocks, mi_block_visit_fun* visitor, void* arg) {
// (unfortunately) the visit_abandoned option must be enabled from the start.
// This is to avoid taking locks if abandoned list visiting is not required (as for most programs)
if (!mi_option_is_enabled(mi_option_visit_abandoned)) {
_mi_error_message(EFAULT, "internal error: can only visit abandoned blocks when MIMALLOC_VISIT_ABANDONED=ON");
return false;
}
mi_arena_field_cursor_t current;
_mi_arena_field_cursor_init(NULL, _mi_subproc_from_id(subproc_id), true /* visit all (blocking) */, &current);
mi_segment_t* segment;
bool ok = true;
while (ok && (segment = _mi_arena_segment_clear_abandoned_next(&current)) != NULL) {
ok = _mi_segment_visit_blocks(segment, heap_tag, visit_blocks, visitor, arg);
_mi_arena_segment_mark_abandoned(segment);
}
_mi_arena_field_cursor_done(&current);
return ok;
}

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/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Copyright (c) 2019-2024, Microsoft Research, Daan Leijen
This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
terms of the MIT license. A copy of the license can be found in the file
"LICENSE" at the root of this distribution.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
"Arenas" are fixed area's of OS memory from which we can allocate
large blocks (>= MI_ARENA_MIN_BLOCK_SIZE, 4MiB).
In contrast to the rest of mimalloc, the arenas are shared between
threads and need to be accessed using atomic operations.
Arenas are also used to for huge OS page (1GiB) reservations or for reserving
OS memory upfront which can be improve performance or is sometimes needed
on embedded devices. We can also employ this with WASI or `sbrk` systems
to reserve large arenas upfront and be able to reuse the memory more effectively.
The arena allocation needs to be thread safe and we use an atomic bitmap to allocate.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "mimalloc.h"
#include "mimalloc/internal.h"
#include "mimalloc/atomic.h"
#include "bitmap.h"
/* -----------------------------------------------------------
Arena allocation
----------------------------------------------------------- */
// A memory arena descriptor
typedef struct mi_arena_s {
mi_arena_id_t id; // arena id; 0 for non-specific
mi_memid_t memid; // memid of the memory area
_Atomic(uint8_t*)start; // the start of the memory area
size_t block_count; // size of the area in arena blocks (of `MI_ARENA_BLOCK_SIZE`)
size_t field_count; // number of bitmap fields (where `field_count * MI_BITMAP_FIELD_BITS >= block_count`)
size_t meta_size; // size of the arena structure itself (including its bitmaps)
mi_memid_t meta_memid; // memid of the arena structure itself (OS or static allocation)
int numa_node; // associated NUMA node
bool exclusive; // only allow allocations if specifically for this arena
bool is_large; // memory area consists of large- or huge OS pages (always committed)
mi_lock_t abandoned_visit_lock; // lock is only used when abandoned segments are being visited
_Atomic(size_t)search_idx; // optimization to start the search for free blocks
_Atomic(mi_msecs_t)purge_expire; // expiration time when blocks should be decommitted from `blocks_decommit`.
mi_bitmap_field_t* blocks_dirty; // are the blocks potentially non-zero?
mi_bitmap_field_t* blocks_committed; // are the blocks committed? (can be NULL for memory that cannot be decommitted)
mi_bitmap_field_t* blocks_purge; // blocks that can be (reset) decommitted. (can be NULL for memory that cannot be (reset) decommitted)
mi_bitmap_field_t* blocks_abandoned; // blocks that start with an abandoned segment. (This crosses API's but it is convenient to have here)
mi_bitmap_field_t blocks_inuse[1]; // in-place bitmap of in-use blocks (of size `field_count`)
// do not add further fields here as the dirty, committed, purged, and abandoned bitmaps follow the inuse bitmap fields.
} mi_arena_t;
#define MI_ARENA_BLOCK_SIZE (MI_SEGMENT_SIZE) // 64MiB (must be at least MI_SEGMENT_ALIGN)
#define MI_ARENA_MIN_OBJ_SIZE (MI_ARENA_BLOCK_SIZE/2) // 32MiB
#define MI_MAX_ARENAS (132) // Limited as the reservation exponentially increases (and takes up .bss)
// The available arenas
static mi_decl_cache_align _Atomic(mi_arena_t*) mi_arenas[MI_MAX_ARENAS];
static mi_decl_cache_align _Atomic(size_t) mi_arena_count; // = 0
#define MI_IN_ARENA_C
#include "arena-abandon.c"
#undef MI_IN_ARENA_C
/* -----------------------------------------------------------
Arena id's
id = arena_index + 1
----------------------------------------------------------- */
size_t mi_arena_id_index(mi_arena_id_t id) {
return (size_t)(id <= 0 ? MI_MAX_ARENAS : id - 1);
}
static mi_arena_id_t mi_arena_id_create(size_t arena_index) {
mi_assert_internal(arena_index < MI_MAX_ARENAS);
return (int)arena_index + 1;
}
mi_arena_id_t _mi_arena_id_none(void) {
return 0;
}
static bool mi_arena_id_is_suitable(mi_arena_id_t arena_id, bool arena_is_exclusive, mi_arena_id_t req_arena_id) {
return ((!arena_is_exclusive && req_arena_id == _mi_arena_id_none()) ||
(arena_id == req_arena_id));
}
bool _mi_arena_memid_is_suitable(mi_memid_t memid, mi_arena_id_t request_arena_id) {
if (memid.memkind == MI_MEM_ARENA) {
return mi_arena_id_is_suitable(memid.mem.arena.id, memid.mem.arena.is_exclusive, request_arena_id);
}
else {
return mi_arena_id_is_suitable(_mi_arena_id_none(), false, request_arena_id);
}
}
size_t mi_arena_get_count(void) {
return mi_atomic_load_relaxed(&mi_arena_count);
}
mi_arena_t* mi_arena_from_index(size_t idx) {
mi_assert_internal(idx < mi_arena_get_count());
return mi_atomic_load_ptr_acquire(mi_arena_t, &mi_arenas[idx]);
}
/* -----------------------------------------------------------
Arena allocations get a (currently) 16-bit memory id where the
lower 8 bits are the arena id, and the upper bits the block index.
----------------------------------------------------------- */
static size_t mi_block_count_of_size(size_t size) {
return _mi_divide_up(size, MI_ARENA_BLOCK_SIZE);
}
static size_t mi_arena_block_size(size_t bcount) {
return (bcount * MI_ARENA_BLOCK_SIZE);
}
static size_t mi_arena_size(mi_arena_t* arena) {
return mi_arena_block_size(arena->block_count);
}
static mi_memid_t mi_memid_create_arena(mi_arena_id_t id, bool is_exclusive, mi_bitmap_index_t bitmap_index) {
mi_memid_t memid = _mi_memid_create(MI_MEM_ARENA);
memid.mem.arena.id = id;
memid.mem.arena.block_index = bitmap_index;
memid.mem.arena.is_exclusive = is_exclusive;
return memid;
}
bool mi_arena_memid_indices(mi_memid_t memid, size_t* arena_index, mi_bitmap_index_t* bitmap_index) {
mi_assert_internal(memid.memkind == MI_MEM_ARENA);
*arena_index = mi_arena_id_index(memid.mem.arena.id);
*bitmap_index = memid.mem.arena.block_index;
return memid.mem.arena.is_exclusive;
}
/* -----------------------------------------------------------
Special static area for mimalloc internal structures
to avoid OS calls (for example, for the arena metadata (~= 256b))
----------------------------------------------------------- */
#define MI_ARENA_STATIC_MAX ((MI_INTPTR_SIZE/2)*MI_KiB) // 4 KiB on 64-bit
static mi_decl_cache_align uint8_t mi_arena_static[MI_ARENA_STATIC_MAX]; // must be cache aligned, see issue #895
static mi_decl_cache_align _Atomic(size_t) mi_arena_static_top;
static void* mi_arena_static_zalloc(size_t size, size_t alignment, mi_memid_t* memid) {
*memid = _mi_memid_none();
if (size == 0 || size > MI_ARENA_STATIC_MAX) return NULL;
const size_t toplow = mi_atomic_load_relaxed(&mi_arena_static_top);
if ((toplow + size) > MI_ARENA_STATIC_MAX) return NULL;
// try to claim space
if (alignment < MI_MAX_ALIGN_SIZE) { alignment = MI_MAX_ALIGN_SIZE; }
const size_t oversize = size + alignment - 1;
if (toplow + oversize > MI_ARENA_STATIC_MAX) return NULL;
const size_t oldtop = mi_atomic_add_acq_rel(&mi_arena_static_top, oversize);
size_t top = oldtop + oversize;
if (top > MI_ARENA_STATIC_MAX) {
// try to roll back, ok if this fails
mi_atomic_cas_strong_acq_rel(&mi_arena_static_top, &top, oldtop);
return NULL;
}
// success
*memid = _mi_memid_create(MI_MEM_STATIC);
memid->initially_zero = true;
const size_t start = _mi_align_up(oldtop, alignment);
uint8_t* const p = &mi_arena_static[start];
_mi_memzero_aligned(p, size);
return p;
}
void* _mi_arena_meta_zalloc(size_t size, mi_memid_t* memid) {
*memid = _mi_memid_none();
// try static
void* p = mi_arena_static_zalloc(size, MI_MAX_ALIGN_SIZE, memid);
if (p != NULL) return p;
// or fall back to the OS
p = _mi_os_alloc(size, memid);
if (p == NULL) return NULL;
// zero the OS memory if needed
if (!memid->initially_zero) {
_mi_memzero_aligned(p, size);
memid->initially_zero = true;
}
return p;
}
void _mi_arena_meta_free(void* p, mi_memid_t memid, size_t size) {
if (mi_memkind_is_os(memid.memkind)) {
_mi_os_free(p, size, memid);
}
else {
mi_assert(memid.memkind == MI_MEM_STATIC);
}
}
void* mi_arena_block_start(mi_arena_t* arena, mi_bitmap_index_t bindex) {
return (arena->start + mi_arena_block_size(mi_bitmap_index_bit(bindex)));
}
/* -----------------------------------------------------------
Thread safe allocation in an arena
----------------------------------------------------------- */
// claim the `blocks_inuse` bits
static bool mi_arena_try_claim(mi_arena_t* arena, size_t blocks, mi_bitmap_index_t* bitmap_idx)
{
size_t idx = 0; // mi_atomic_load_relaxed(&arena->search_idx); // start from last search; ok to be relaxed as the exact start does not matter
if (_mi_bitmap_try_find_from_claim_across(arena->blocks_inuse, arena->field_count, idx, blocks, bitmap_idx)) {
mi_atomic_store_relaxed(&arena->search_idx, mi_bitmap_index_field(*bitmap_idx)); // start search from found location next time around
return true;
};
return false;
}
/* -----------------------------------------------------------
Arena Allocation
----------------------------------------------------------- */
static mi_decl_noinline void* mi_arena_try_alloc_at(mi_arena_t* arena, size_t arena_index, size_t needed_bcount,
bool commit, mi_memid_t* memid)
{
MI_UNUSED(arena_index);
mi_assert_internal(mi_arena_id_index(arena->id) == arena_index);
mi_bitmap_index_t bitmap_index;
if (!mi_arena_try_claim(arena, needed_bcount, &bitmap_index)) return NULL;
// claimed it!
void* p = mi_arena_block_start(arena, bitmap_index);
*memid = mi_memid_create_arena(arena->id, arena->exclusive, bitmap_index);
memid->is_pinned = arena->memid.is_pinned;
// none of the claimed blocks should be scheduled for a decommit
if (arena->blocks_purge != NULL) {
// this is thread safe as a potential purge only decommits parts that are not yet claimed as used (in `blocks_inuse`).
_mi_bitmap_unclaim_across(arena->blocks_purge, arena->field_count, needed_bcount, bitmap_index);
}
// set the dirty bits (todo: no need for an atomic op here?)
if (arena->memid.initially_zero && arena->blocks_dirty != NULL) {
memid->initially_zero = _mi_bitmap_claim_across(arena->blocks_dirty, arena->field_count, needed_bcount, bitmap_index, NULL);
}
// set commit state
if (arena->blocks_committed == NULL) {
// always committed
memid->initially_committed = true;
}
else if (commit) {
// commit requested, but the range may not be committed as a whole: ensure it is committed now
memid->initially_committed = true;
bool any_uncommitted;
_mi_bitmap_claim_across(arena->blocks_committed, arena->field_count, needed_bcount, bitmap_index, &any_uncommitted);
if (any_uncommitted) {
bool commit_zero = false;
if (!_mi_os_commit(p, mi_arena_block_size(needed_bcount), &commit_zero)) {
memid->initially_committed = false;
}
else {
if (commit_zero) { memid->initially_zero = true; }
}
}
}
else {
// no need to commit, but check if already fully committed
memid->initially_committed = _mi_bitmap_is_claimed_across(arena->blocks_committed, arena->field_count, needed_bcount, bitmap_index);
}
return p;
}
// allocate in a speficic arena
static void* mi_arena_try_alloc_at_id(mi_arena_id_t arena_id, bool match_numa_node, int numa_node, size_t size, size_t alignment,
bool commit, bool allow_large, mi_arena_id_t req_arena_id, mi_memid_t* memid )
{
MI_UNUSED_RELEASE(alignment);
mi_assert(alignment <= MI_SEGMENT_ALIGN);
const size_t bcount = mi_block_count_of_size(size);
const size_t arena_index = mi_arena_id_index(arena_id);
mi_assert_internal(arena_index < mi_atomic_load_relaxed(&mi_arena_count));
mi_assert_internal(size <= mi_arena_block_size(bcount));
// Check arena suitability
mi_arena_t* arena = mi_arena_from_index(arena_index);
if (arena == NULL) return NULL;
if (!allow_large && arena->is_large) return NULL;
if (!mi_arena_id_is_suitable(arena->id, arena->exclusive, req_arena_id)) return NULL;
if (req_arena_id == _mi_arena_id_none()) { // in not specific, check numa affinity
const bool numa_suitable = (numa_node < 0 || arena->numa_node < 0 || arena->numa_node == numa_node);
if (match_numa_node) { if (!numa_suitable) return NULL; }
else { if (numa_suitable) return NULL; }
}
// try to allocate
void* p = mi_arena_try_alloc_at(arena, arena_index, bcount, commit, memid);
mi_assert_internal(p == NULL || _mi_is_aligned(p, alignment));
return p;
}
// allocate from an arena with fallback to the OS
static mi_decl_noinline void* mi_arena_try_alloc(int numa_node, size_t size, size_t alignment,
bool commit, bool allow_large,
mi_arena_id_t req_arena_id, mi_memid_t* memid )
{
MI_UNUSED(alignment);
mi_assert_internal(alignment <= MI_SEGMENT_ALIGN);
const size_t max_arena = mi_atomic_load_relaxed(&mi_arena_count);
if mi_likely(max_arena == 0) return NULL;
if (req_arena_id != _mi_arena_id_none()) {
// try a specific arena if requested
if (mi_arena_id_index(req_arena_id) < max_arena) {
void* p = mi_arena_try_alloc_at_id(req_arena_id, true, numa_node, size, alignment, commit, allow_large, req_arena_id, memid);
if (p != NULL) return p;
}
}
else {
// try numa affine allocation
for (size_t i = 0; i < max_arena; i++) {
void* p = mi_arena_try_alloc_at_id(mi_arena_id_create(i), true, numa_node, size, alignment, commit, allow_large, req_arena_id, memid);
if (p != NULL) return p;
}
// try from another numa node instead..
if (numa_node >= 0) { // if numa_node was < 0 (no specific affinity requested), all arena's have been tried already
for (size_t i = 0; i < max_arena; i++) {
void* p = mi_arena_try_alloc_at_id(mi_arena_id_create(i), false /* only proceed if not numa local */, numa_node, size, alignment, commit, allow_large, req_arena_id, memid);
if (p != NULL) return p;
}
}
}
return NULL;
}
// try to reserve a fresh arena space
static bool mi_arena_reserve(size_t req_size, bool allow_large, mi_arena_id_t req_arena_id, mi_arena_id_t *arena_id)
{
if (_mi_preloading()) return false; // use OS only while pre loading
if (req_arena_id != _mi_arena_id_none()) return false;
const size_t arena_count = mi_atomic_load_acquire(&mi_arena_count);
if (arena_count > (MI_MAX_ARENAS - 4)) return false;
size_t arena_reserve = mi_option_get_size(mi_option_arena_reserve);
if (arena_reserve == 0) return false;
if (!_mi_os_has_virtual_reserve()) {
arena_reserve = arena_reserve/4; // be conservative if virtual reserve is not supported (for WASM for example)
}
arena_reserve = _mi_align_up(arena_reserve, MI_ARENA_BLOCK_SIZE);
arena_reserve = _mi_align_up(arena_reserve, MI_SEGMENT_SIZE);
if (arena_count >= 8 && arena_count <= 128) {
// scale up the arena sizes exponentially every 8 entries (128 entries get to 589TiB)
const size_t multiplier = (size_t)1 << _mi_clamp(arena_count/8, 0, 16 );
size_t reserve = 0;
if (!mi_mul_overflow(multiplier, arena_reserve, &reserve)) {
arena_reserve = reserve;
}
}
if (arena_reserve < req_size) return false; // should be able to at least handle the current allocation size
// commit eagerly?
bool arena_commit = false;
if (mi_option_get(mi_option_arena_eager_commit) == 2) { arena_commit = _mi_os_has_overcommit(); }
else if (mi_option_get(mi_option_arena_eager_commit) == 1) { arena_commit = true; }
return (mi_reserve_os_memory_ex(arena_reserve, arena_commit, allow_large, false /* exclusive? */, arena_id) == 0);
}
void* _mi_arena_alloc_aligned(size_t size, size_t alignment, size_t align_offset, bool commit, bool allow_large,
mi_arena_id_t req_arena_id, mi_memid_t* memid)
{
mi_assert_internal(memid != NULL);
mi_assert_internal(size > 0);
*memid = _mi_memid_none();
const int numa_node = _mi_os_numa_node(); // current numa node
// try to allocate in an arena if the alignment is small enough and the object is not too small (as for heap meta data)
if (!mi_option_is_enabled(mi_option_disallow_arena_alloc) || req_arena_id != _mi_arena_id_none()) { // is arena allocation allowed?
if (size >= MI_ARENA_MIN_OBJ_SIZE && alignment <= MI_SEGMENT_ALIGN && align_offset == 0) {
void* p = mi_arena_try_alloc(numa_node, size, alignment, commit, allow_large, req_arena_id, memid);
if (p != NULL) return p;
// otherwise, try to first eagerly reserve a new arena
if (req_arena_id == _mi_arena_id_none()) {
mi_arena_id_t arena_id = 0;
if (mi_arena_reserve(size, allow_large, req_arena_id, &arena_id)) {
// and try allocate in there
mi_assert_internal(req_arena_id == _mi_arena_id_none());
p = mi_arena_try_alloc_at_id(arena_id, true, numa_node, size, alignment, commit, allow_large, req_arena_id, memid);
if (p != NULL) return p;
}
}
}
}
// if we cannot use OS allocation, return NULL
if (mi_option_is_enabled(mi_option_disallow_os_alloc) || req_arena_id != _mi_arena_id_none()) {
errno = ENOMEM;
return NULL;
}
// finally, fall back to the OS
if (align_offset > 0) {
return _mi_os_alloc_aligned_at_offset(size, alignment, align_offset, commit, allow_large, memid);
}
else {
return _mi_os_alloc_aligned(size, alignment, commit, allow_large, memid);
}
}
void* _mi_arena_alloc(size_t size, bool commit, bool allow_large, mi_arena_id_t req_arena_id, mi_memid_t* memid)
{
return _mi_arena_alloc_aligned(size, MI_ARENA_BLOCK_SIZE, 0, commit, allow_large, req_arena_id, memid);
}
void* mi_arena_area(mi_arena_id_t arena_id, size_t* size) {
if (size != NULL) *size = 0;
size_t arena_index = mi_arena_id_index(arena_id);
if (arena_index >= MI_MAX_ARENAS) return NULL;
mi_arena_t* arena = mi_atomic_load_ptr_acquire(mi_arena_t, &mi_arenas[arena_index]);
if (arena == NULL) return NULL;
if (size != NULL) { *size = mi_arena_block_size(arena->block_count); }
return arena->start;
}
/* -----------------------------------------------------------
Arena purge
----------------------------------------------------------- */
static long mi_arena_purge_delay(void) {
// <0 = no purging allowed, 0=immediate purging, >0=milli-second delay
return (mi_option_get(mi_option_purge_delay) * mi_option_get(mi_option_arena_purge_mult));
}
// reset or decommit in an arena and update the committed/decommit bitmaps
// assumes we own the area (i.e. blocks_in_use is claimed by us)
static void mi_arena_purge(mi_arena_t* arena, size_t bitmap_idx, size_t blocks) {
mi_assert_internal(arena->blocks_committed != NULL);
mi_assert_internal(arena->blocks_purge != NULL);
mi_assert_internal(!arena->memid.is_pinned);
const size_t size = mi_arena_block_size(blocks);
void* const p = mi_arena_block_start(arena, bitmap_idx);
bool needs_recommit;
if (_mi_bitmap_is_claimed_across(arena->blocks_committed, arena->field_count, blocks, bitmap_idx)) {
// all blocks are committed, we can purge freely
needs_recommit = _mi_os_purge(p, size);
}
else {
// some blocks are not committed -- this can happen when a partially committed block is freed
// in `_mi_arena_free` and it is conservatively marked as uncommitted but still scheduled for a purge
// we need to ensure we do not try to reset (as that may be invalid for uncommitted memory),
// and also undo the decommit stats (as it was already adjusted)
mi_assert_internal(mi_option_is_enabled(mi_option_purge_decommits));
needs_recommit = _mi_os_purge_ex(p, size, false /* allow reset? */);
if (needs_recommit) { _mi_stat_increase(&_mi_stats_main.committed, size); }
}
// clear the purged blocks
_mi_bitmap_unclaim_across(arena->blocks_purge, arena->field_count, blocks, bitmap_idx);
// update committed bitmap
if (needs_recommit) {
_mi_bitmap_unclaim_across(arena->blocks_committed, arena->field_count, blocks, bitmap_idx);
}
}
// Schedule a purge. This is usually delayed to avoid repeated decommit/commit calls.
// Note: assumes we (still) own the area as we may purge immediately
static void mi_arena_schedule_purge(mi_arena_t* arena, size_t bitmap_idx, size_t blocks) {
mi_assert_internal(arena->blocks_purge != NULL);
const long delay = mi_arena_purge_delay();
if (delay < 0) return; // is purging allowed at all?
if (_mi_preloading() || delay == 0) {
// decommit directly
mi_arena_purge(arena, bitmap_idx, blocks);
}
else {
// schedule decommit
mi_msecs_t expire = mi_atomic_loadi64_relaxed(&arena->purge_expire);
if (expire != 0) {
mi_atomic_addi64_acq_rel(&arena->purge_expire, (mi_msecs_t)(delay/10)); // add smallish extra delay
}
else {
mi_atomic_storei64_release(&arena->purge_expire, _mi_clock_now() + delay);
}
_mi_bitmap_claim_across(arena->blocks_purge, arena->field_count, blocks, bitmap_idx, NULL);
}
}
// purge a range of blocks
// return true if the full range was purged.
// assumes we own the area (i.e. blocks_in_use is claimed by us)
static bool mi_arena_purge_range(mi_arena_t* arena, size_t idx, size_t startidx, size_t bitlen, size_t purge) {
const size_t endidx = startidx + bitlen;
size_t bitidx = startidx;
bool all_purged = false;
while (bitidx < endidx) {
// count consecutive ones in the purge mask
size_t count = 0;
while (bitidx + count < endidx && (purge & ((size_t)1 << (bitidx + count))) != 0) {
count++;
}
if (count > 0) {
// found range to be purged
const mi_bitmap_index_t range_idx = mi_bitmap_index_create(idx, bitidx);
mi_arena_purge(arena, range_idx, count);
if (count == bitlen) {
all_purged = true;
}
}
bitidx += (count+1); // +1 to skip the zero bit (or end)
}
return all_purged;
}
// returns true if anything was purged
static bool mi_arena_try_purge(mi_arena_t* arena, mi_msecs_t now, bool force)
{
if (arena->memid.is_pinned || arena->blocks_purge == NULL) return false;
mi_msecs_t expire = mi_atomic_loadi64_relaxed(&arena->purge_expire);
if (expire == 0) return false;
if (!force && expire > now) return false;
// reset expire (if not already set concurrently)
mi_atomic_casi64_strong_acq_rel(&arena->purge_expire, &expire, (mi_msecs_t)0);
// potential purges scheduled, walk through the bitmap
bool any_purged = false;
bool full_purge = true;
for (size_t i = 0; i < arena->field_count; i++) {
size_t purge = mi_atomic_load_relaxed(&arena->blocks_purge[i]);
if (purge != 0) {
size_t bitidx = 0;
while (bitidx < MI_BITMAP_FIELD_BITS) {
// find consecutive range of ones in the purge mask
size_t bitlen = 0;
while (bitidx + bitlen < MI_BITMAP_FIELD_BITS && (purge & ((size_t)1 << (bitidx + bitlen))) != 0) {
bitlen++;
}
// temporarily claim the purge range as "in-use" to be thread-safe with allocation
// try to claim the longest range of corresponding in_use bits
const mi_bitmap_index_t bitmap_index = mi_bitmap_index_create(i, bitidx);
while( bitlen > 0 ) {
if (_mi_bitmap_try_claim(arena->blocks_inuse, arena->field_count, bitlen, bitmap_index)) {
break;
}
bitlen--;
}
// actual claimed bits at `in_use`
if (bitlen > 0) {
// read purge again now that we have the in_use bits
purge = mi_atomic_load_acquire(&arena->blocks_purge[i]);
if (!mi_arena_purge_range(arena, i, bitidx, bitlen, purge)) {
full_purge = false;
}
any_purged = true;
// release the claimed `in_use` bits again
_mi_bitmap_unclaim(arena->blocks_inuse, arena->field_count, bitlen, bitmap_index);
}
bitidx += (bitlen+1); // +1 to skip the zero (or end)
} // while bitidx
} // purge != 0
}
// if not fully purged, make sure to purge again in the future
if (!full_purge) {
const long delay = mi_arena_purge_delay();
mi_msecs_t expected = 0;
mi_atomic_casi64_strong_acq_rel(&arena->purge_expire,&expected,_mi_clock_now() + delay);
}
return any_purged;
}
static void mi_arenas_try_purge( bool force, bool visit_all ) {
if (_mi_preloading() || mi_arena_purge_delay() <= 0) return; // nothing will be scheduled
const size_t max_arena = mi_atomic_load_acquire(&mi_arena_count);
if (max_arena == 0) return;
// allow only one thread to purge at a time
static mi_atomic_guard_t purge_guard;
mi_atomic_guard(&purge_guard)
{
mi_msecs_t now = _mi_clock_now();
size_t max_purge_count = (visit_all ? max_arena : 1);
for (size_t i = 0; i < max_arena; i++) {
mi_arena_t* arena = mi_atomic_load_ptr_acquire(mi_arena_t, &mi_arenas[i]);
if (arena != NULL) {
if (mi_arena_try_purge(arena, now, force)) {
if (max_purge_count <= 1) break;
max_purge_count--;
}
}
}
}
}
/* -----------------------------------------------------------
Arena free
----------------------------------------------------------- */
void _mi_arena_free(void* p, size_t size, size_t committed_size, mi_memid_t memid) {
mi_assert_internal(size > 0);
mi_assert_internal(committed_size <= size);
if (p==NULL) return;
if (size==0) return;
const bool all_committed = (committed_size == size);
// need to set all memory to undefined as some parts may still be marked as no_access (like padding etc.)
mi_track_mem_undefined(p,size);
if (mi_memkind_is_os(memid.memkind)) {
// was a direct OS allocation, pass through
if (!all_committed && committed_size > 0) {
// if partially committed, adjust the committed stats (as `_mi_os_free` will increase decommit by the full size)
_mi_stat_decrease(&_mi_stats_main.committed, committed_size);
}
_mi_os_free(p, size, memid);
}
else if (memid.memkind == MI_MEM_ARENA) {
// allocated in an arena
size_t arena_idx;
size_t bitmap_idx;
mi_arena_memid_indices(memid, &arena_idx, &bitmap_idx);
mi_assert_internal(arena_idx < MI_MAX_ARENAS);
mi_arena_t* arena = mi_atomic_load_ptr_acquire(mi_arena_t,&mi_arenas[arena_idx]);
mi_assert_internal(arena != NULL);
const size_t blocks = mi_block_count_of_size(size);
// checks
if (arena == NULL) {
_mi_error_message(EINVAL, "trying to free from an invalid arena: %p, size %zu, memid: 0x%zx\n", p, size, memid);
return;
}
mi_assert_internal(arena->field_count > mi_bitmap_index_field(bitmap_idx));
if (arena->field_count <= mi_bitmap_index_field(bitmap_idx)) {
_mi_error_message(EINVAL, "trying to free from an invalid arena block: %p, size %zu, memid: 0x%zx\n", p, size, memid);
return;
}
// potentially decommit
if (arena->memid.is_pinned || arena->blocks_committed == NULL) {
mi_assert_internal(all_committed);
}
else {
mi_assert_internal(arena->blocks_committed != NULL);
mi_assert_internal(arena->blocks_purge != NULL);
if (!all_committed) {
// mark the entire range as no longer committed (so we recommit the full range when re-using)
_mi_bitmap_unclaim_across(arena->blocks_committed, arena->field_count, blocks, bitmap_idx);
mi_track_mem_noaccess(p,size);
if (committed_size > 0) {
// if partially committed, adjust the committed stats (is it will be recommitted when re-using)
// in the delayed purge, we now need to not count a decommit if the range is not marked as committed.
_mi_stat_decrease(&_mi_stats_main.committed, committed_size);
}
// note: if not all committed, it may be that the purge will reset/decommit the entire range
// that contains already decommitted parts. Since purge consistently uses reset or decommit that
// works (as we should never reset decommitted parts).
}
// (delay) purge the entire range
mi_arena_schedule_purge(arena, bitmap_idx, blocks);
}
// and make it available to others again
bool all_inuse = _mi_bitmap_unclaim_across(arena->blocks_inuse, arena->field_count, blocks, bitmap_idx);
if (!all_inuse) {
_mi_error_message(EAGAIN, "trying to free an already freed arena block: %p, size %zu\n", p, size);
return;
};
}
else {
// arena was none, external, or static; nothing to do
mi_assert_internal(memid.memkind < MI_MEM_OS);
}
// purge expired decommits
mi_arenas_try_purge(false, false);
}
// destroy owned arenas; this is unsafe and should only be done using `mi_option_destroy_on_exit`
// for dynamic libraries that are unloaded and need to release all their allocated memory.
static void mi_arenas_unsafe_destroy(void) {
const size_t max_arena = mi_atomic_load_relaxed(&mi_arena_count);
size_t new_max_arena = 0;
for (size_t i = 0; i < max_arena; i++) {
mi_arena_t* arena = mi_atomic_load_ptr_acquire(mi_arena_t, &mi_arenas[i]);
if (arena != NULL) {
mi_lock_done(&arena->abandoned_visit_lock);
if (arena->start != NULL && mi_memkind_is_os(arena->memid.memkind)) {
mi_atomic_store_ptr_release(mi_arena_t, &mi_arenas[i], NULL);
_mi_os_free(arena->start, mi_arena_size(arena), arena->memid);
}
else {
new_max_arena = i;
}
_mi_arena_meta_free(arena, arena->meta_memid, arena->meta_size);
}
}
// try to lower the max arena.
size_t expected = max_arena;
mi_atomic_cas_strong_acq_rel(&mi_arena_count, &expected, new_max_arena);
}
// Purge the arenas; if `force_purge` is true, amenable parts are purged even if not yet expired
void _mi_arenas_collect(bool force_purge) {
mi_arenas_try_purge(force_purge, force_purge /* visit all? */);
}
// destroy owned arenas; this is unsafe and should only be done using `mi_option_destroy_on_exit`
// for dynamic libraries that are unloaded and need to release all their allocated memory.
void _mi_arena_unsafe_destroy_all(void) {
mi_arenas_unsafe_destroy();
_mi_arenas_collect(true /* force purge */); // purge non-owned arenas
}
// Is a pointer inside any of our arenas?
bool _mi_arena_contains(const void* p) {
const size_t max_arena = mi_atomic_load_relaxed(&mi_arena_count);
for (size_t i = 0; i < max_arena; i++) {
mi_arena_t* arena = mi_atomic_load_ptr_relaxed(mi_arena_t, &mi_arenas[i]);
if (arena != NULL && arena->start <= (const uint8_t*)p && arena->start + mi_arena_block_size(arena->block_count) > (const uint8_t*)p) {
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
/* -----------------------------------------------------------
Add an arena.
----------------------------------------------------------- */
static bool mi_arena_add(mi_arena_t* arena, mi_arena_id_t* arena_id, mi_stats_t* stats) {
mi_assert_internal(arena != NULL);
mi_assert_internal((uintptr_t)mi_atomic_load_ptr_relaxed(uint8_t,&arena->start) % MI_SEGMENT_ALIGN == 0);
mi_assert_internal(arena->block_count > 0);
if (arena_id != NULL) { *arena_id = -1; }
size_t i = mi_atomic_increment_acq_rel(&mi_arena_count);
if (i >= MI_MAX_ARENAS) {
mi_atomic_decrement_acq_rel(&mi_arena_count);
return false;
}
_mi_stat_counter_increase(&stats->arena_count,1);
arena->id = mi_arena_id_create(i);
mi_atomic_store_ptr_release(mi_arena_t,&mi_arenas[i], arena);
if (arena_id != NULL) { *arena_id = arena->id; }
return true;
}
static bool mi_manage_os_memory_ex2(void* start, size_t size, bool is_large, int numa_node, bool exclusive, mi_memid_t memid, mi_arena_id_t* arena_id) mi_attr_noexcept
{
if (arena_id != NULL) *arena_id = _mi_arena_id_none();
if (size < MI_ARENA_BLOCK_SIZE) return false;
if (is_large) {
mi_assert_internal(memid.initially_committed && memid.is_pinned);
}
const size_t bcount = size / MI_ARENA_BLOCK_SIZE;
const size_t fields = _mi_divide_up(bcount, MI_BITMAP_FIELD_BITS);
const size_t bitmaps = (memid.is_pinned ? 3 : 5);
const size_t asize = sizeof(mi_arena_t) + (bitmaps*fields*sizeof(mi_bitmap_field_t));
mi_memid_t meta_memid;
mi_arena_t* arena = (mi_arena_t*)_mi_arena_meta_zalloc(asize, &meta_memid);
if (arena == NULL) return false;
// already zero'd due to zalloc
// _mi_memzero(arena, asize);
arena->id = _mi_arena_id_none();
arena->memid = memid;
arena->exclusive = exclusive;
arena->meta_size = asize;
arena->meta_memid = meta_memid;
arena->block_count = bcount;
arena->field_count = fields;
arena->start = (uint8_t*)start;
arena->numa_node = numa_node; // TODO: or get the current numa node if -1? (now it allows anyone to allocate on -1)
arena->is_large = is_large;
arena->purge_expire = 0;
arena->search_idx = 0;
mi_lock_init(&arena->abandoned_visit_lock);
// consecutive bitmaps
arena->blocks_dirty = &arena->blocks_inuse[fields]; // just after inuse bitmap
arena->blocks_abandoned = &arena->blocks_inuse[2 * fields]; // just after dirty bitmap
arena->blocks_committed = (arena->memid.is_pinned ? NULL : &arena->blocks_inuse[3*fields]); // just after abandoned bitmap
arena->blocks_purge = (arena->memid.is_pinned ? NULL : &arena->blocks_inuse[4*fields]); // just after committed bitmap
// initialize committed bitmap?
if (arena->blocks_committed != NULL && arena->memid.initially_committed) {
memset((void*)arena->blocks_committed, 0xFF, fields*sizeof(mi_bitmap_field_t)); // cast to void* to avoid atomic warning
}
// and claim leftover blocks if needed (so we never allocate there)
ptrdiff_t post = (fields * MI_BITMAP_FIELD_BITS) - bcount;
mi_assert_internal(post >= 0);
if (post > 0) {
// don't use leftover bits at the end
mi_bitmap_index_t postidx = mi_bitmap_index_create(fields - 1, MI_BITMAP_FIELD_BITS - post);
_mi_bitmap_claim(arena->blocks_inuse, fields, post, postidx, NULL);
}
return mi_arena_add(arena, arena_id, &_mi_stats_main);
}
bool mi_manage_os_memory_ex(void* start, size_t size, bool is_committed, bool is_large, bool is_zero, int numa_node, bool exclusive, mi_arena_id_t* arena_id) mi_attr_noexcept {
mi_memid_t memid = _mi_memid_create(MI_MEM_EXTERNAL);
memid.initially_committed = is_committed;
memid.initially_zero = is_zero;
memid.is_pinned = is_large;
return mi_manage_os_memory_ex2(start,size,is_large,numa_node,exclusive,memid, arena_id);
}
// Reserve a range of regular OS memory
int mi_reserve_os_memory_ex(size_t size, bool commit, bool allow_large, bool exclusive, mi_arena_id_t* arena_id) mi_attr_noexcept {
if (arena_id != NULL) *arena_id = _mi_arena_id_none();
size = _mi_align_up(size, MI_ARENA_BLOCK_SIZE); // at least one block
mi_memid_t memid;
void* start = _mi_os_alloc_aligned(size, MI_SEGMENT_ALIGN, commit, allow_large, &memid);
if (start == NULL) return ENOMEM;
const bool is_large = memid.is_pinned; // todo: use separate is_large field?
if (!mi_manage_os_memory_ex2(start, size, is_large, -1 /* numa node */, exclusive, memid, arena_id)) {
_mi_os_free_ex(start, size, commit, memid);
_mi_verbose_message("failed to reserve %zu KiB memory\n", _mi_divide_up(size, 1024));
return ENOMEM;
}
_mi_verbose_message("reserved %zu KiB memory%s\n", _mi_divide_up(size, 1024), is_large ? " (in large os pages)" : "");
return 0;
}
// Manage a range of regular OS memory
bool mi_manage_os_memory(void* start, size_t size, bool is_committed, bool is_large, bool is_zero, int numa_node) mi_attr_noexcept {
return mi_manage_os_memory_ex(start, size, is_committed, is_large, is_zero, numa_node, false /* exclusive? */, NULL);
}
// Reserve a range of regular OS memory
int mi_reserve_os_memory(size_t size, bool commit, bool allow_large) mi_attr_noexcept {
return mi_reserve_os_memory_ex(size, commit, allow_large, false, NULL);
}
/* -----------------------------------------------------------
Debugging
----------------------------------------------------------- */
static size_t mi_debug_show_bitmap(const char* prefix, const char* header, size_t block_count, mi_bitmap_field_t* fields, size_t field_count ) {
_mi_verbose_message("%s%s:\n", prefix, header);
size_t bcount = 0;
size_t inuse_count = 0;
for (size_t i = 0; i < field_count; i++) {
char buf[MI_BITMAP_FIELD_BITS + 1];
uintptr_t field = mi_atomic_load_relaxed(&fields[i]);
for (size_t bit = 0; bit < MI_BITMAP_FIELD_BITS; bit++, bcount++) {
if (bcount < block_count) {
bool inuse = ((((uintptr_t)1 << bit) & field) != 0);
if (inuse) inuse_count++;
buf[bit] = (inuse ? 'x' : '.');
}
else {
buf[bit] = ' ';
}
}
buf[MI_BITMAP_FIELD_BITS] = 0;
_mi_verbose_message("%s %s\n", prefix, buf);
}
_mi_verbose_message("%s total ('x'): %zu\n", prefix, inuse_count);
return inuse_count;
}
void mi_debug_show_arenas(bool show_inuse, bool show_abandoned, bool show_purge) mi_attr_noexcept {
size_t max_arenas = mi_atomic_load_relaxed(&mi_arena_count);
size_t inuse_total = 0;
size_t abandoned_total = 0;
size_t purge_total = 0;
for (size_t i = 0; i < max_arenas; i++) {
mi_arena_t* arena = mi_atomic_load_ptr_relaxed(mi_arena_t, &mi_arenas[i]);
if (arena == NULL) break;
_mi_verbose_message("arena %zu: %zu blocks of size %zuMiB (in %zu fields) %s\n", i, arena->block_count, MI_ARENA_BLOCK_SIZE / MI_MiB, arena->field_count, (arena->memid.is_pinned ? ", pinned" : ""));
if (show_inuse) {
inuse_total += mi_debug_show_bitmap(" ", "inuse blocks", arena->block_count, arena->blocks_inuse, arena->field_count);
}
if (arena->blocks_committed != NULL) {
mi_debug_show_bitmap(" ", "committed blocks", arena->block_count, arena->blocks_committed, arena->field_count);
}
if (show_abandoned) {
abandoned_total += mi_debug_show_bitmap(" ", "abandoned blocks", arena->block_count, arena->blocks_abandoned, arena->field_count);
}
if (show_purge && arena->blocks_purge != NULL) {
purge_total += mi_debug_show_bitmap(" ", "purgeable blocks", arena->block_count, arena->blocks_purge, arena->field_count);
}
}
if (show_inuse) _mi_verbose_message("total inuse blocks : %zu\n", inuse_total);
if (show_abandoned) _mi_verbose_message("total abandoned blocks: %zu\n", abandoned_total);
if (show_purge) _mi_verbose_message("total purgeable blocks: %zu\n", purge_total);
}
/* -----------------------------------------------------------
Reserve a huge page arena.
----------------------------------------------------------- */
// reserve at a specific numa node
int mi_reserve_huge_os_pages_at_ex(size_t pages, int numa_node, size_t timeout_msecs, bool exclusive, mi_arena_id_t* arena_id) mi_attr_noexcept {
if (arena_id != NULL) *arena_id = -1;
if (pages==0) return 0;
if (numa_node < -1) numa_node = -1;
if (numa_node >= 0) numa_node = numa_node % _mi_os_numa_node_count();
size_t hsize = 0;
size_t pages_reserved = 0;
mi_memid_t memid;
void* p = _mi_os_alloc_huge_os_pages(pages, numa_node, timeout_msecs, &pages_reserved, &hsize, &memid);
if (p==NULL || pages_reserved==0) {
_mi_warning_message("failed to reserve %zu GiB huge pages\n", pages);
return ENOMEM;
}
_mi_verbose_message("numa node %i: reserved %zu GiB huge pages (of the %zu GiB requested)\n", numa_node, pages_reserved, pages);
if (!mi_manage_os_memory_ex2(p, hsize, true, numa_node, exclusive, memid, arena_id)) {
_mi_os_free(p, hsize, memid);
return ENOMEM;
}
return 0;
}
int mi_reserve_huge_os_pages_at(size_t pages, int numa_node, size_t timeout_msecs) mi_attr_noexcept {
return mi_reserve_huge_os_pages_at_ex(pages, numa_node, timeout_msecs, false, NULL);
}
// reserve huge pages evenly among the given number of numa nodes (or use the available ones as detected)
int mi_reserve_huge_os_pages_interleave(size_t pages, size_t numa_nodes, size_t timeout_msecs) mi_attr_noexcept {
if (pages == 0) return 0;
// pages per numa node
size_t numa_count = (numa_nodes > 0 ? numa_nodes : _mi_os_numa_node_count());
if (numa_count <= 0) numa_count = 1;
const size_t pages_per = pages / numa_count;
const size_t pages_mod = pages % numa_count;
const size_t timeout_per = (timeout_msecs==0 ? 0 : (timeout_msecs / numa_count) + 50);
// reserve evenly among numa nodes
for (size_t numa_node = 0; numa_node < numa_count && pages > 0; numa_node++) {
size_t node_pages = pages_per; // can be 0
if (numa_node < pages_mod) node_pages++;
int err = mi_reserve_huge_os_pages_at(node_pages, (int)numa_node, timeout_per);
if (err) return err;
if (pages < node_pages) {
pages = 0;
}
else {
pages -= node_pages;
}
}
return 0;
}
int mi_reserve_huge_os_pages(size_t pages, double max_secs, size_t* pages_reserved) mi_attr_noexcept {
MI_UNUSED(max_secs);
_mi_warning_message("mi_reserve_huge_os_pages is deprecated: use mi_reserve_huge_os_pages_interleave/at instead\n");
if (pages_reserved != NULL) *pages_reserved = 0;
int err = mi_reserve_huge_os_pages_interleave(pages, 0, (size_t)(max_secs * 1000.0));
if (err==0 && pages_reserved!=NULL) *pages_reserved = pages;
return err;
}

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/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Copyright (c) 2019-2023 Microsoft Research, Daan Leijen
This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
terms of the MIT license. A copy of the license can be found in the file
"LICENSE" at the root of this distribution.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Concurrent bitmap that can set/reset sequences of bits atomically,
represented as an array of fields where each field is a machine word (`size_t`)
There are two api's; the standard one cannot have sequences that cross
between the bitmap fields (and a sequence must be <= MI_BITMAP_FIELD_BITS).
The `_across` postfixed functions do allow sequences that can cross over
between the fields. (This is used in arena allocation)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
#include "mimalloc.h"
#include "mimalloc/internal.h"
#include "bitmap.h"
/* -----------------------------------------------------------
Bitmap definition
----------------------------------------------------------- */
// The bit mask for a given number of blocks at a specified bit index.
static inline size_t mi_bitmap_mask_(size_t count, size_t bitidx) {
mi_assert_internal(count + bitidx <= MI_BITMAP_FIELD_BITS);
mi_assert_internal(count > 0);
if (count >= MI_BITMAP_FIELD_BITS) return MI_BITMAP_FIELD_FULL;
if (count == 0) return 0;
return ((((size_t)1 << count) - 1) << bitidx);
}
/* -----------------------------------------------------------
Claim a bit sequence atomically
----------------------------------------------------------- */
// Try to atomically claim a sequence of `count` bits in a single
// field at `idx` in `bitmap`. Returns `true` on success.
bool _mi_bitmap_try_find_claim_field(mi_bitmap_t bitmap, size_t idx, const size_t count, mi_bitmap_index_t* bitmap_idx)
{
mi_assert_internal(bitmap_idx != NULL);
mi_assert_internal(count <= MI_BITMAP_FIELD_BITS);
mi_bitmap_field_t* field = &bitmap[idx];
size_t map = mi_atomic_load_relaxed(field);
if (map==MI_BITMAP_FIELD_FULL) return false; // short cut
// search for 0-bit sequence of length count
const size_t mask = mi_bitmap_mask_(count, 0);
const size_t bitidx_max = MI_BITMAP_FIELD_BITS - count;
#ifdef MI_HAVE_FAST_BITSCAN
size_t bitidx = mi_ctz(~map); // quickly find the first zero bit if possible
#else
size_t bitidx = 0; // otherwise start at 0
#endif
size_t m = (mask << bitidx); // invariant: m == mask shifted by bitidx
// scan linearly for a free range of zero bits
while (bitidx <= bitidx_max) {
const size_t mapm = (map & m);
if (mapm == 0) { // are the mask bits free at bitidx?
mi_assert_internal((m >> bitidx) == mask); // no overflow?
const size_t newmap = (map | m);
mi_assert_internal((newmap^map) >> bitidx == mask);
if (!mi_atomic_cas_strong_acq_rel(field, &map, newmap)) { // TODO: use weak cas here?
// no success, another thread claimed concurrently.. keep going (with updated `map`)
continue;
}
else {
// success, we claimed the bits!
*bitmap_idx = mi_bitmap_index_create(idx, bitidx);
return true;
}
}
else {
// on to the next bit range
#ifdef MI_HAVE_FAST_BITSCAN
mi_assert_internal(mapm != 0);
const size_t shift = (count == 1 ? 1 : (MI_INTPTR_BITS - mi_clz(mapm) - bitidx));
mi_assert_internal(shift > 0 && shift <= count);
#else
const size_t shift = 1;
#endif
bitidx += shift;
m <<= shift;
}
}
// no bits found
return false;
}
// Starts at idx, and wraps around to search in all `bitmap_fields` fields.
// For now, `count` can be at most MI_BITMAP_FIELD_BITS and will never cross fields.
bool _mi_bitmap_try_find_from_claim(mi_bitmap_t bitmap, const size_t bitmap_fields, const size_t start_field_idx, const size_t count, mi_bitmap_index_t* bitmap_idx) {
size_t idx = start_field_idx;
for (size_t visited = 0; visited < bitmap_fields; visited++, idx++) {
if (idx >= bitmap_fields) { idx = 0; } // wrap
if (_mi_bitmap_try_find_claim_field(bitmap, idx, count, bitmap_idx)) {
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
// Set `count` bits at `bitmap_idx` to 0 atomically
// Returns `true` if all `count` bits were 1 previously.
bool _mi_bitmap_unclaim(mi_bitmap_t bitmap, size_t bitmap_fields, size_t count, mi_bitmap_index_t bitmap_idx) {
const size_t idx = mi_bitmap_index_field(bitmap_idx);
const size_t bitidx = mi_bitmap_index_bit_in_field(bitmap_idx);
const size_t mask = mi_bitmap_mask_(count, bitidx);
mi_assert_internal(bitmap_fields > idx); MI_UNUSED(bitmap_fields);
// mi_assert_internal((bitmap[idx] & mask) == mask);
const size_t prev = mi_atomic_and_acq_rel(&bitmap[idx], ~mask);
return ((prev & mask) == mask);
}
// Set `count` bits at `bitmap_idx` to 1 atomically
// Returns `true` if all `count` bits were 0 previously. `any_zero` is `true` if there was at least one zero bit.
bool _mi_bitmap_claim(mi_bitmap_t bitmap, size_t bitmap_fields, size_t count, mi_bitmap_index_t bitmap_idx, bool* any_zero) {
const size_t idx = mi_bitmap_index_field(bitmap_idx);
const size_t bitidx = mi_bitmap_index_bit_in_field(bitmap_idx);
const size_t mask = mi_bitmap_mask_(count, bitidx);
mi_assert_internal(bitmap_fields > idx); MI_UNUSED(bitmap_fields);
//mi_assert_internal(any_zero != NULL || (bitmap[idx] & mask) == 0);
size_t prev = mi_atomic_or_acq_rel(&bitmap[idx], mask);
if (any_zero != NULL) { *any_zero = ((prev & mask) != mask); }
return ((prev & mask) == 0);
}
// Returns `true` if all `count` bits were 1. `any_ones` is `true` if there was at least one bit set to one.
static bool mi_bitmap_is_claimedx(mi_bitmap_t bitmap, size_t bitmap_fields, size_t count, mi_bitmap_index_t bitmap_idx, bool* any_ones) {
const size_t idx = mi_bitmap_index_field(bitmap_idx);
const size_t bitidx = mi_bitmap_index_bit_in_field(bitmap_idx);
const size_t mask = mi_bitmap_mask_(count, bitidx);
mi_assert_internal(bitmap_fields > idx); MI_UNUSED(bitmap_fields);
const size_t field = mi_atomic_load_relaxed(&bitmap[idx]);
if (any_ones != NULL) { *any_ones = ((field & mask) != 0); }
return ((field & mask) == mask);
}
// Try to set `count` bits at `bitmap_idx` from 0 to 1 atomically.
// Returns `true` if successful when all previous `count` bits were 0.
bool _mi_bitmap_try_claim(mi_bitmap_t bitmap, size_t bitmap_fields, size_t count, mi_bitmap_index_t bitmap_idx) {
const size_t idx = mi_bitmap_index_field(bitmap_idx);
const size_t bitidx = mi_bitmap_index_bit_in_field(bitmap_idx);
const size_t mask = mi_bitmap_mask_(count, bitidx);
mi_assert_internal(bitmap_fields > idx); MI_UNUSED(bitmap_fields);
size_t expected = mi_atomic_load_relaxed(&bitmap[idx]);
do {
if ((expected & mask) != 0) return false;
}
while (!mi_atomic_cas_strong_acq_rel(&bitmap[idx], &expected, expected | mask));
mi_assert_internal((expected & mask) == 0);
return true;
}
bool _mi_bitmap_is_claimed(mi_bitmap_t bitmap, size_t bitmap_fields, size_t count, mi_bitmap_index_t bitmap_idx) {
return mi_bitmap_is_claimedx(bitmap, bitmap_fields, count, bitmap_idx, NULL);
}
bool _mi_bitmap_is_any_claimed(mi_bitmap_t bitmap, size_t bitmap_fields, size_t count, mi_bitmap_index_t bitmap_idx) {
bool any_ones;
mi_bitmap_is_claimedx(bitmap, bitmap_fields, count, bitmap_idx, &any_ones);
return any_ones;
}
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------
// the `_across` functions work on bitmaps where sequences can cross over
// between the fields. This is used in arena allocation
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Try to atomically claim a sequence of `count` bits starting from the field
// at `idx` in `bitmap` and crossing into subsequent fields. Returns `true` on success.
// Only needs to consider crossing into the next fields (see `mi_bitmap_try_find_from_claim_across`)
static bool mi_bitmap_try_find_claim_field_across(mi_bitmap_t bitmap, size_t bitmap_fields, size_t idx, const size_t count, const size_t retries, mi_bitmap_index_t* bitmap_idx)
{
mi_assert_internal(bitmap_idx != NULL);
// check initial trailing zeros
mi_bitmap_field_t* field = &bitmap[idx];
size_t map = mi_atomic_load_relaxed(field);
const size_t initial = mi_clz(map); // count of initial zeros starting at idx
mi_assert_internal(initial <= MI_BITMAP_FIELD_BITS);
if (initial == 0) return false;
if (initial >= count) return _mi_bitmap_try_find_claim_field(bitmap, idx, count, bitmap_idx); // no need to cross fields (this case won't happen for us)
if (_mi_divide_up(count - initial, MI_BITMAP_FIELD_BITS) >= (bitmap_fields - idx)) return false; // not enough entries
// scan ahead
size_t found = initial;
size_t mask = 0; // mask bits for the final field
while(found < count) {
field++;
map = mi_atomic_load_relaxed(field);
const size_t mask_bits = (found + MI_BITMAP_FIELD_BITS <= count ? MI_BITMAP_FIELD_BITS : (count - found));
mi_assert_internal(mask_bits > 0 && mask_bits <= MI_BITMAP_FIELD_BITS);
mask = mi_bitmap_mask_(mask_bits, 0);
if ((map & mask) != 0) return false; // some part is already claimed
found += mask_bits;
}
mi_assert_internal(field < &bitmap[bitmap_fields]);
// we found a range of contiguous zeros up to the final field; mask contains mask in the final field
// now try to claim the range atomically
mi_bitmap_field_t* const final_field = field;
const size_t final_mask = mask;
mi_bitmap_field_t* const initial_field = &bitmap[idx];
const size_t initial_idx = MI_BITMAP_FIELD_BITS - initial;
const size_t initial_mask = mi_bitmap_mask_(initial, initial_idx);
// initial field
size_t newmap;
field = initial_field;
map = mi_atomic_load_relaxed(field);
do {
newmap = (map | initial_mask);
if ((map & initial_mask) != 0) { goto rollback; };
} while (!mi_atomic_cas_strong_acq_rel(field, &map, newmap));
// intermediate fields
while (++field < final_field) {
newmap = mi_bitmap_mask_(MI_BITMAP_FIELD_BITS, 0);
map = 0;
if (!mi_atomic_cas_strong_acq_rel(field, &map, newmap)) { goto rollback; }
}
// final field
mi_assert_internal(field == final_field);
map = mi_atomic_load_relaxed(field);
do {
newmap = (map | final_mask);
if ((map & final_mask) != 0) { goto rollback; }
} while (!mi_atomic_cas_strong_acq_rel(field, &map, newmap));
// claimed!
mi_stat_counter_increase(_mi_stats_main.arena_crossover_count,1);
*bitmap_idx = mi_bitmap_index_create(idx, initial_idx);
return true;
rollback:
// roll back intermediate fields
// (we just failed to claim `field` so decrement first)
while (--field > initial_field) {
newmap = 0;
map = mi_bitmap_mask_(MI_BITMAP_FIELD_BITS, 0);
mi_assert_internal(mi_atomic_load_relaxed(field) == map);
mi_atomic_store_release(field, newmap);
}
if (field == initial_field) { // (if we failed on the initial field, `field + 1 == initial_field`)
map = mi_atomic_load_relaxed(field);
do {
mi_assert_internal((map & initial_mask) == initial_mask);
newmap = (map & ~initial_mask);
} while (!mi_atomic_cas_strong_acq_rel(field, &map, newmap));
}
mi_stat_counter_increase(_mi_stats_main.arena_rollback_count,1);
// retry? (we make a recursive call instead of goto to be able to use const declarations)
if (retries <= 2) {
return mi_bitmap_try_find_claim_field_across(bitmap, bitmap_fields, idx, count, retries+1, bitmap_idx);
}
else {
return false;
}
}
// Find `count` bits of zeros and set them to 1 atomically; returns `true` on success.
// Starts at idx, and wraps around to search in all `bitmap_fields` fields.
bool _mi_bitmap_try_find_from_claim_across(mi_bitmap_t bitmap, const size_t bitmap_fields, const size_t start_field_idx, const size_t count, mi_bitmap_index_t* bitmap_idx) {
mi_assert_internal(count > 0);
if (count <= 2) {
// we don't bother with crossover fields for small counts
return _mi_bitmap_try_find_from_claim(bitmap, bitmap_fields, start_field_idx, count, bitmap_idx);
}
// visit the fields
size_t idx = start_field_idx;
for (size_t visited = 0; visited < bitmap_fields; visited++, idx++) {
if (idx >= bitmap_fields) { idx = 0; } // wrap
// first try to claim inside a field
/*
if (count <= MI_BITMAP_FIELD_BITS) {
if (_mi_bitmap_try_find_claim_field(bitmap, idx, count, bitmap_idx)) {
return true;
}
}
*/
// if that fails, then try to claim across fields
if (mi_bitmap_try_find_claim_field_across(bitmap, bitmap_fields, idx, count, 0, bitmap_idx)) {
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
// Helper for masks across fields; returns the mid count, post_mask may be 0
static size_t mi_bitmap_mask_across(mi_bitmap_index_t bitmap_idx, size_t bitmap_fields, size_t count, size_t* pre_mask, size_t* mid_mask, size_t* post_mask) {
MI_UNUSED(bitmap_fields);
const size_t bitidx = mi_bitmap_index_bit_in_field(bitmap_idx);
if mi_likely(bitidx + count <= MI_BITMAP_FIELD_BITS) {
*pre_mask = mi_bitmap_mask_(count, bitidx);
*mid_mask = 0;
*post_mask = 0;
mi_assert_internal(mi_bitmap_index_field(bitmap_idx) < bitmap_fields);
return 0;
}
else {
const size_t pre_bits = MI_BITMAP_FIELD_BITS - bitidx;
mi_assert_internal(pre_bits < count);
*pre_mask = mi_bitmap_mask_(pre_bits, bitidx);
count -= pre_bits;
const size_t mid_count = (count / MI_BITMAP_FIELD_BITS);
*mid_mask = MI_BITMAP_FIELD_FULL;
count %= MI_BITMAP_FIELD_BITS;
*post_mask = (count==0 ? 0 : mi_bitmap_mask_(count, 0));
mi_assert_internal(mi_bitmap_index_field(bitmap_idx) + mid_count + (count==0 ? 0 : 1) < bitmap_fields);
return mid_count;
}
}
// Set `count` bits at `bitmap_idx` to 0 atomically
// Returns `true` if all `count` bits were 1 previously.
bool _mi_bitmap_unclaim_across(mi_bitmap_t bitmap, size_t bitmap_fields, size_t count, mi_bitmap_index_t bitmap_idx) {
size_t idx = mi_bitmap_index_field(bitmap_idx);
size_t pre_mask;
size_t mid_mask;
size_t post_mask;
size_t mid_count = mi_bitmap_mask_across(bitmap_idx, bitmap_fields, count, &pre_mask, &mid_mask, &post_mask);
bool all_one = true;
mi_bitmap_field_t* field = &bitmap[idx];
size_t prev = mi_atomic_and_acq_rel(field++, ~pre_mask); // clear first part
if ((prev & pre_mask) != pre_mask) all_one = false;
while(mid_count-- > 0) {
prev = mi_atomic_and_acq_rel(field++, ~mid_mask); // clear mid part
if ((prev & mid_mask) != mid_mask) all_one = false;
}
if (post_mask!=0) {
prev = mi_atomic_and_acq_rel(field, ~post_mask); // clear end part
if ((prev & post_mask) != post_mask) all_one = false;
}
return all_one;
}
// Set `count` bits at `bitmap_idx` to 1 atomically
// Returns `true` if all `count` bits were 0 previously. `any_zero` is `true` if there was at least one zero bit.
bool _mi_bitmap_claim_across(mi_bitmap_t bitmap, size_t bitmap_fields, size_t count, mi_bitmap_index_t bitmap_idx, bool* pany_zero) {
size_t idx = mi_bitmap_index_field(bitmap_idx);
size_t pre_mask;
size_t mid_mask;
size_t post_mask;
size_t mid_count = mi_bitmap_mask_across(bitmap_idx, bitmap_fields, count, &pre_mask, &mid_mask, &post_mask);
bool all_zero = true;
bool any_zero = false;
_Atomic(size_t)*field = &bitmap[idx];
size_t prev = mi_atomic_or_acq_rel(field++, pre_mask);
if ((prev & pre_mask) != 0) all_zero = false;
if ((prev & pre_mask) != pre_mask) any_zero = true;
while (mid_count-- > 0) {
prev = mi_atomic_or_acq_rel(field++, mid_mask);
if ((prev & mid_mask) != 0) all_zero = false;
if ((prev & mid_mask) != mid_mask) any_zero = true;
}
if (post_mask!=0) {
prev = mi_atomic_or_acq_rel(field, post_mask);
if ((prev & post_mask) != 0) all_zero = false;
if ((prev & post_mask) != post_mask) any_zero = true;
}
if (pany_zero != NULL) { *pany_zero = any_zero; }
return all_zero;
}
// Returns `true` if all `count` bits were 1.
// `any_ones` is `true` if there was at least one bit set to one.
static bool mi_bitmap_is_claimedx_across(mi_bitmap_t bitmap, size_t bitmap_fields, size_t count, mi_bitmap_index_t bitmap_idx, bool* pany_ones) {
size_t idx = mi_bitmap_index_field(bitmap_idx);
size_t pre_mask;
size_t mid_mask;
size_t post_mask;
size_t mid_count = mi_bitmap_mask_across(bitmap_idx, bitmap_fields, count, &pre_mask, &mid_mask, &post_mask);
bool all_ones = true;
bool any_ones = false;
mi_bitmap_field_t* field = &bitmap[idx];
size_t prev = mi_atomic_load_relaxed(field++);
if ((prev & pre_mask) != pre_mask) all_ones = false;
if ((prev & pre_mask) != 0) any_ones = true;
while (mid_count-- > 0) {
prev = mi_atomic_load_relaxed(field++);
if ((prev & mid_mask) != mid_mask) all_ones = false;
if ((prev & mid_mask) != 0) any_ones = true;
}
if (post_mask!=0) {
prev = mi_atomic_load_relaxed(field);
if ((prev & post_mask) != post_mask) all_ones = false;
if ((prev & post_mask) != 0) any_ones = true;
}
if (pany_ones != NULL) { *pany_ones = any_ones; }
return all_ones;
}
bool _mi_bitmap_is_claimed_across(mi_bitmap_t bitmap, size_t bitmap_fields, size_t count, mi_bitmap_index_t bitmap_idx) {
return mi_bitmap_is_claimedx_across(bitmap, bitmap_fields, count, bitmap_idx, NULL);
}
bool _mi_bitmap_is_any_claimed_across(mi_bitmap_t bitmap, size_t bitmap_fields, size_t count, mi_bitmap_index_t bitmap_idx) {
bool any_ones;
mi_bitmap_is_claimedx_across(bitmap, bitmap_fields, count, bitmap_idx, &any_ones);
return any_ones;
}

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/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Copyright (c) 2019-2023 Microsoft Research, Daan Leijen
This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
terms of the MIT license. A copy of the license can be found in the file
"LICENSE" at the root of this distribution.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Concurrent bitmap that can set/reset sequences of bits atomically,
represented as an array of fields where each field is a machine word (`size_t`)
There are two api's; the standard one cannot have sequences that cross
between the bitmap fields (and a sequence must be <= MI_BITMAP_FIELD_BITS).
(this is used in region allocation)
The `_across` postfixed functions do allow sequences that can cross over
between the fields. (This is used in arena allocation)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
#pragma once
#ifndef MI_BITMAP_H
#define MI_BITMAP_H
/* -----------------------------------------------------------
Bitmap definition
----------------------------------------------------------- */
#define MI_BITMAP_FIELD_BITS (8*MI_SIZE_SIZE)
#define MI_BITMAP_FIELD_FULL (~((size_t)0)) // all bits set
// An atomic bitmap of `size_t` fields
typedef _Atomic(size_t) mi_bitmap_field_t;
typedef mi_bitmap_field_t* mi_bitmap_t;
// A bitmap index is the index of the bit in a bitmap.
typedef size_t mi_bitmap_index_t;
// Create a bit index.
static inline mi_bitmap_index_t mi_bitmap_index_create_ex(size_t idx, size_t bitidx) {
mi_assert_internal(bitidx <= MI_BITMAP_FIELD_BITS);
return (idx*MI_BITMAP_FIELD_BITS) + bitidx;
}
static inline mi_bitmap_index_t mi_bitmap_index_create(size_t idx, size_t bitidx) {
mi_assert_internal(bitidx < MI_BITMAP_FIELD_BITS);
return mi_bitmap_index_create_ex(idx,bitidx);
}
// Get the field index from a bit index.
static inline size_t mi_bitmap_index_field(mi_bitmap_index_t bitmap_idx) {
return (bitmap_idx / MI_BITMAP_FIELD_BITS);
}
// Get the bit index in a bitmap field
static inline size_t mi_bitmap_index_bit_in_field(mi_bitmap_index_t bitmap_idx) {
return (bitmap_idx % MI_BITMAP_FIELD_BITS);
}
// Get the full bit index
static inline size_t mi_bitmap_index_bit(mi_bitmap_index_t bitmap_idx) {
return bitmap_idx;
}
/* -----------------------------------------------------------
Claim a bit sequence atomically
----------------------------------------------------------- */
// Try to atomically claim a sequence of `count` bits in a single
// field at `idx` in `bitmap`. Returns `true` on success.
bool _mi_bitmap_try_find_claim_field(mi_bitmap_t bitmap, size_t idx, const size_t count, mi_bitmap_index_t* bitmap_idx);
// Starts at idx, and wraps around to search in all `bitmap_fields` fields.
// For now, `count` can be at most MI_BITMAP_FIELD_BITS and will never cross fields.
bool _mi_bitmap_try_find_from_claim(mi_bitmap_t bitmap, const size_t bitmap_fields, const size_t start_field_idx, const size_t count, mi_bitmap_index_t* bitmap_idx);
// Set `count` bits at `bitmap_idx` to 0 atomically
// Returns `true` if all `count` bits were 1 previously.
bool _mi_bitmap_unclaim(mi_bitmap_t bitmap, size_t bitmap_fields, size_t count, mi_bitmap_index_t bitmap_idx);
// Try to set `count` bits at `bitmap_idx` from 0 to 1 atomically.
// Returns `true` if successful when all previous `count` bits were 0.
bool _mi_bitmap_try_claim(mi_bitmap_t bitmap, size_t bitmap_fields, size_t count, mi_bitmap_index_t bitmap_idx);
// Set `count` bits at `bitmap_idx` to 1 atomically
// Returns `true` if all `count` bits were 0 previously. `any_zero` is `true` if there was at least one zero bit.
bool _mi_bitmap_claim(mi_bitmap_t bitmap, size_t bitmap_fields, size_t count, mi_bitmap_index_t bitmap_idx, bool* any_zero);
bool _mi_bitmap_is_claimed(mi_bitmap_t bitmap, size_t bitmap_fields, size_t count, mi_bitmap_index_t bitmap_idx);
bool _mi_bitmap_is_any_claimed(mi_bitmap_t bitmap, size_t bitmap_fields, size_t count, mi_bitmap_index_t bitmap_idx);
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------
// the `_across` functions work on bitmaps where sequences can cross over
// between the fields. This is used in arena allocation
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Find `count` bits of zeros and set them to 1 atomically; returns `true` on success.
// Starts at idx, and wraps around to search in all `bitmap_fields` fields.
bool _mi_bitmap_try_find_from_claim_across(mi_bitmap_t bitmap, const size_t bitmap_fields, const size_t start_field_idx, const size_t count, mi_bitmap_index_t* bitmap_idx);
// Set `count` bits at `bitmap_idx` to 0 atomically
// Returns `true` if all `count` bits were 1 previously.
bool _mi_bitmap_unclaim_across(mi_bitmap_t bitmap, size_t bitmap_fields, size_t count, mi_bitmap_index_t bitmap_idx);
// Set `count` bits at `bitmap_idx` to 1 atomically
// Returns `true` if all `count` bits were 0 previously. `any_zero` is `true` if there was at least one zero bit.
bool _mi_bitmap_claim_across(mi_bitmap_t bitmap, size_t bitmap_fields, size_t count, mi_bitmap_index_t bitmap_idx, bool* pany_zero);
bool _mi_bitmap_is_claimed_across(mi_bitmap_t bitmap, size_t bitmap_fields, size_t count, mi_bitmap_index_t bitmap_idx);
bool _mi_bitmap_is_any_claimed_across(mi_bitmap_t bitmap, size_t bitmap_fields, size_t count, mi_bitmap_index_t bitmap_idx);
#endif

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/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Copyright (c) 2018-2024, Microsoft Research, Daan Leijen
This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
terms of the MIT license. A copy of the license can be found in the file
"LICENSE" at the root of this distribution.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#if !defined(MI_IN_ALLOC_C)
#error "this file should be included from 'alloc.c' (so aliases can work from alloc-override)"
// add includes help an IDE
#include "mimalloc.h"
#include "mimalloc/internal.h"
#include "mimalloc/prim.h" // _mi_prim_thread_id()
#endif
// forward declarations
static void mi_check_padding(const mi_page_t* page, const mi_block_t* block);
static bool mi_check_is_double_free(const mi_page_t* page, const mi_block_t* block);
static size_t mi_page_usable_size_of(const mi_page_t* page, const mi_block_t* block);
static void mi_stat_free(const mi_page_t* page, const mi_block_t* block);
// ------------------------------------------------------
// Free
// ------------------------------------------------------
// forward declaration of multi-threaded free (`_mt`) (or free in huge block if compiled with MI_HUGE_PAGE_ABANDON)
static mi_decl_noinline void mi_free_block_mt(mi_page_t* page, mi_segment_t* segment, mi_block_t* block);
// regular free of a (thread local) block pointer
// fast path written carefully to prevent spilling on the stack
static inline void mi_free_block_local(mi_page_t* page, mi_block_t* block, bool track_stats, bool check_full)
{
// checks
if mi_unlikely(mi_check_is_double_free(page, block)) return;
mi_check_padding(page, block);
if (track_stats) { mi_stat_free(page, block); }
#if (MI_DEBUG>0) && !MI_TRACK_ENABLED && !MI_TSAN && !MI_GUARDED
memset(block, MI_DEBUG_FREED, mi_page_block_size(page));
#endif
if (track_stats) { mi_track_free_size(block, mi_page_usable_size_of(page, block)); } // faster then mi_usable_size as we already know the page and that p is unaligned
// actual free: push on the local free list
mi_block_set_next(page, block, page->local_free);
page->local_free = block;
if mi_unlikely(--page->used == 0) {
_mi_page_retire(page);
}
else if mi_unlikely(check_full && mi_page_is_in_full(page)) {
_mi_page_unfull(page);
}
}
// Adjust a block that was allocated aligned, to the actual start of the block in the page.
// note: this can be called from `mi_free_generic_mt` where a non-owning thread accesses the
// `page_start` and `block_size` fields; however these are constant and the page won't be
// deallocated (as the block we are freeing keeps it alive) and thus safe to read concurrently.
mi_block_t* _mi_page_ptr_unalign(const mi_page_t* page, const void* p) {
mi_assert_internal(page!=NULL && p!=NULL);
size_t diff = (uint8_t*)p - page->page_start;
size_t adjust;
if mi_likely(page->block_size_shift != 0) {
adjust = diff & (((size_t)1 << page->block_size_shift) - 1);
}
else {
adjust = diff % mi_page_block_size(page);
}
return (mi_block_t*)((uintptr_t)p - adjust);
}
// forward declaration for a MI_GUARDED build
#if MI_GUARDED
static void mi_block_unguard(mi_page_t* page, mi_block_t* block, void* p); // forward declaration
static inline void mi_block_check_unguard(mi_page_t* page, mi_block_t* block, void* p) {
if (mi_block_ptr_is_guarded(block, p)) { mi_block_unguard(page, block, p); }
}
#else
static inline void mi_block_check_unguard(mi_page_t* page, mi_block_t* block, void* p) {
MI_UNUSED(page); MI_UNUSED(block); MI_UNUSED(p);
}
#endif
// free a local pointer (page parameter comes first for better codegen)
static void mi_decl_noinline mi_free_generic_local(mi_page_t* page, mi_segment_t* segment, void* p) mi_attr_noexcept {
MI_UNUSED(segment);
mi_block_t* const block = (mi_page_has_aligned(page) ? _mi_page_ptr_unalign(page, p) : (mi_block_t*)p);
mi_block_check_unguard(page, block, p);
mi_free_block_local(page, block, true /* track stats */, true /* check for a full page */);
}
// free a pointer owned by another thread (page parameter comes first for better codegen)
static void mi_decl_noinline mi_free_generic_mt(mi_page_t* page, mi_segment_t* segment, void* p) mi_attr_noexcept {
mi_block_t* const block = _mi_page_ptr_unalign(page, p); // don't check `has_aligned` flag to avoid a race (issue #865)
mi_block_check_unguard(page, block, p);
mi_free_block_mt(page, segment, block);
}
// generic free (for runtime integration)
void mi_decl_noinline _mi_free_generic(mi_segment_t* segment, mi_page_t* page, bool is_local, void* p) mi_attr_noexcept {
if (is_local) mi_free_generic_local(page,segment,p);
else mi_free_generic_mt(page,segment,p);
}
// Get the segment data belonging to a pointer
// This is just a single `and` in release mode but does further checks in debug mode
// (and secure mode) to see if this was a valid pointer.
static inline mi_segment_t* mi_checked_ptr_segment(const void* p, const char* msg)
{
MI_UNUSED(msg);
#if (MI_DEBUG>0)
if mi_unlikely(((uintptr_t)p & (MI_INTPTR_SIZE - 1)) != 0 && !mi_option_is_enabled(mi_option_guarded_precise)) {
_mi_error_message(EINVAL, "%s: invalid (unaligned) pointer: %p\n", msg, p);
return NULL;
}
#endif
mi_segment_t* const segment = _mi_ptr_segment(p);
if mi_unlikely(segment==NULL) return segment;
#if (MI_DEBUG>0)
if mi_unlikely(!mi_is_in_heap_region(p)) {
_mi_warning_message("%s: pointer might not point to a valid heap region: %p\n"
"(this may still be a valid very large allocation (over 64MiB))\n", msg, p);
if mi_likely(_mi_ptr_cookie(segment) == segment->cookie) {
_mi_warning_message("(yes, the previous pointer %p was valid after all)\n", p);
}
}
#endif
#if (MI_DEBUG>0 || MI_SECURE>=4)
if mi_unlikely(_mi_ptr_cookie(segment) != segment->cookie) {
_mi_error_message(EINVAL, "%s: pointer does not point to a valid heap space: %p\n", msg, p);
return NULL;
}
#endif
return segment;
}
// Free a block
// Fast path written carefully to prevent register spilling on the stack
void mi_free(void* p) mi_attr_noexcept
{
mi_segment_t* const segment = mi_checked_ptr_segment(p,"mi_free");
if mi_unlikely(segment==NULL) return;
const bool is_local = (_mi_prim_thread_id() == mi_atomic_load_relaxed(&segment->thread_id));
mi_page_t* const page = _mi_segment_page_of(segment, p);
if mi_likely(is_local) { // thread-local free?
if mi_likely(page->flags.full_aligned == 0) { // and it is not a full page (full pages need to move from the full bin), nor has aligned blocks (aligned blocks need to be unaligned)
// thread-local, aligned, and not a full page
mi_block_t* const block = (mi_block_t*)p;
mi_free_block_local(page, block, true /* track stats */, false /* no need to check if the page is full */);
}
else {
// page is full or contains (inner) aligned blocks; use generic path
mi_free_generic_local(page, segment, p);
}
}
else {
// not thread-local; use generic path
mi_free_generic_mt(page, segment, p);
}
}
// return true if successful
bool _mi_free_delayed_block(mi_block_t* block) {
// get segment and page
mi_assert_internal(block!=NULL);
const mi_segment_t* const segment = _mi_ptr_segment(block);
mi_assert_internal(_mi_ptr_cookie(segment) == segment->cookie);
mi_assert_internal(_mi_thread_id() == segment->thread_id);
mi_page_t* const page = _mi_segment_page_of(segment, block);
// Clear the no-delayed flag so delayed freeing is used again for this page.
// This must be done before collecting the free lists on this page -- otherwise
// some blocks may end up in the page `thread_free` list with no blocks in the
// heap `thread_delayed_free` list which may cause the page to be never freed!
// (it would only be freed if we happen to scan it in `mi_page_queue_find_free_ex`)
if (!_mi_page_try_use_delayed_free(page, MI_USE_DELAYED_FREE, false /* dont overwrite never delayed */)) {
return false;
}
// collect all other non-local frees (move from `thread_free` to `free`) to ensure up-to-date `used` count
_mi_page_free_collect(page, false);
// and free the block (possibly freeing the page as well since `used` is updated)
mi_free_block_local(page, block, false /* stats have already been adjusted */, true /* check for a full page */);
return true;
}
// ------------------------------------------------------
// Multi-threaded Free (`_mt`)
// ------------------------------------------------------
// Push a block that is owned by another thread on its page-local thread free
// list or it's heap delayed free list. Such blocks are later collected by
// the owning thread in `_mi_free_delayed_block`.
static void mi_decl_noinline mi_free_block_delayed_mt( mi_page_t* page, mi_block_t* block )
{
// Try to put the block on either the page-local thread free list,
// or the heap delayed free list (if this is the first non-local free in that page)
mi_thread_free_t tfreex;
bool use_delayed;
mi_thread_free_t tfree = mi_atomic_load_relaxed(&page->xthread_free);
do {
use_delayed = (mi_tf_delayed(tfree) == MI_USE_DELAYED_FREE);
if mi_unlikely(use_delayed) {
// unlikely: this only happens on the first concurrent free in a page that is in the full list
tfreex = mi_tf_set_delayed(tfree,MI_DELAYED_FREEING);
}
else {
// usual: directly add to page thread_free list
mi_block_set_next(page, block, mi_tf_block(tfree));
tfreex = mi_tf_set_block(tfree,block);
}
} while (!mi_atomic_cas_weak_release(&page->xthread_free, &tfree, tfreex));
// If this was the first non-local free, we need to push it on the heap delayed free list instead
if mi_unlikely(use_delayed) {
// racy read on `heap`, but ok because MI_DELAYED_FREEING is set (see `mi_heap_delete` and `mi_heap_collect_abandon`)
mi_heap_t* const heap = (mi_heap_t*)(mi_atomic_load_acquire(&page->xheap)); //mi_page_heap(page);
mi_assert_internal(heap != NULL);
if (heap != NULL) {
// add to the delayed free list of this heap. (do this atomically as the lock only protects heap memory validity)
mi_block_t* dfree = mi_atomic_load_ptr_relaxed(mi_block_t, &heap->thread_delayed_free);
do {
mi_block_set_nextx(heap,block,dfree, heap->keys);
} while (!mi_atomic_cas_ptr_weak_release(mi_block_t,&heap->thread_delayed_free, &dfree, block));
}
// and reset the MI_DELAYED_FREEING flag
tfree = mi_atomic_load_relaxed(&page->xthread_free);
do {
tfreex = tfree;
mi_assert_internal(mi_tf_delayed(tfree) == MI_DELAYED_FREEING);
tfreex = mi_tf_set_delayed(tfree,MI_NO_DELAYED_FREE);
} while (!mi_atomic_cas_weak_release(&page->xthread_free, &tfree, tfreex));
}
}
// Multi-threaded free (`_mt`) (or free in huge block if compiled with MI_HUGE_PAGE_ABANDON)
static void mi_decl_noinline mi_free_block_mt(mi_page_t* page, mi_segment_t* segment, mi_block_t* block)
{
// first see if the segment was abandoned and if we can reclaim it into our thread
if (_mi_option_get_fast(mi_option_abandoned_reclaim_on_free) != 0 &&
#if MI_HUGE_PAGE_ABANDON
segment->page_kind != MI_PAGE_HUGE &&
#endif
mi_atomic_load_relaxed(&segment->thread_id) == 0 && // segment is abandoned?
mi_prim_get_default_heap() != (mi_heap_t*)&_mi_heap_empty) // and we did not already exit this thread (without this check, a fresh heap will be initalized (issue #944))
{
// the segment is abandoned, try to reclaim it into our heap
if (_mi_segment_attempt_reclaim(mi_heap_get_default(), segment)) {
mi_assert_internal(_mi_thread_id() == mi_atomic_load_relaxed(&segment->thread_id));
mi_assert_internal(mi_heap_get_default()->tld->segments.subproc == segment->subproc);
mi_free(block); // recursively free as now it will be a local free in our heap
return;
}
}
// The padding check may access the non-thread-owned page for the key values.
// that is safe as these are constant and the page won't be freed (as the block is not freed yet).
mi_check_padding(page, block);
// adjust stats (after padding check and potentially recursive `mi_free` above)
mi_stat_free(page, block); // stat_free may access the padding
mi_track_free_size(block, mi_page_usable_size_of(page,block));
// for small size, ensure we can fit the delayed thread pointers without triggering overflow detection
_mi_padding_shrink(page, block, sizeof(mi_block_t));
if (segment->page_kind == MI_PAGE_HUGE) {
#if MI_HUGE_PAGE_ABANDON
// huge page segments are always abandoned and can be freed immediately
_mi_segment_huge_page_free(segment, page, block);
return;
#else
// huge pages are special as they occupy the entire segment
// as these are large we reset the memory occupied by the page so it is available to other threads
// (as the owning thread needs to actually free the memory later).
_mi_segment_huge_page_reset(segment, page, block);
#endif
}
else {
#if (MI_DEBUG>0) && !MI_TRACK_ENABLED && !MI_TSAN // note: when tracking, cannot use mi_usable_size with multi-threading
memset(block, MI_DEBUG_FREED, mi_usable_size(block));
#endif
}
// and finally free the actual block by pushing it on the owning heap
// thread_delayed free list (or heap delayed free list)
mi_free_block_delayed_mt(page,block);
}
// ------------------------------------------------------
// Usable size
// ------------------------------------------------------
// Bytes available in a block
static size_t mi_decl_noinline mi_page_usable_aligned_size_of(const mi_page_t* page, const void* p) mi_attr_noexcept {
const mi_block_t* block = _mi_page_ptr_unalign(page, p);
const size_t size = mi_page_usable_size_of(page, block);
const ptrdiff_t adjust = (uint8_t*)p - (uint8_t*)block;
mi_assert_internal(adjust >= 0 && (size_t)adjust <= size);
const size_t aligned_size = (size - adjust);
#if MI_GUARDED
if (mi_block_ptr_is_guarded(block, p)) {
return aligned_size - _mi_os_page_size();
}
#endif
return aligned_size;
}
static inline size_t _mi_usable_size(const void* p, const char* msg) mi_attr_noexcept {
const mi_segment_t* const segment = mi_checked_ptr_segment(p, msg);
if mi_unlikely(segment==NULL) return 0;
const mi_page_t* const page = _mi_segment_page_of(segment, p);
if mi_likely(!mi_page_has_aligned(page)) {
const mi_block_t* block = (const mi_block_t*)p;
return mi_page_usable_size_of(page, block);
}
else {
// split out to separate routine for improved code generation
return mi_page_usable_aligned_size_of(page, p);
}
}
mi_decl_nodiscard size_t mi_usable_size(const void* p) mi_attr_noexcept {
return _mi_usable_size(p, "mi_usable_size");
}
// ------------------------------------------------------
// Free variants
// ------------------------------------------------------
void mi_free_size(void* p, size_t size) mi_attr_noexcept {
MI_UNUSED_RELEASE(size);
mi_assert(p == NULL || size <= _mi_usable_size(p,"mi_free_size"));
mi_free(p);
}
void mi_free_size_aligned(void* p, size_t size, size_t alignment) mi_attr_noexcept {
MI_UNUSED_RELEASE(alignment);
mi_assert(((uintptr_t)p % alignment) == 0);
mi_free_size(p,size);
}
void mi_free_aligned(void* p, size_t alignment) mi_attr_noexcept {
MI_UNUSED_RELEASE(alignment);
mi_assert(((uintptr_t)p % alignment) == 0);
mi_free(p);
}
// ------------------------------------------------------
// Check for double free in secure and debug mode
// This is somewhat expensive so only enabled for secure mode 4
// ------------------------------------------------------
#if (MI_ENCODE_FREELIST && (MI_SECURE>=4 || MI_DEBUG!=0))
// linear check if the free list contains a specific element
static bool mi_list_contains(const mi_page_t* page, const mi_block_t* list, const mi_block_t* elem) {
while (list != NULL) {
if (elem==list) return true;
list = mi_block_next(page, list);
}
return false;
}
static mi_decl_noinline bool mi_check_is_double_freex(const mi_page_t* page, const mi_block_t* block) {
// The decoded value is in the same page (or NULL).
// Walk the free lists to verify positively if it is already freed
if (mi_list_contains(page, page->free, block) ||
mi_list_contains(page, page->local_free, block) ||
mi_list_contains(page, mi_page_thread_free(page), block))
{
_mi_error_message(EAGAIN, "double free detected of block %p with size %zu\n", block, mi_page_block_size(page));
return true;
}
return false;
}
#define mi_track_page(page,access) { size_t psize; void* pstart = _mi_page_start(_mi_page_segment(page),page,&psize); mi_track_mem_##access( pstart, psize); }
static inline bool mi_check_is_double_free(const mi_page_t* page, const mi_block_t* block) {
bool is_double_free = false;
mi_block_t* n = mi_block_nextx(page, block, page->keys); // pretend it is freed, and get the decoded first field
if (((uintptr_t)n & (MI_INTPTR_SIZE-1))==0 && // quick check: aligned pointer?
(n==NULL || mi_is_in_same_page(block, n))) // quick check: in same page or NULL?
{
// Suspicious: decoded value a in block is in the same page (or NULL) -- maybe a double free?
// (continue in separate function to improve code generation)
is_double_free = mi_check_is_double_freex(page, block);
}
return is_double_free;
}
#else
static inline bool mi_check_is_double_free(const mi_page_t* page, const mi_block_t* block) {
MI_UNUSED(page);
MI_UNUSED(block);
return false;
}
#endif
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Check for heap block overflow by setting up padding at the end of the block
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
#if MI_PADDING // && !MI_TRACK_ENABLED
static bool mi_page_decode_padding(const mi_page_t* page, const mi_block_t* block, size_t* delta, size_t* bsize) {
*bsize = mi_page_usable_block_size(page);
const mi_padding_t* const padding = (mi_padding_t*)((uint8_t*)block + *bsize);
mi_track_mem_defined(padding,sizeof(mi_padding_t));
*delta = padding->delta;
uint32_t canary = padding->canary;
uintptr_t keys[2];
keys[0] = page->keys[0];
keys[1] = page->keys[1];
bool ok = (mi_ptr_encode_canary(page,block,keys) == canary && *delta <= *bsize);
mi_track_mem_noaccess(padding,sizeof(mi_padding_t));
return ok;
}
// Return the exact usable size of a block.
static size_t mi_page_usable_size_of(const mi_page_t* page, const mi_block_t* block) {
size_t bsize;
size_t delta;
bool ok = mi_page_decode_padding(page, block, &delta, &bsize);
mi_assert_internal(ok); mi_assert_internal(delta <= bsize);
return (ok ? bsize - delta : 0);
}
// When a non-thread-local block is freed, it becomes part of the thread delayed free
// list that is freed later by the owning heap. If the exact usable size is too small to
// contain the pointer for the delayed list, then shrink the padding (by decreasing delta)
// so it will later not trigger an overflow error in `mi_free_block`.
void _mi_padding_shrink(const mi_page_t* page, const mi_block_t* block, const size_t min_size) {
size_t bsize;
size_t delta;
bool ok = mi_page_decode_padding(page, block, &delta, &bsize);
mi_assert_internal(ok);
if (!ok || (bsize - delta) >= min_size) return; // usually already enough space
mi_assert_internal(bsize >= min_size);
if (bsize < min_size) return; // should never happen
size_t new_delta = (bsize - min_size);
mi_assert_internal(new_delta < bsize);
mi_padding_t* padding = (mi_padding_t*)((uint8_t*)block + bsize);
mi_track_mem_defined(padding,sizeof(mi_padding_t));
padding->delta = (uint32_t)new_delta;
mi_track_mem_noaccess(padding,sizeof(mi_padding_t));
}
#else
static size_t mi_page_usable_size_of(const mi_page_t* page, const mi_block_t* block) {
MI_UNUSED(block);
return mi_page_usable_block_size(page);
}
void _mi_padding_shrink(const mi_page_t* page, const mi_block_t* block, const size_t min_size) {
MI_UNUSED(page);
MI_UNUSED(block);
MI_UNUSED(min_size);
}
#endif
#if MI_PADDING && MI_PADDING_CHECK
static bool mi_verify_padding(const mi_page_t* page, const mi_block_t* block, size_t* size, size_t* wrong) {
size_t bsize;
size_t delta;
bool ok = mi_page_decode_padding(page, block, &delta, &bsize);
*size = *wrong = bsize;
if (!ok) return false;
mi_assert_internal(bsize >= delta);
*size = bsize - delta;
if (!mi_page_is_huge(page)) {
uint8_t* fill = (uint8_t*)block + bsize - delta;
const size_t maxpad = (delta > MI_MAX_ALIGN_SIZE ? MI_MAX_ALIGN_SIZE : delta); // check at most the first N padding bytes
mi_track_mem_defined(fill, maxpad);
for (size_t i = 0; i < maxpad; i++) {
if (fill[i] != MI_DEBUG_PADDING) {
*wrong = bsize - delta + i;
ok = false;
break;
}
}
mi_track_mem_noaccess(fill, maxpad);
}
return ok;
}
static void mi_check_padding(const mi_page_t* page, const mi_block_t* block) {
size_t size;
size_t wrong;
if (!mi_verify_padding(page,block,&size,&wrong)) {
_mi_error_message(EFAULT, "buffer overflow in heap block %p of size %zu: write after %zu bytes\n", block, size, wrong );
}
}
#else
static void mi_check_padding(const mi_page_t* page, const mi_block_t* block) {
MI_UNUSED(page);
MI_UNUSED(block);
}
#endif
// only maintain stats for smaller objects if requested
#if (MI_STAT>0)
static void mi_stat_free(const mi_page_t* page, const mi_block_t* block) {
#if (MI_STAT < 2)
MI_UNUSED(block);
#endif
mi_heap_t* const heap = mi_heap_get_default();
const size_t bsize = mi_page_usable_block_size(page);
#if (MI_STAT>1)
const size_t usize = mi_page_usable_size_of(page, block);
mi_heap_stat_decrease(heap, malloc, usize);
#endif
if (bsize <= MI_LARGE_OBJ_SIZE_MAX) {
mi_heap_stat_decrease(heap, normal, bsize);
#if (MI_STAT > 1)
mi_heap_stat_decrease(heap, normal_bins[_mi_bin(bsize)], 1);
#endif
}
else {
const size_t bpsize = mi_page_block_size(page); // match stat in page.c:mi_huge_page_alloc
mi_heap_stat_decrease(heap, huge, bpsize);
}
}
#else
static void mi_stat_free(const mi_page_t* page, const mi_block_t* block) {
MI_UNUSED(page); MI_UNUSED(block);
}
#endif
// Remove guard page when building with MI_GUARDED
#if MI_GUARDED
static void mi_block_unguard(mi_page_t* page, mi_block_t* block, void* p) {
MI_UNUSED(p);
mi_assert_internal(mi_block_ptr_is_guarded(block, p));
mi_assert_internal(mi_page_has_aligned(page));
mi_assert_internal((uint8_t*)p - (uint8_t*)block >= (ptrdiff_t)sizeof(mi_block_t));
mi_assert_internal(block->next == MI_BLOCK_TAG_GUARDED);
const size_t bsize = mi_page_block_size(page);
const size_t psize = _mi_os_page_size();
mi_assert_internal(bsize > psize);
mi_assert_internal(_mi_page_segment(page)->allow_decommit);
void* gpage = (uint8_t*)block + bsize - psize;
mi_assert_internal(_mi_is_aligned(gpage, psize));
_mi_os_unprotect(gpage, psize);
}
#endif

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/*----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Copyright (c) 2018-2021, Microsoft Research, Daan Leijen
This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
terms of the MIT license. A copy of the license can be found in the file
"LICENSE" at the root of this distribution.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "mimalloc.h"
#include "mimalloc/internal.h"
#include "mimalloc/atomic.h"
#include "mimalloc/prim.h" // mi_prim_get_default_heap
#include <string.h> // memset, memcpy
#if defined(_MSC_VER) && (_MSC_VER < 1920)
#pragma warning(disable:4204) // non-constant aggregate initializer
#endif
/* -----------------------------------------------------------
Helpers
----------------------------------------------------------- */
// return `true` if ok, `false` to break
typedef bool (heap_page_visitor_fun)(mi_heap_t* heap, mi_page_queue_t* pq, mi_page_t* page, void* arg1, void* arg2);
// Visit all pages in a heap; returns `false` if break was called.
static bool mi_heap_visit_pages(mi_heap_t* heap, heap_page_visitor_fun* fn, void* arg1, void* arg2)
{
if (heap==NULL || heap->page_count==0) return 0;
// visit all pages
#if MI_DEBUG>1
size_t total = heap->page_count;
size_t count = 0;
#endif
for (size_t i = 0; i <= MI_BIN_FULL; i++) {
mi_page_queue_t* pq = &heap->pages[i];
mi_page_t* page = pq->first;
while(page != NULL) {
mi_page_t* next = page->next; // save next in case the page gets removed from the queue
mi_assert_internal(mi_page_heap(page) == heap);
#if MI_DEBUG>1
count++;
#endif
if (!fn(heap, pq, page, arg1, arg2)) return false;
page = next; // and continue
}
}
mi_assert_internal(count == total);
return true;
}
#if MI_DEBUG>=2
static bool mi_heap_page_is_valid(mi_heap_t* heap, mi_page_queue_t* pq, mi_page_t* page, void* arg1, void* arg2) {
MI_UNUSED(arg1);
MI_UNUSED(arg2);
MI_UNUSED(pq);
mi_assert_internal(mi_page_heap(page) == heap);
mi_segment_t* segment = _mi_page_segment(page);
mi_assert_internal(segment->thread_id == heap->thread_id);
mi_assert_expensive(_mi_page_is_valid(page));
return true;
}
#endif
#if MI_DEBUG>=3
static bool mi_heap_is_valid(mi_heap_t* heap) {
mi_assert_internal(heap!=NULL);
mi_heap_visit_pages(heap, &mi_heap_page_is_valid, NULL, NULL);
return true;
}
#endif
/* -----------------------------------------------------------
"Collect" pages by migrating `local_free` and `thread_free`
lists and freeing empty pages. This is done when a thread
stops (and in that case abandons pages if there are still
blocks alive)
----------------------------------------------------------- */
typedef enum mi_collect_e {
MI_NORMAL,
MI_FORCE,
MI_ABANDON
} mi_collect_t;
static bool mi_heap_page_collect(mi_heap_t* heap, mi_page_queue_t* pq, mi_page_t* page, void* arg_collect, void* arg2 ) {
MI_UNUSED(arg2);
MI_UNUSED(heap);
mi_assert_internal(mi_heap_page_is_valid(heap, pq, page, NULL, NULL));
mi_collect_t collect = *((mi_collect_t*)arg_collect);
_mi_page_free_collect(page, collect >= MI_FORCE);
if (mi_page_all_free(page)) {
// no more used blocks, free the page.
// note: this will free retired pages as well.
_mi_page_free(page, pq, collect >= MI_FORCE);
}
else if (collect == MI_ABANDON) {
// still used blocks but the thread is done; abandon the page
_mi_page_abandon(page, pq);
}
return true; // don't break
}
static bool mi_heap_page_never_delayed_free(mi_heap_t* heap, mi_page_queue_t* pq, mi_page_t* page, void* arg1, void* arg2) {
MI_UNUSED(arg1);
MI_UNUSED(arg2);
MI_UNUSED(heap);
MI_UNUSED(pq);
_mi_page_use_delayed_free(page, MI_NEVER_DELAYED_FREE, false);
return true; // don't break
}
static void mi_heap_collect_ex(mi_heap_t* heap, mi_collect_t collect)
{
if (heap==NULL || !mi_heap_is_initialized(heap)) return;
const bool force = (collect >= MI_FORCE);
_mi_deferred_free(heap, force);
// python/cpython#112532: we may be called from a thread that is not the owner of the heap
const bool is_main_thread = (_mi_is_main_thread() && heap->thread_id == _mi_thread_id());
// note: never reclaim on collect but leave it to threads that need storage to reclaim
if (
#ifdef NDEBUG
collect == MI_FORCE
#else
collect >= MI_FORCE
#endif
&& is_main_thread && mi_heap_is_backing(heap) && !heap->no_reclaim)
{
// the main thread is abandoned (end-of-program), try to reclaim all abandoned segments.
// if all memory is freed by now, all segments should be freed.
// note: this only collects in the current subprocess
_mi_abandoned_reclaim_all(heap, &heap->tld->segments);
}
// if abandoning, mark all pages to no longer add to delayed_free
if (collect == MI_ABANDON) {
mi_heap_visit_pages(heap, &mi_heap_page_never_delayed_free, NULL, NULL);
}
// free all current thread delayed blocks.
// (if abandoning, after this there are no more thread-delayed references into the pages.)
_mi_heap_delayed_free_all(heap);
// collect retired pages
_mi_heap_collect_retired(heap, force);
// collect all pages owned by this thread
mi_heap_visit_pages(heap, &mi_heap_page_collect, &collect, NULL);
mi_assert_internal( collect != MI_ABANDON || mi_atomic_load_ptr_acquire(mi_block_t,&heap->thread_delayed_free) == NULL );
// collect segments (purge pages, this can be expensive so don't force on abandonment)
_mi_segments_collect(collect == MI_FORCE, &heap->tld->segments);
// if forced, collect thread data cache on program-exit (or shared library unload)
if (force && is_main_thread && mi_heap_is_backing(heap)) {
_mi_thread_data_collect(); // collect thread data cache
}
// collect arenas (this is program wide so don't force purges on abandonment of threads)
_mi_arenas_collect(collect == MI_FORCE /* force purge? */);
}
void _mi_heap_collect_abandon(mi_heap_t* heap) {
mi_heap_collect_ex(heap, MI_ABANDON);
}
void mi_heap_collect(mi_heap_t* heap, bool force) mi_attr_noexcept {
mi_heap_collect_ex(heap, (force ? MI_FORCE : MI_NORMAL));
}
void mi_collect(bool force) mi_attr_noexcept {
mi_heap_collect(mi_prim_get_default_heap(), force);
}
/* -----------------------------------------------------------
Heap new
----------------------------------------------------------- */
mi_heap_t* mi_heap_get_default(void) {
mi_thread_init();
return mi_prim_get_default_heap();
}
static bool mi_heap_is_default(const mi_heap_t* heap) {
return (heap == mi_prim_get_default_heap());
}
mi_heap_t* mi_heap_get_backing(void) {
mi_heap_t* heap = mi_heap_get_default();
mi_assert_internal(heap!=NULL);
mi_heap_t* bheap = heap->tld->heap_backing;
mi_assert_internal(bheap!=NULL);
mi_assert_internal(bheap->thread_id == _mi_thread_id());
return bheap;
}
void _mi_heap_init(mi_heap_t* heap, mi_tld_t* tld, mi_arena_id_t arena_id, bool noreclaim, uint8_t tag) {
_mi_memcpy_aligned(heap, &_mi_heap_empty, sizeof(mi_heap_t));
heap->tld = tld;
heap->thread_id = _mi_thread_id();
heap->arena_id = arena_id;
heap->no_reclaim = noreclaim;
heap->tag = tag;
if (heap == tld->heap_backing) {
_mi_random_init(&heap->random);
}
else {
_mi_random_split(&tld->heap_backing->random, &heap->random);
}
heap->cookie = _mi_heap_random_next(heap) | 1;
heap->keys[0] = _mi_heap_random_next(heap);
heap->keys[1] = _mi_heap_random_next(heap);
_mi_heap_guarded_init(heap);
// push on the thread local heaps list
heap->next = heap->tld->heaps;
heap->tld->heaps = heap;
}
mi_decl_nodiscard mi_heap_t* mi_heap_new_ex(int heap_tag, bool allow_destroy, mi_arena_id_t arena_id) {
mi_heap_t* bheap = mi_heap_get_backing();
mi_heap_t* heap = mi_heap_malloc_tp(bheap, mi_heap_t); // todo: OS allocate in secure mode?
if (heap == NULL) return NULL;
mi_assert(heap_tag >= 0 && heap_tag < 256);
_mi_heap_init(heap, bheap->tld, arena_id, allow_destroy /* no reclaim? */, (uint8_t)heap_tag /* heap tag */);
return heap;
}
mi_decl_nodiscard mi_heap_t* mi_heap_new_in_arena(mi_arena_id_t arena_id) {
return mi_heap_new_ex(0 /* default heap tag */, false /* don't allow `mi_heap_destroy` */, arena_id);
}
mi_decl_nodiscard mi_heap_t* mi_heap_new(void) {
// don't reclaim abandoned memory or otherwise destroy is unsafe
return mi_heap_new_ex(0 /* default heap tag */, true /* no reclaim */, _mi_arena_id_none());
}
bool _mi_heap_memid_is_suitable(mi_heap_t* heap, mi_memid_t memid) {
return _mi_arena_memid_is_suitable(memid, heap->arena_id);
}
uintptr_t _mi_heap_random_next(mi_heap_t* heap) {
return _mi_random_next(&heap->random);
}
// zero out the page queues
static void mi_heap_reset_pages(mi_heap_t* heap) {
mi_assert_internal(heap != NULL);
mi_assert_internal(mi_heap_is_initialized(heap));
// TODO: copy full empty heap instead?
memset(&heap->pages_free_direct, 0, sizeof(heap->pages_free_direct));
_mi_memcpy_aligned(&heap->pages, &_mi_heap_empty.pages, sizeof(heap->pages));
heap->thread_delayed_free = NULL;
heap->page_count = 0;
}
// called from `mi_heap_destroy` and `mi_heap_delete` to free the internal heap resources.
static void mi_heap_free(mi_heap_t* heap) {
mi_assert(heap != NULL);
mi_assert_internal(mi_heap_is_initialized(heap));
if (heap==NULL || !mi_heap_is_initialized(heap)) return;
if (mi_heap_is_backing(heap)) return; // dont free the backing heap
// reset default
if (mi_heap_is_default(heap)) {
_mi_heap_set_default_direct(heap->tld->heap_backing);
}
// remove ourselves from the thread local heaps list
// linear search but we expect the number of heaps to be relatively small
mi_heap_t* prev = NULL;
mi_heap_t* curr = heap->tld->heaps;
while (curr != heap && curr != NULL) {
prev = curr;
curr = curr->next;
}
mi_assert_internal(curr == heap);
if (curr == heap) {
if (prev != NULL) { prev->next = heap->next; }
else { heap->tld->heaps = heap->next; }
}
mi_assert_internal(heap->tld->heaps != NULL);
// and free the used memory
mi_free(heap);
}
// return a heap on the same thread as `heap` specialized for the specified tag (if it exists)
mi_heap_t* _mi_heap_by_tag(mi_heap_t* heap, uint8_t tag) {
if (heap->tag == tag) {
return heap;
}
for (mi_heap_t *curr = heap->tld->heaps; curr != NULL; curr = curr->next) {
if (curr->tag == tag) {
return curr;
}
}
return NULL;
}
/* -----------------------------------------------------------
Heap destroy
----------------------------------------------------------- */
static bool _mi_heap_page_destroy(mi_heap_t* heap, mi_page_queue_t* pq, mi_page_t* page, void* arg1, void* arg2) {
MI_UNUSED(arg1);
MI_UNUSED(arg2);
MI_UNUSED(heap);
MI_UNUSED(pq);
// ensure no more thread_delayed_free will be added
_mi_page_use_delayed_free(page, MI_NEVER_DELAYED_FREE, false);
// stats
const size_t bsize = mi_page_block_size(page);
if (bsize > MI_LARGE_OBJ_SIZE_MAX) {
mi_heap_stat_decrease(heap, huge, bsize);
}
#if (MI_STAT)
_mi_page_free_collect(page, false); // update used count
const size_t inuse = page->used;
if (bsize <= MI_LARGE_OBJ_SIZE_MAX) {
mi_heap_stat_decrease(heap, normal, bsize * inuse);
#if (MI_STAT>1)
mi_heap_stat_decrease(heap, normal_bins[_mi_bin(bsize)], inuse);
#endif
}
mi_heap_stat_decrease(heap, malloc, bsize * inuse); // todo: off for aligned blocks...
#endif
/// pretend it is all free now
mi_assert_internal(mi_page_thread_free(page) == NULL);
page->used = 0;
// and free the page
// mi_page_free(page,false);
page->next = NULL;
page->prev = NULL;
_mi_segment_page_free(page,false /* no force? */, &heap->tld->segments);
return true; // keep going
}
void _mi_heap_destroy_pages(mi_heap_t* heap) {
mi_heap_visit_pages(heap, &_mi_heap_page_destroy, NULL, NULL);
mi_heap_reset_pages(heap);
}
#if MI_TRACK_HEAP_DESTROY
static bool mi_cdecl mi_heap_track_block_free(const mi_heap_t* heap, const mi_heap_area_t* area, void* block, size_t block_size, void* arg) {
MI_UNUSED(heap); MI_UNUSED(area); MI_UNUSED(arg); MI_UNUSED(block_size);
mi_track_free_size(block,mi_usable_size(block));
return true;
}
#endif
void mi_heap_destroy(mi_heap_t* heap) {
mi_assert(heap != NULL);
mi_assert(mi_heap_is_initialized(heap));
mi_assert(heap->no_reclaim);
mi_assert_expensive(mi_heap_is_valid(heap));
if (heap==NULL || !mi_heap_is_initialized(heap)) return;
#if MI_GUARDED
// _mi_warning_message("'mi_heap_destroy' called but MI_GUARDED is enabled -- using `mi_heap_delete` instead (heap at %p)\n", heap);
mi_heap_delete(heap);
return;
#else
if (!heap->no_reclaim) {
_mi_warning_message("'mi_heap_destroy' called but ignored as the heap was not created with 'allow_destroy' (heap at %p)\n", heap);
// don't free in case it may contain reclaimed pages
mi_heap_delete(heap);
}
else {
// track all blocks as freed
#if MI_TRACK_HEAP_DESTROY
mi_heap_visit_blocks(heap, true, mi_heap_track_block_free, NULL);
#endif
// free all pages
_mi_heap_destroy_pages(heap);
mi_heap_free(heap);
}
#endif
}
// forcefully destroy all heaps in the current thread
void _mi_heap_unsafe_destroy_all(void) {
mi_heap_t* bheap = mi_heap_get_backing();
mi_heap_t* curr = bheap->tld->heaps;
while (curr != NULL) {
mi_heap_t* next = curr->next;
if (curr->no_reclaim) {
mi_heap_destroy(curr);
}
else {
_mi_heap_destroy_pages(curr);
}
curr = next;
}
}
/* -----------------------------------------------------------
Safe Heap delete
----------------------------------------------------------- */
// Transfer the pages from one heap to the other
static void mi_heap_absorb(mi_heap_t* heap, mi_heap_t* from) {
mi_assert_internal(heap!=NULL);
if (from==NULL || from->page_count == 0) return;
// reduce the size of the delayed frees
_mi_heap_delayed_free_partial(from);
// transfer all pages by appending the queues; this will set a new heap field
// so threads may do delayed frees in either heap for a while.
// note: appending waits for each page to not be in the `MI_DELAYED_FREEING` state
// so after this only the new heap will get delayed frees
for (size_t i = 0; i <= MI_BIN_FULL; i++) {
mi_page_queue_t* pq = &heap->pages[i];
mi_page_queue_t* append = &from->pages[i];
size_t pcount = _mi_page_queue_append(heap, pq, append);
heap->page_count += pcount;
from->page_count -= pcount;
}
mi_assert_internal(from->page_count == 0);
// and do outstanding delayed frees in the `from` heap
// note: be careful here as the `heap` field in all those pages no longer point to `from`,
// turns out to be ok as `_mi_heap_delayed_free` only visits the list and calls a
// the regular `_mi_free_delayed_block` which is safe.
_mi_heap_delayed_free_all(from);
#if !defined(_MSC_VER) || (_MSC_VER > 1900) // somehow the following line gives an error in VS2015, issue #353
mi_assert_internal(mi_atomic_load_ptr_relaxed(mi_block_t,&from->thread_delayed_free) == NULL);
#endif
// and reset the `from` heap
mi_heap_reset_pages(from);
}
// are two heaps compatible with respect to heap-tag, exclusive arena etc.
static bool mi_heaps_are_compatible(mi_heap_t* heap1, mi_heap_t* heap2) {
return (heap1->tag == heap2->tag && // store same kind of objects
heap1->arena_id == heap2->arena_id); // same arena preference
}
// Safe delete a heap without freeing any still allocated blocks in that heap.
void mi_heap_delete(mi_heap_t* heap)
{
mi_assert(heap != NULL);
mi_assert(mi_heap_is_initialized(heap));
mi_assert_expensive(mi_heap_is_valid(heap));
if (heap==NULL || !mi_heap_is_initialized(heap)) return;
mi_heap_t* bheap = heap->tld->heap_backing;
if (bheap != heap && mi_heaps_are_compatible(bheap,heap)) {
// transfer still used pages to the backing heap
mi_heap_absorb(bheap, heap);
}
else {
// the backing heap abandons its pages
_mi_heap_collect_abandon(heap);
}
mi_assert_internal(heap->page_count==0);
mi_heap_free(heap);
}
mi_heap_t* mi_heap_set_default(mi_heap_t* heap) {
mi_assert(heap != NULL);
mi_assert(mi_heap_is_initialized(heap));
if (heap==NULL || !mi_heap_is_initialized(heap)) return NULL;
mi_assert_expensive(mi_heap_is_valid(heap));
mi_heap_t* old = mi_prim_get_default_heap();
_mi_heap_set_default_direct(heap);
return old;
}
/* -----------------------------------------------------------
Analysis
----------------------------------------------------------- */
// static since it is not thread safe to access heaps from other threads.
static mi_heap_t* mi_heap_of_block(const void* p) {
if (p == NULL) return NULL;
mi_segment_t* segment = _mi_ptr_segment(p);
bool valid = (_mi_ptr_cookie(segment) == segment->cookie);
mi_assert_internal(valid);
if mi_unlikely(!valid) return NULL;
return mi_page_heap(_mi_segment_page_of(segment,p));
}
bool mi_heap_contains_block(mi_heap_t* heap, const void* p) {
mi_assert(heap != NULL);
if (heap==NULL || !mi_heap_is_initialized(heap)) return false;
return (heap == mi_heap_of_block(p));
}
static bool mi_heap_page_check_owned(mi_heap_t* heap, mi_page_queue_t* pq, mi_page_t* page, void* p, void* vfound) {
MI_UNUSED(heap);
MI_UNUSED(pq);
bool* found = (bool*)vfound;
void* start = mi_page_start(page);
void* end = (uint8_t*)start + (page->capacity * mi_page_block_size(page));
*found = (p >= start && p < end);
return (!*found); // continue if not found
}
bool mi_heap_check_owned(mi_heap_t* heap, const void* p) {
mi_assert(heap != NULL);
if (heap==NULL || !mi_heap_is_initialized(heap)) return false;
if (((uintptr_t)p & (MI_INTPTR_SIZE - 1)) != 0) return false; // only aligned pointers
bool found = false;
mi_heap_visit_pages(heap, &mi_heap_page_check_owned, (void*)p, &found);
return found;
}
bool mi_check_owned(const void* p) {
return mi_heap_check_owned(mi_prim_get_default_heap(), p);
}
/* -----------------------------------------------------------
Visit all heap blocks and areas
Todo: enable visiting abandoned pages, and
enable visiting all blocks of all heaps across threads
----------------------------------------------------------- */
void _mi_heap_area_init(mi_heap_area_t* area, mi_page_t* page) {
const size_t bsize = mi_page_block_size(page);
const size_t ubsize = mi_page_usable_block_size(page);
area->reserved = page->reserved * bsize;
area->committed = page->capacity * bsize;
area->blocks = mi_page_start(page);
area->used = page->used; // number of blocks in use (#553)
area->block_size = ubsize;
area->full_block_size = bsize;
area->heap_tag = page->heap_tag;
}
static void mi_get_fast_divisor(size_t divisor, uint64_t* magic, size_t* shift) {
mi_assert_internal(divisor > 0 && divisor <= UINT32_MAX);
*shift = MI_INTPTR_BITS - mi_clz(divisor - 1);
*magic = ((((uint64_t)1 << 32) * (((uint64_t)1 << *shift) - divisor)) / divisor + 1);
}
static size_t mi_fast_divide(size_t n, uint64_t magic, size_t shift) {
mi_assert_internal(n <= UINT32_MAX);
const uint64_t hi = ((uint64_t)n * magic) >> 32;
return (size_t)((hi + n) >> shift);
}
bool _mi_heap_area_visit_blocks(const mi_heap_area_t* area, mi_page_t* page, mi_block_visit_fun* visitor, void* arg) {
mi_assert(area != NULL);
if (area==NULL) return true;
mi_assert(page != NULL);
if (page == NULL) return true;
_mi_page_free_collect(page,true); // collect both thread_delayed and local_free
mi_assert_internal(page->local_free == NULL);
if (page->used == 0) return true;
size_t psize;
uint8_t* const pstart = _mi_segment_page_start(_mi_page_segment(page), page, &psize);
mi_heap_t* const heap = mi_page_heap(page);
const size_t bsize = mi_page_block_size(page);
const size_t ubsize = mi_page_usable_block_size(page); // without padding
// optimize page with one block
if (page->capacity == 1) {
mi_assert_internal(page->used == 1 && page->free == NULL);
return visitor(mi_page_heap(page), area, pstart, ubsize, arg);
}
mi_assert(bsize <= UINT32_MAX);
// optimize full pages
if (page->used == page->capacity) {
uint8_t* block = pstart;
for (size_t i = 0; i < page->capacity; i++) {
if (!visitor(heap, area, block, ubsize, arg)) return false;
block += bsize;
}
return true;
}
// create a bitmap of free blocks.
#define MI_MAX_BLOCKS (MI_SMALL_PAGE_SIZE / sizeof(void*))
uintptr_t free_map[MI_MAX_BLOCKS / MI_INTPTR_BITS];
const uintptr_t bmapsize = _mi_divide_up(page->capacity, MI_INTPTR_BITS);
memset(free_map, 0, bmapsize * sizeof(intptr_t));
if (page->capacity % MI_INTPTR_BITS != 0) {
// mark left-over bits at the end as free
size_t shift = (page->capacity % MI_INTPTR_BITS);
uintptr_t mask = (UINTPTR_MAX << shift);
free_map[bmapsize - 1] = mask;
}
// fast repeated division by the block size
uint64_t magic;
size_t shift;
mi_get_fast_divisor(bsize, &magic, &shift);
#if MI_DEBUG>1
size_t free_count = 0;
#endif
for (mi_block_t* block = page->free; block != NULL; block = mi_block_next(page, block)) {
#if MI_DEBUG>1
free_count++;
#endif
mi_assert_internal((uint8_t*)block >= pstart && (uint8_t*)block < (pstart + psize));
size_t offset = (uint8_t*)block - pstart;
mi_assert_internal(offset % bsize == 0);
mi_assert_internal(offset <= UINT32_MAX);
size_t blockidx = mi_fast_divide(offset, magic, shift);
mi_assert_internal(blockidx == offset / bsize);
mi_assert_internal(blockidx < MI_MAX_BLOCKS);
size_t bitidx = (blockidx / MI_INTPTR_BITS);
size_t bit = blockidx - (bitidx * MI_INTPTR_BITS);
free_map[bitidx] |= ((uintptr_t)1 << bit);
}
mi_assert_internal(page->capacity == (free_count + page->used));
// walk through all blocks skipping the free ones
#if MI_DEBUG>1
size_t used_count = 0;
#endif
uint8_t* block = pstart;
for (size_t i = 0; i < bmapsize; i++) {
if (free_map[i] == 0) {
// every block is in use
for (size_t j = 0; j < MI_INTPTR_BITS; j++) {
#if MI_DEBUG>1
used_count++;
#endif
if (!visitor(heap, area, block, ubsize, arg)) return false;
block += bsize;
}
}
else {
// visit the used blocks in the mask
uintptr_t m = ~free_map[i];
while (m != 0) {
#if MI_DEBUG>1
used_count++;
#endif
size_t bitidx = mi_ctz(m);
if (!visitor(heap, area, block + (bitidx * bsize), ubsize, arg)) return false;
m &= m - 1; // clear least significant bit
}
block += bsize * MI_INTPTR_BITS;
}
}
mi_assert_internal(page->used == used_count);
return true;
}
// Separate struct to keep `mi_page_t` out of the public interface
typedef struct mi_heap_area_ex_s {
mi_heap_area_t area;
mi_page_t* page;
} mi_heap_area_ex_t;
typedef bool (mi_heap_area_visit_fun)(const mi_heap_t* heap, const mi_heap_area_ex_t* area, void* arg);
static bool mi_heap_visit_areas_page(mi_heap_t* heap, mi_page_queue_t* pq, mi_page_t* page, void* vfun, void* arg) {
MI_UNUSED(heap);
MI_UNUSED(pq);
mi_heap_area_visit_fun* fun = (mi_heap_area_visit_fun*)vfun;
mi_heap_area_ex_t xarea;
xarea.page = page;
_mi_heap_area_init(&xarea.area, page);
return fun(heap, &xarea, arg);
}
// Visit all heap pages as areas
static bool mi_heap_visit_areas(const mi_heap_t* heap, mi_heap_area_visit_fun* visitor, void* arg) {
if (visitor == NULL) return false;
return mi_heap_visit_pages((mi_heap_t*)heap, &mi_heap_visit_areas_page, (void*)(visitor), arg); // note: function pointer to void* :-{
}
// Just to pass arguments
typedef struct mi_visit_blocks_args_s {
bool visit_blocks;
mi_block_visit_fun* visitor;
void* arg;
} mi_visit_blocks_args_t;
static bool mi_heap_area_visitor(const mi_heap_t* heap, const mi_heap_area_ex_t* xarea, void* arg) {
mi_visit_blocks_args_t* args = (mi_visit_blocks_args_t*)arg;
if (!args->visitor(heap, &xarea->area, NULL, xarea->area.block_size, args->arg)) return false;
if (args->visit_blocks) {
return _mi_heap_area_visit_blocks(&xarea->area, xarea->page, args->visitor, args->arg);
}
else {
return true;
}
}
// Visit all blocks in a heap
bool mi_heap_visit_blocks(const mi_heap_t* heap, bool visit_blocks, mi_block_visit_fun* visitor, void* arg) {
mi_visit_blocks_args_t args = { visit_blocks, visitor, arg };
return mi_heap_visit_areas(heap, &mi_heap_area_visitor, &args);
}

695
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@ -0,0 +1,695 @@
/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Copyright (c) 2018-2022, Microsoft Research, Daan Leijen
This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
terms of the MIT license. A copy of the license can be found in the file
"LICENSE" at the root of this distribution.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "mimalloc.h"
#include "mimalloc/internal.h"
#include "mimalloc/prim.h"
#include <string.h> // memcpy, memset
#include <stdlib.h> // atexit
// Empty page used to initialize the small free pages array
const mi_page_t _mi_page_empty = {
0,
false, false, false, false,
0, // capacity
0, // reserved capacity
{ 0 }, // flags
false, // is_zero
0, // retire_expire
NULL, // free
NULL, // local_free
0, // used
0, // block size shift
0, // heap tag
0, // block_size
NULL, // page_start
#if (MI_PADDING || MI_ENCODE_FREELIST)
{ 0, 0 },
#endif
MI_ATOMIC_VAR_INIT(0), // xthread_free
MI_ATOMIC_VAR_INIT(0), // xheap
NULL, NULL
#if MI_INTPTR_SIZE==4
, { NULL }
#endif
};
#define MI_PAGE_EMPTY() ((mi_page_t*)&_mi_page_empty)
#if (MI_PADDING>0) && (MI_INTPTR_SIZE >= 8)
#define MI_SMALL_PAGES_EMPTY { MI_INIT128(MI_PAGE_EMPTY), MI_PAGE_EMPTY(), MI_PAGE_EMPTY() }
#elif (MI_PADDING>0)
#define MI_SMALL_PAGES_EMPTY { MI_INIT128(MI_PAGE_EMPTY), MI_PAGE_EMPTY(), MI_PAGE_EMPTY(), MI_PAGE_EMPTY() }
#else
#define MI_SMALL_PAGES_EMPTY { MI_INIT128(MI_PAGE_EMPTY), MI_PAGE_EMPTY() }
#endif
// Empty page queues for every bin
#define QNULL(sz) { NULL, NULL, (sz)*sizeof(uintptr_t) }
#define MI_PAGE_QUEUES_EMPTY \
{ QNULL(1), \
QNULL( 1), QNULL( 2), QNULL( 3), QNULL( 4), QNULL( 5), QNULL( 6), QNULL( 7), QNULL( 8), /* 8 */ \
QNULL( 10), QNULL( 12), QNULL( 14), QNULL( 16), QNULL( 20), QNULL( 24), QNULL( 28), QNULL( 32), /* 16 */ \
QNULL( 40), QNULL( 48), QNULL( 56), QNULL( 64), QNULL( 80), QNULL( 96), QNULL( 112), QNULL( 128), /* 24 */ \
QNULL( 160), QNULL( 192), QNULL( 224), QNULL( 256), QNULL( 320), QNULL( 384), QNULL( 448), QNULL( 512), /* 32 */ \
QNULL( 640), QNULL( 768), QNULL( 896), QNULL( 1024), QNULL( 1280), QNULL( 1536), QNULL( 1792), QNULL( 2048), /* 40 */ \
QNULL( 2560), QNULL( 3072), QNULL( 3584), QNULL( 4096), QNULL( 5120), QNULL( 6144), QNULL( 7168), QNULL( 8192), /* 48 */ \
QNULL( 10240), QNULL( 12288), QNULL( 14336), QNULL( 16384), QNULL( 20480), QNULL( 24576), QNULL( 28672), QNULL( 32768), /* 56 */ \
QNULL( 40960), QNULL( 49152), QNULL( 57344), QNULL( 65536), QNULL( 81920), QNULL( 98304), QNULL(114688), QNULL(131072), /* 64 */ \
QNULL(163840), QNULL(196608), QNULL(229376), QNULL(262144), QNULL(327680), QNULL(393216), QNULL(458752), QNULL(524288), /* 72 */ \
QNULL(MI_LARGE_OBJ_WSIZE_MAX + 1 /* 655360, Huge queue */), \
QNULL(MI_LARGE_OBJ_WSIZE_MAX + 2) /* Full queue */ }
#define MI_STAT_COUNT_NULL() {0,0,0,0}
// Empty statistics
#if MI_STAT>1
#define MI_STAT_COUNT_END_NULL() , { MI_STAT_COUNT_NULL(), MI_INIT32(MI_STAT_COUNT_NULL) }
#else
#define MI_STAT_COUNT_END_NULL()
#endif
#define MI_STATS_NULL \
MI_STAT_COUNT_NULL(), MI_STAT_COUNT_NULL(), \
MI_STAT_COUNT_NULL(), MI_STAT_COUNT_NULL(), \
MI_STAT_COUNT_NULL(), MI_STAT_COUNT_NULL(), \
MI_STAT_COUNT_NULL(), MI_STAT_COUNT_NULL(), \
MI_STAT_COUNT_NULL(), MI_STAT_COUNT_NULL(), \
MI_STAT_COUNT_NULL(), MI_STAT_COUNT_NULL(), \
MI_STAT_COUNT_NULL(), MI_STAT_COUNT_NULL(), \
MI_STAT_COUNT_NULL(), \
{ 0, 0 }, { 0, 0 }, { 0, 0 }, { 0, 0 }, \
{ 0, 0 }, { 0, 0 }, { 0, 0 }, { 0, 0 }, \
{ 0, 0 }, { 0, 0 }, { 0, 0 }, { 0, 0 }, \
{ 0, 0 } \
MI_STAT_COUNT_END_NULL()
// --------------------------------------------------------
// Statically allocate an empty heap as the initial
// thread local value for the default heap,
// and statically allocate the backing heap for the main
// thread so it can function without doing any allocation
// itself (as accessing a thread local for the first time
// may lead to allocation itself on some platforms)
// --------------------------------------------------------
mi_decl_cache_align const mi_heap_t _mi_heap_empty = {
NULL,
MI_ATOMIC_VAR_INIT(NULL),
0, // tid
0, // cookie
0, // arena id
{ 0, 0 }, // keys
{ {0}, {0}, 0, true }, // random
0, // page count
MI_BIN_FULL, 0, // page retired min/max
NULL, // next
false, // can reclaim
0, // tag
#if MI_GUARDED
0, 0, 0, 0, 1, // count is 1 so we never write to it (see `internal.h:mi_heap_malloc_use_guarded`)
#endif
MI_SMALL_PAGES_EMPTY,
MI_PAGE_QUEUES_EMPTY
};
mi_threadid_t _mi_thread_id(void) mi_attr_noexcept {
return _mi_prim_thread_id();
}
// the thread-local default heap for allocation
mi_decl_thread mi_heap_t* _mi_heap_default = (mi_heap_t*)&_mi_heap_empty;
extern mi_heap_t _mi_heap_main;
static mi_decl_cache_align mi_subproc_t mi_subproc_default;
static mi_decl_cache_align mi_tld_t tld_main = {
0, false,
&_mi_heap_main, &_mi_heap_main,
{ { NULL, NULL }, {NULL ,NULL}, {NULL ,NULL, 0},
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, &mi_subproc_default,
&tld_main.stats
}, // segments
{ MI_STATS_NULL } // stats
};
mi_decl_cache_align mi_heap_t _mi_heap_main = {
&tld_main,
MI_ATOMIC_VAR_INIT(NULL),
0, // thread id
0, // initial cookie
0, // arena id
{ 0, 0 }, // the key of the main heap can be fixed (unlike page keys that need to be secure!)
{ {0x846ca68b}, {0}, 0, true }, // random
0, // page count
MI_BIN_FULL, 0, // page retired min/max
NULL, // next heap
false, // can reclaim
0, // tag
#if MI_GUARDED
0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
#endif
MI_SMALL_PAGES_EMPTY,
MI_PAGE_QUEUES_EMPTY
};
bool _mi_process_is_initialized = false; // set to `true` in `mi_process_init`.
mi_stats_t _mi_stats_main = { MI_STATS_NULL };
#if MI_GUARDED
mi_decl_export void mi_heap_guarded_set_sample_rate(mi_heap_t* heap, size_t sample_rate, size_t seed) {
heap->guarded_sample_seed = seed;
if (heap->guarded_sample_seed == 0) {
heap->guarded_sample_seed = _mi_heap_random_next(heap);
}
heap->guarded_sample_rate = sample_rate;
if (heap->guarded_sample_rate >= 1) {
heap->guarded_sample_seed = heap->guarded_sample_seed % heap->guarded_sample_rate;
}
heap->guarded_sample_count = heap->guarded_sample_seed; // count down samples
}
mi_decl_export void mi_heap_guarded_set_size_bound(mi_heap_t* heap, size_t min, size_t max) {
heap->guarded_size_min = min;
heap->guarded_size_max = (min > max ? min : max);
}
void _mi_heap_guarded_init(mi_heap_t* heap) {
mi_heap_guarded_set_sample_rate(heap,
(size_t)mi_option_get_clamp(mi_option_guarded_sample_rate, 0, LONG_MAX),
(size_t)mi_option_get(mi_option_guarded_sample_seed));
mi_heap_guarded_set_size_bound(heap,
(size_t)mi_option_get_clamp(mi_option_guarded_min, 0, LONG_MAX),
(size_t)mi_option_get_clamp(mi_option_guarded_max, 0, LONG_MAX) );
}
#else
mi_decl_export void mi_heap_guarded_set_sample_rate(mi_heap_t* heap, size_t sample_rate, size_t seed) {
MI_UNUSED(heap); MI_UNUSED(sample_rate); MI_UNUSED(seed);
}
mi_decl_export void mi_heap_guarded_set_size_bound(mi_heap_t* heap, size_t min, size_t max) {
MI_UNUSED(heap); MI_UNUSED(min); MI_UNUSED(max);
}
void _mi_heap_guarded_init(mi_heap_t* heap) {
MI_UNUSED(heap);
}
#endif
static void mi_heap_main_init(void) {
if (_mi_heap_main.cookie == 0) {
_mi_heap_main.thread_id = _mi_thread_id();
_mi_heap_main.cookie = 1;
#if defined(_WIN32) && !defined(MI_SHARED_LIB)
_mi_random_init_weak(&_mi_heap_main.random); // prevent allocation failure during bcrypt dll initialization with static linking
#else
_mi_random_init(&_mi_heap_main.random);
#endif
_mi_heap_main.cookie = _mi_heap_random_next(&_mi_heap_main);
_mi_heap_main.keys[0] = _mi_heap_random_next(&_mi_heap_main);
_mi_heap_main.keys[1] = _mi_heap_random_next(&_mi_heap_main);
mi_lock_init(&mi_subproc_default.abandoned_os_lock);
mi_lock_init(&mi_subproc_default.abandoned_os_visit_lock);
_mi_heap_guarded_init(&_mi_heap_main);
}
}
mi_heap_t* _mi_heap_main_get(void) {
mi_heap_main_init();
return &_mi_heap_main;
}
/* -----------------------------------------------------------
Sub process
----------------------------------------------------------- */
mi_subproc_id_t mi_subproc_main(void) {
return NULL;
}
mi_subproc_id_t mi_subproc_new(void) {
mi_memid_t memid = _mi_memid_none();
mi_subproc_t* subproc = (mi_subproc_t*)_mi_arena_meta_zalloc(sizeof(mi_subproc_t), &memid);
if (subproc == NULL) return NULL;
subproc->memid = memid;
subproc->abandoned_os_list = NULL;
mi_lock_init(&subproc->abandoned_os_lock);
mi_lock_init(&subproc->abandoned_os_visit_lock);
return subproc;
}
mi_subproc_t* _mi_subproc_from_id(mi_subproc_id_t subproc_id) {
return (subproc_id == NULL ? &mi_subproc_default : (mi_subproc_t*)subproc_id);
}
void mi_subproc_delete(mi_subproc_id_t subproc_id) {
if (subproc_id == NULL) return;
mi_subproc_t* subproc = _mi_subproc_from_id(subproc_id);
// check if there are no abandoned segments still..
bool safe_to_delete = false;
if (mi_lock_acquire(&subproc->abandoned_os_lock)) {
if (subproc->abandoned_os_list == NULL) {
safe_to_delete = true;
}
mi_lock_release(&subproc->abandoned_os_lock);
}
if (!safe_to_delete) return;
// safe to release
// todo: should we refcount subprocesses?
mi_lock_done(&subproc->abandoned_os_lock);
mi_lock_done(&subproc->abandoned_os_visit_lock);
_mi_arena_meta_free(subproc, subproc->memid, sizeof(mi_subproc_t));
}
void mi_subproc_add_current_thread(mi_subproc_id_t subproc_id) {
mi_heap_t* heap = mi_heap_get_default();
if (heap == NULL) return;
mi_assert(heap->tld->segments.subproc == &mi_subproc_default);
if (heap->tld->segments.subproc != &mi_subproc_default) return;
heap->tld->segments.subproc = _mi_subproc_from_id(subproc_id);
}
/* -----------------------------------------------------------
Initialization and freeing of the thread local heaps
----------------------------------------------------------- */
// note: in x64 in release build `sizeof(mi_thread_data_t)` is under 4KiB (= OS page size).
typedef struct mi_thread_data_s {
mi_heap_t heap; // must come first due to cast in `_mi_heap_done`
mi_tld_t tld;
mi_memid_t memid; // must come last due to zero'ing
} mi_thread_data_t;
// Thread meta-data is allocated directly from the OS. For
// some programs that do not use thread pools and allocate and
// destroy many OS threads, this may causes too much overhead
// per thread so we maintain a small cache of recently freed metadata.
#define TD_CACHE_SIZE (32)
static _Atomic(mi_thread_data_t*) td_cache[TD_CACHE_SIZE];
static mi_thread_data_t* mi_thread_data_zalloc(void) {
// try to find thread metadata in the cache
bool is_zero = false;
mi_thread_data_t* td = NULL;
for (int i = 0; i < TD_CACHE_SIZE; i++) {
td = mi_atomic_load_ptr_relaxed(mi_thread_data_t, &td_cache[i]);
if (td != NULL) {
// found cached allocation, try use it
td = mi_atomic_exchange_ptr_acq_rel(mi_thread_data_t, &td_cache[i], NULL);
if (td != NULL) {
break;
}
}
}
// if that fails, allocate as meta data
if (td == NULL) {
mi_memid_t memid;
td = (mi_thread_data_t*)_mi_os_alloc(sizeof(mi_thread_data_t), &memid);
if (td == NULL) {
// if this fails, try once more. (issue #257)
td = (mi_thread_data_t*)_mi_os_alloc(sizeof(mi_thread_data_t), &memid);
if (td == NULL) {
// really out of memory
_mi_error_message(ENOMEM, "unable to allocate thread local heap metadata (%zu bytes)\n", sizeof(mi_thread_data_t));
}
}
if (td != NULL) {
td->memid = memid;
is_zero = memid.initially_zero;
}
}
if (td != NULL && !is_zero) {
_mi_memzero_aligned(td, offsetof(mi_thread_data_t,memid));
}
return td;
}
static void mi_thread_data_free( mi_thread_data_t* tdfree ) {
// try to add the thread metadata to the cache
for (int i = 0; i < TD_CACHE_SIZE; i++) {
mi_thread_data_t* td = mi_atomic_load_ptr_relaxed(mi_thread_data_t, &td_cache[i]);
if (td == NULL) {
mi_thread_data_t* expected = NULL;
if (mi_atomic_cas_ptr_weak_acq_rel(mi_thread_data_t, &td_cache[i], &expected, tdfree)) {
return;
}
}
}
// if that fails, just free it directly
_mi_os_free(tdfree, sizeof(mi_thread_data_t), tdfree->memid);
}
void _mi_thread_data_collect(void) {
// free all thread metadata from the cache
for (int i = 0; i < TD_CACHE_SIZE; i++) {
mi_thread_data_t* td = mi_atomic_load_ptr_relaxed(mi_thread_data_t, &td_cache[i]);
if (td != NULL) {
td = mi_atomic_exchange_ptr_acq_rel(mi_thread_data_t, &td_cache[i], NULL);
if (td != NULL) {
_mi_os_free(td, sizeof(mi_thread_data_t), td->memid);
}
}
}
}
// Initialize the thread local default heap, called from `mi_thread_init`
static bool _mi_thread_heap_init(void) {
if (mi_heap_is_initialized(mi_prim_get_default_heap())) return true;
if (_mi_is_main_thread()) {
// mi_assert_internal(_mi_heap_main.thread_id != 0); // can happen on freeBSD where alloc is called before any initialization
// the main heap is statically allocated
mi_heap_main_init();
_mi_heap_set_default_direct(&_mi_heap_main);
//mi_assert_internal(_mi_heap_default->tld->heap_backing == mi_prim_get_default_heap());
}
else {
// use `_mi_os_alloc` to allocate directly from the OS
mi_thread_data_t* td = mi_thread_data_zalloc();
if (td == NULL) return false;
mi_tld_t* tld = &td->tld;
mi_heap_t* heap = &td->heap;
_mi_tld_init(tld, heap); // must be before `_mi_heap_init`
_mi_heap_init(heap, tld, _mi_arena_id_none(), false /* can reclaim */, 0 /* default tag */);
_mi_heap_set_default_direct(heap);
}
return false;
}
// initialize thread local data
void _mi_tld_init(mi_tld_t* tld, mi_heap_t* bheap) {
_mi_memzero_aligned(tld,sizeof(mi_tld_t));
tld->heap_backing = bheap;
tld->heaps = NULL;
tld->segments.subproc = &mi_subproc_default;
tld->segments.stats = &tld->stats;
}
// Free the thread local default heap (called from `mi_thread_done`)
static bool _mi_thread_heap_done(mi_heap_t* heap) {
if (!mi_heap_is_initialized(heap)) return true;
// reset default heap
_mi_heap_set_default_direct(_mi_is_main_thread() ? &_mi_heap_main : (mi_heap_t*)&_mi_heap_empty);
// switch to backing heap
heap = heap->tld->heap_backing;
if (!mi_heap_is_initialized(heap)) return false;
// delete all non-backing heaps in this thread
mi_heap_t* curr = heap->tld->heaps;
while (curr != NULL) {
mi_heap_t* next = curr->next; // save `next` as `curr` will be freed
if (curr != heap) {
mi_assert_internal(!mi_heap_is_backing(curr));
mi_heap_delete(curr);
}
curr = next;
}
mi_assert_internal(heap->tld->heaps == heap && heap->next == NULL);
mi_assert_internal(mi_heap_is_backing(heap));
// collect if not the main thread
if (heap != &_mi_heap_main) {
_mi_heap_collect_abandon(heap);
}
// merge stats
_mi_stats_done(&heap->tld->stats);
// free if not the main thread
if (heap != &_mi_heap_main) {
mi_assert_internal(heap->tld->segments.count == 0 || heap->thread_id != _mi_thread_id());
mi_thread_data_free((mi_thread_data_t*)heap);
}
else {
#if 0
// never free the main thread even in debug mode; if a dll is linked statically with mimalloc,
// there may still be delete/free calls after the mi_fls_done is called. Issue #207
_mi_heap_destroy_pages(heap);
mi_assert_internal(heap->tld->heap_backing == &_mi_heap_main);
#endif
}
return false;
}
// --------------------------------------------------------
// Try to run `mi_thread_done()` automatically so any memory
// owned by the thread but not yet released can be abandoned
// and re-owned by another thread.
//
// 1. windows dynamic library:
// call from DllMain on DLL_THREAD_DETACH
// 2. windows static library:
// use `FlsAlloc` to call a destructor when the thread is done
// 3. unix, pthreads:
// use a pthread key to call a destructor when a pthread is done
//
// In the last two cases we also need to call `mi_process_init`
// to set up the thread local keys.
// --------------------------------------------------------
// Set up handlers so `mi_thread_done` is called automatically
static void mi_process_setup_auto_thread_done(void) {
static bool tls_initialized = false; // fine if it races
if (tls_initialized) return;
tls_initialized = true;
_mi_prim_thread_init_auto_done();
_mi_heap_set_default_direct(&_mi_heap_main);
}
bool _mi_is_main_thread(void) {
return (_mi_heap_main.thread_id==0 || _mi_heap_main.thread_id == _mi_thread_id());
}
static _Atomic(size_t) thread_count = MI_ATOMIC_VAR_INIT(1);
size_t _mi_current_thread_count(void) {
return mi_atomic_load_relaxed(&thread_count);
}
// This is called from the `mi_malloc_generic`
void mi_thread_init(void) mi_attr_noexcept
{
// ensure our process has started already
mi_process_init();
// initialize the thread local default heap
// (this will call `_mi_heap_set_default_direct` and thus set the
// fiber/pthread key to a non-zero value, ensuring `_mi_thread_done` is called)
if (_mi_thread_heap_init()) return; // returns true if already initialized
_mi_stat_increase(&_mi_stats_main.threads, 1);
mi_atomic_increment_relaxed(&thread_count);
//_mi_verbose_message("thread init: 0x%zx\n", _mi_thread_id());
}
void mi_thread_done(void) mi_attr_noexcept {
_mi_thread_done(NULL);
}
void _mi_thread_done(mi_heap_t* heap)
{
// calling with NULL implies using the default heap
if (heap == NULL) {
heap = mi_prim_get_default_heap();
if (heap == NULL) return;
}
// prevent re-entrancy through heap_done/heap_set_default_direct (issue #699)
if (!mi_heap_is_initialized(heap)) {
return;
}
// adjust stats
mi_atomic_decrement_relaxed(&thread_count);
_mi_stat_decrease(&_mi_stats_main.threads, 1);
// check thread-id as on Windows shutdown with FLS the main (exit) thread may call this on thread-local heaps...
if (heap->thread_id != _mi_thread_id()) return;
// abandon the thread local heap
if (_mi_thread_heap_done(heap)) return; // returns true if already ran
}
void _mi_heap_set_default_direct(mi_heap_t* heap) {
mi_assert_internal(heap != NULL);
#if defined(MI_TLS_SLOT)
mi_prim_tls_slot_set(MI_TLS_SLOT,heap);
#elif defined(MI_TLS_PTHREAD_SLOT_OFS)
*mi_prim_tls_pthread_heap_slot() = heap;
#elif defined(MI_TLS_PTHREAD)
// we use _mi_heap_default_key
#else
_mi_heap_default = heap;
#endif
// ensure the default heap is passed to `_mi_thread_done`
// setting to a non-NULL value also ensures `mi_thread_done` is called.
_mi_prim_thread_associate_default_heap(heap);
}
// --------------------------------------------------------
// Run functions on process init/done, and thread init/done
// --------------------------------------------------------
static bool os_preloading = true; // true until this module is initialized
// Returns true if this module has not been initialized; Don't use C runtime routines until it returns false.
bool mi_decl_noinline _mi_preloading(void) {
return os_preloading;
}
// Called once by the process loader from `src/prim/prim.c`
void _mi_process_load(void) {
mi_heap_main_init();
#if defined(__APPLE__) || defined(MI_TLS_RECURSE_GUARD)
volatile mi_heap_t* dummy = _mi_heap_default; // access TLS to allocate it before setting tls_initialized to true;
if (dummy == NULL) return; // use dummy or otherwise the access may get optimized away (issue #697)
#endif
os_preloading = false;
mi_assert_internal(_mi_is_main_thread());
_mi_options_init();
mi_process_setup_auto_thread_done();
mi_process_init();
if (_mi_is_redirected()) _mi_verbose_message("malloc is redirected.\n");
// show message from the redirector (if present)
const char* msg = NULL;
_mi_allocator_init(&msg);
if (msg != NULL && (mi_option_is_enabled(mi_option_verbose) || mi_option_is_enabled(mi_option_show_errors))) {
_mi_fputs(NULL,NULL,NULL,msg);
}
// reseed random
_mi_random_reinit_if_weak(&_mi_heap_main.random);
}
#if defined(_WIN32) && (defined(_M_IX86) || defined(_M_X64))
#include <intrin.h>
mi_decl_cache_align bool _mi_cpu_has_fsrm = false;
mi_decl_cache_align bool _mi_cpu_has_erms = false;
static void mi_detect_cpu_features(void) {
// FSRM for fast short rep movsb/stosb support (AMD Zen3+ (~2020) or Intel Ice Lake+ (~2017))
// EMRS for fast enhanced rep movsb/stosb support
int32_t cpu_info[4];
__cpuid(cpu_info, 7);
_mi_cpu_has_fsrm = ((cpu_info[3] & (1 << 4)) != 0); // bit 4 of EDX : see <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CPUID#EAX=7,_ECX=0:_Extended_Features>
_mi_cpu_has_erms = ((cpu_info[2] & (1 << 9)) != 0); // bit 9 of ECX : see <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CPUID#EAX=7,_ECX=0:_Extended_Features>
}
#else
static void mi_detect_cpu_features(void) {
// nothing
}
#endif
// Initialize the process; called by thread_init or the process loader
void mi_process_init(void) mi_attr_noexcept {
// ensure we are called once
static mi_atomic_once_t process_init;
#if _MSC_VER < 1920
mi_heap_main_init(); // vs2017 can dynamically re-initialize _mi_heap_main
#endif
if (!mi_atomic_once(&process_init)) return;
_mi_process_is_initialized = true;
_mi_verbose_message("process init: 0x%zx\n", _mi_thread_id());
mi_process_setup_auto_thread_done();
mi_detect_cpu_features();
_mi_os_init();
mi_heap_main_init();
#if MI_DEBUG
_mi_verbose_message("debug level : %d\n", MI_DEBUG);
#endif
_mi_verbose_message("secure level: %d\n", MI_SECURE);
_mi_verbose_message("mem tracking: %s\n", MI_TRACK_TOOL);
#if MI_TSAN
_mi_verbose_message("thread santizer enabled\n");
#endif
mi_thread_init();
#if defined(_WIN32)
// On windows, when building as a static lib the FLS cleanup happens to early for the main thread.
// To avoid this, set the FLS value for the main thread to NULL so the fls cleanup
// will not call _mi_thread_done on the (still executing) main thread. See issue #508.
_mi_prim_thread_associate_default_heap(NULL);
#endif
mi_stats_reset(); // only call stat reset *after* thread init (or the heap tld == NULL)
mi_track_init();
if (mi_option_is_enabled(mi_option_reserve_huge_os_pages)) {
size_t pages = mi_option_get_clamp(mi_option_reserve_huge_os_pages, 0, 128*1024);
long reserve_at = mi_option_get(mi_option_reserve_huge_os_pages_at);
if (reserve_at != -1) {
mi_reserve_huge_os_pages_at(pages, reserve_at, pages*500);
} else {
mi_reserve_huge_os_pages_interleave(pages, 0, pages*500);
}
}
if (mi_option_is_enabled(mi_option_reserve_os_memory)) {
long ksize = mi_option_get(mi_option_reserve_os_memory);
if (ksize > 0) {
mi_reserve_os_memory((size_t)ksize*MI_KiB, true, true);
}
}
}
// Called when the process is done (through `at_exit`)
void mi_cdecl _mi_process_done(void) {
// only shutdown if we were initialized
if (!_mi_process_is_initialized) return;
// ensure we are called once
static bool process_done = false;
if (process_done) return;
process_done = true;
// release any thread specific resources and ensure _mi_thread_done is called on all but the main thread
_mi_prim_thread_done_auto_done();
#ifndef MI_SKIP_COLLECT_ON_EXIT
#if (MI_DEBUG || !defined(MI_SHARED_LIB))
// free all memory if possible on process exit. This is not needed for a stand-alone process
// but should be done if mimalloc is statically linked into another shared library which
// is repeatedly loaded/unloaded, see issue #281.
mi_collect(true /* force */ );
#endif
#endif
// Forcefully release all retained memory; this can be dangerous in general if overriding regular malloc/free
// since after process_done there might still be other code running that calls `free` (like at_exit routines,
// or C-runtime termination code.
if (mi_option_is_enabled(mi_option_destroy_on_exit)) {
mi_collect(true /* force */);
_mi_heap_unsafe_destroy_all(); // forcefully release all memory held by all heaps (of this thread only!)
_mi_arena_unsafe_destroy_all();
}
if (mi_option_is_enabled(mi_option_show_stats) || mi_option_is_enabled(mi_option_verbose)) {
mi_stats_print(NULL);
}
_mi_allocator_done();
_mi_verbose_message("process done: 0x%zx\n", _mi_heap_main.thread_id);
os_preloading = true; // don't call the C runtime anymore
}

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/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Copyright (c) 2018-2023, Microsoft Research, Daan Leijen
This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
terms of the MIT license. A copy of the license can be found in the file
"LICENSE" at the root of this distribution.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
// --------------------------------------------------------
// This module defines various std libc functions to reduce
// the dependency on libc, and also prevent errors caused
// by some libc implementations when called before `main`
// executes (due to malloc redirection)
// --------------------------------------------------------
#include "mimalloc.h"
#include "mimalloc/internal.h"
#include "mimalloc/prim.h" // mi_prim_getenv
char _mi_toupper(char c) {
if (c >= 'a' && c <= 'z') return (c - 'a' + 'A');
else return c;
}
int _mi_strnicmp(const char* s, const char* t, size_t n) {
if (n == 0) return 0;
for (; *s != 0 && *t != 0 && n > 0; s++, t++, n--) {
if (_mi_toupper(*s) != _mi_toupper(*t)) break;
}
return (n == 0 ? 0 : *s - *t);
}
void _mi_strlcpy(char* dest, const char* src, size_t dest_size) {
if (dest==NULL || src==NULL || dest_size == 0) return;
// copy until end of src, or when dest is (almost) full
while (*src != 0 && dest_size > 1) {
*dest++ = *src++;
dest_size--;
}
// always zero terminate
*dest = 0;
}
void _mi_strlcat(char* dest, const char* src, size_t dest_size) {
if (dest==NULL || src==NULL || dest_size == 0) return;
// find end of string in the dest buffer
while (*dest != 0 && dest_size > 1) {
dest++;
dest_size--;
}
// and catenate
_mi_strlcpy(dest, src, dest_size);
}
size_t _mi_strlen(const char* s) {
if (s==NULL) return 0;
size_t len = 0;
while(s[len] != 0) { len++; }
return len;
}
size_t _mi_strnlen(const char* s, size_t max_len) {
if (s==NULL) return 0;
size_t len = 0;
while(s[len] != 0 && len < max_len) { len++; }
return len;
}
#ifdef MI_NO_GETENV
bool _mi_getenv(const char* name, char* result, size_t result_size) {
MI_UNUSED(name);
MI_UNUSED(result);
MI_UNUSED(result_size);
return false;
}
#else
bool _mi_getenv(const char* name, char* result, size_t result_size) {
if (name==NULL || result == NULL || result_size < 64) return false;
return _mi_prim_getenv(name,result,result_size);
}
#endif
// --------------------------------------------------------
// Define our own limited `_mi_vsnprintf` and `_mi_snprintf`
// This is mostly to avoid calling these when libc is not yet
// initialized (and to reduce dependencies)
//
// format: d i, p x u, s
// prec: z l ll L
// width: 10
// align-left: -
// fill: 0
// plus: +
// --------------------------------------------------------
static void mi_outc(char c, char** out, char* end) {
char* p = *out;
if (p >= end) return;
*p = c;
*out = p + 1;
}
static void mi_outs(const char* s, char** out, char* end) {
if (s == NULL) return;
char* p = *out;
while (*s != 0 && p < end) {
*p++ = *s++;
}
*out = p;
}
static void mi_out_fill(char fill, size_t len, char** out, char* end) {
char* p = *out;
for (size_t i = 0; i < len && p < end; i++) {
*p++ = fill;
}
*out = p;
}
static void mi_out_alignright(char fill, char* start, size_t len, size_t extra, char* end) {
if (len == 0 || extra == 0) return;
if (start + len + extra >= end) return;
// move `len` characters to the right (in reverse since it can overlap)
for (size_t i = 1; i <= len; i++) {
start[len + extra - i] = start[len - i];
}
// and fill the start
for (size_t i = 0; i < extra; i++) {
start[i] = fill;
}
}
static void mi_out_num(uintmax_t x, size_t base, char prefix, char** out, char* end)
{
if (x == 0 || base == 0 || base > 16) {
if (prefix != 0) { mi_outc(prefix, out, end); }
mi_outc('0',out,end);
}
else {
// output digits in reverse
char* start = *out;
while (x > 0) {
char digit = (char)(x % base);
mi_outc((digit <= 9 ? '0' + digit : 'A' + digit - 10),out,end);
x = x / base;
}
if (prefix != 0) {
mi_outc(prefix, out, end);
}
size_t len = *out - start;
// and reverse in-place
for (size_t i = 0; i < (len / 2); i++) {
char c = start[len - i - 1];
start[len - i - 1] = start[i];
start[i] = c;
}
}
}
#define MI_NEXTC() c = *in; if (c==0) break; in++;
void _mi_vsnprintf(char* buf, size_t bufsize, const char* fmt, va_list args) {
if (buf == NULL || bufsize == 0 || fmt == NULL) return;
buf[bufsize - 1] = 0;
char* const end = buf + (bufsize - 1);
const char* in = fmt;
char* out = buf;
while (true) {
if (out >= end) break;
char c;
MI_NEXTC();
if (c != '%') {
if ((c >= ' ' && c <= '~') || c=='\n' || c=='\r' || c=='\t') { // output visible ascii or standard control only
mi_outc(c, &out, end);
}
}
else {
MI_NEXTC();
char fill = ' ';
size_t width = 0;
char numtype = 'd';
char numplus = 0;
bool alignright = true;
if (c == '+' || c == ' ') { numplus = c; MI_NEXTC(); }
if (c == '-') { alignright = false; MI_NEXTC(); }
if (c == '0') { fill = '0'; MI_NEXTC(); }
if (c >= '1' && c <= '9') {
width = (c - '0'); MI_NEXTC();
while (c >= '0' && c <= '9') {
width = (10 * width) + (c - '0'); MI_NEXTC();
}
if (c == 0) break; // extra check due to while
}
if (c == 'z' || c == 't' || c == 'L') { numtype = c; MI_NEXTC(); }
else if (c == 'l') {
numtype = c; MI_NEXTC();
if (c == 'l') { numtype = 'L'; MI_NEXTC(); }
}
char* start = out;
if (c == 's') {
// string
const char* s = va_arg(args, const char*);
mi_outs(s, &out, end);
}
else if (c == 'p' || c == 'x' || c == 'u') {
// unsigned
uintmax_t x = 0;
if (c == 'x' || c == 'u') {
if (numtype == 'z') x = va_arg(args, size_t);
else if (numtype == 't') x = va_arg(args, uintptr_t); // unsigned ptrdiff_t
else if (numtype == 'L') x = va_arg(args, unsigned long long);
else if (numtype == 'l') x = va_arg(args, unsigned long);
else x = va_arg(args, unsigned int);
}
else if (c == 'p') {
x = va_arg(args, uintptr_t);
mi_outs("0x", &out, end);
start = out;
width = (width >= 2 ? width - 2 : 0);
}
if (width == 0 && (c == 'x' || c == 'p')) {
if (c == 'p') { width = 2 * (x <= UINT32_MAX ? 4 : ((x >> 16) <= UINT32_MAX ? 6 : sizeof(void*))); }
if (width == 0) { width = 2; }
fill = '0';
}
mi_out_num(x, (c == 'x' || c == 'p' ? 16 : 10), numplus, &out, end);
}
else if (c == 'i' || c == 'd') {
// signed
intmax_t x = 0;
if (numtype == 'z') x = va_arg(args, intptr_t );
else if (numtype == 't') x = va_arg(args, ptrdiff_t);
else if (numtype == 'L') x = va_arg(args, long long);
else if (numtype == 'l') x = va_arg(args, long);
else x = va_arg(args, int);
char pre = 0;
if (x < 0) {
pre = '-';
if (x > INTMAX_MIN) { x = -x; }
}
else if (numplus != 0) {
pre = numplus;
}
mi_out_num((uintmax_t)x, 10, pre, &out, end);
}
else if (c >= ' ' && c <= '~') {
// unknown format
mi_outc('%', &out, end);
mi_outc(c, &out, end);
}
// fill & align
mi_assert_internal(out <= end);
mi_assert_internal(out >= start);
const size_t len = out - start;
if (len < width) {
mi_out_fill(fill, width - len, &out, end);
if (alignright && out <= end) {
mi_out_alignright(fill, start, len, width - len, end);
}
}
}
}
mi_assert_internal(out <= end);
*out = 0;
}
void _mi_snprintf(char* buf, size_t buflen, const char* fmt, ...) {
va_list args;
va_start(args, fmt);
_mi_vsnprintf(buf, buflen, fmt, args);
va_end(args);
}

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/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Copyright (c) 2018-2021, Microsoft Research, Daan Leijen
This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
terms of the MIT license. A copy of the license can be found in the file
"LICENSE" at the root of this distribution.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "mimalloc.h"
#include "mimalloc/internal.h"
#include "mimalloc/atomic.h"
#include "mimalloc/prim.h" // mi_prim_out_stderr
#include <stdio.h> // stdin/stdout
#include <stdlib.h> // abort
static long mi_max_error_count = 16; // stop outputting errors after this (use < 0 for no limit)
static long mi_max_warning_count = 16; // stop outputting warnings after this (use < 0 for no limit)
static void mi_add_stderr_output(void);
int mi_version(void) mi_attr_noexcept {
return MI_MALLOC_VERSION;
}
// --------------------------------------------------------
// Options
// These can be accessed by multiple threads and may be
// concurrently initialized, but an initializing data race
// is ok since they resolve to the same value.
// --------------------------------------------------------
typedef enum mi_init_e {
UNINIT, // not yet initialized
DEFAULTED, // not found in the environment, use default value
INITIALIZED // found in environment or set explicitly
} mi_init_t;
typedef struct mi_option_desc_s {
long value; // the value
mi_init_t init; // is it initialized yet? (from the environment)
mi_option_t option; // for debugging: the option index should match the option
const char* name; // option name without `mimalloc_` prefix
const char* legacy_name; // potential legacy option name
} mi_option_desc_t;
#define MI_OPTION(opt) mi_option_##opt, #opt, NULL
#define MI_OPTION_LEGACY(opt,legacy) mi_option_##opt, #opt, #legacy
// Some options can be set at build time for statically linked libraries
// (use `-DMI_EXTRA_CPPDEFS="opt1=val1;opt2=val2"`)
//
// This is useful if we cannot pass them as environment variables
// (and setting them programmatically would be too late)
#ifndef MI_DEFAULT_VERBOSE
#define MI_DEFAULT_VERBOSE 1
#endif
#ifndef MI_DEFAULT_EAGER_COMMIT
#define MI_DEFAULT_EAGER_COMMIT 1
#endif
#ifndef MI_DEFAULT_ARENA_EAGER_COMMIT
#define MI_DEFAULT_ARENA_EAGER_COMMIT 2
#endif
// in KiB
#ifndef MI_DEFAULT_ARENA_RESERVE
#if (MI_INTPTR_SIZE>4)
#define MI_DEFAULT_ARENA_RESERVE 1024L*1024L
#else
#define MI_DEFAULT_ARENA_RESERVE 128L*1024L
#endif
#endif
#ifndef MI_DEFAULT_DISALLOW_ARENA_ALLOC
#define MI_DEFAULT_DISALLOW_ARENA_ALLOC 0
#endif
#ifndef MI_DEFAULT_ALLOW_LARGE_OS_PAGES
#define MI_DEFAULT_ALLOW_LARGE_OS_PAGES 0
#endif
#ifndef MI_DEFAULT_RESERVE_HUGE_OS_PAGES
#define MI_DEFAULT_RESERVE_HUGE_OS_PAGES 0
#endif
#ifndef MI_DEFAULT_RESERVE_OS_MEMORY
#define MI_DEFAULT_RESERVE_OS_MEMORY 0
#endif
#ifndef MI_DEFAULT_GUARDED_SAMPLE_RATE
#if MI_GUARDED
#define MI_DEFAULT_GUARDED_SAMPLE_RATE 4000
#else
#define MI_DEFAULT_GUARDED_SAMPLE_RATE 0
#endif
#endif
static mi_option_desc_t options[_mi_option_last] =
{
// stable options
#if MI_DEBUG || defined(MI_SHOW_ERRORS)
{ 1, UNINIT, MI_OPTION(show_errors) },
#else
{ 0, UNINIT, MI_OPTION(show_errors) },
#endif
{ 0, UNINIT, MI_OPTION(show_stats) },
{ MI_DEFAULT_VERBOSE, UNINIT, MI_OPTION(verbose) },
// some of the following options are experimental and not all combinations are allowed.
{ MI_DEFAULT_EAGER_COMMIT,
UNINIT, MI_OPTION(eager_commit) }, // commit per segment directly (4MiB) (but see also `eager_commit_delay`)
{ MI_DEFAULT_ARENA_EAGER_COMMIT,
UNINIT, MI_OPTION_LEGACY(arena_eager_commit,eager_region_commit) }, // eager commit arena's? 2 is used to enable this only on an OS that has overcommit (i.e. linux)
{ 1, UNINIT, MI_OPTION_LEGACY(purge_decommits,reset_decommits) }, // purge decommits memory (instead of reset) (note: on linux this uses MADV_DONTNEED for decommit)
{ MI_DEFAULT_ALLOW_LARGE_OS_PAGES,
UNINIT, MI_OPTION_LEGACY(allow_large_os_pages,large_os_pages) }, // use large OS pages, use only with eager commit to prevent fragmentation of VMA's
{ MI_DEFAULT_RESERVE_HUGE_OS_PAGES,
UNINIT, MI_OPTION(reserve_huge_os_pages) }, // per 1GiB huge pages
{-1, UNINIT, MI_OPTION(reserve_huge_os_pages_at) }, // reserve huge pages at node N
{ MI_DEFAULT_RESERVE_OS_MEMORY,
UNINIT, MI_OPTION(reserve_os_memory) }, // reserve N KiB OS memory in advance (use `option_get_size`)
{ 0, UNINIT, MI_OPTION(deprecated_segment_cache) }, // cache N segments per thread
{ 0, UNINIT, MI_OPTION(deprecated_page_reset) }, // reset page memory on free
{ 0, UNINIT, MI_OPTION(abandoned_page_purge) }, // purge free page memory when a thread terminates
{ 0, UNINIT, MI_OPTION(deprecated_segment_reset) }, // reset segment memory on free (needs eager commit)
#if defined(__NetBSD__)
{ 0, UNINIT, MI_OPTION(eager_commit_delay) }, // the first N segments per thread are not eagerly committed
#else
{ 1, UNINIT, MI_OPTION(eager_commit_delay) }, // the first N segments per thread are not eagerly committed (but per page in the segment on demand)
#endif
{ 10, UNINIT, MI_OPTION_LEGACY(purge_delay,reset_delay) }, // purge delay in milli-seconds
{ 0, UNINIT, MI_OPTION(use_numa_nodes) }, // 0 = use available numa nodes, otherwise use at most N nodes.
{ 0, UNINIT, MI_OPTION_LEGACY(disallow_os_alloc,limit_os_alloc) }, // 1 = do not use OS memory for allocation (but only reserved arenas)
{ 100, UNINIT, MI_OPTION(os_tag) }, // only apple specific for now but might serve more or less related purpose
{ 32, UNINIT, MI_OPTION(max_errors) }, // maximum errors that are output
{ 32, UNINIT, MI_OPTION(max_warnings) }, // maximum warnings that are output
{ 10, UNINIT, MI_OPTION(max_segment_reclaim)}, // max. percentage of the abandoned segments to be reclaimed per try.
{ 0, UNINIT, MI_OPTION(destroy_on_exit)}, // release all OS memory on process exit; careful with dangling pointer or after-exit frees!
{ MI_DEFAULT_ARENA_RESERVE, UNINIT, MI_OPTION(arena_reserve) }, // reserve memory N KiB at a time (=1GiB) (use `option_get_size`)
{ 10, UNINIT, MI_OPTION(arena_purge_mult) }, // purge delay multiplier for arena's
{ 1, UNINIT, MI_OPTION_LEGACY(purge_extend_delay, decommit_extend_delay) },
{ 1, UNINIT, MI_OPTION(abandoned_reclaim_on_free) },// reclaim an abandoned segment on a free
{ MI_DEFAULT_DISALLOW_ARENA_ALLOC, UNINIT, MI_OPTION(disallow_arena_alloc) }, // 1 = do not use arena's for allocation (except if using specific arena id's)
{ 400, UNINIT, MI_OPTION(retry_on_oom) }, // windows only: retry on out-of-memory for N milli seconds (=400), set to 0 to disable retries.
#if defined(MI_VISIT_ABANDONED)
{ 1, INITIALIZED, MI_OPTION(visit_abandoned) }, // allow visiting heap blocks in abandonded segments; requires taking locks during reclaim.
#else
{ 0, UNINIT, MI_OPTION(visit_abandoned) },
#endif
{ 0, UNINIT, MI_OPTION(guarded_min) }, // only used when building with MI_GUARDED: minimal rounded object size for guarded objects
{ MI_GiB, UNINIT, MI_OPTION(guarded_max) }, // only used when building with MI_GUARDED: maximal rounded object size for guarded objects
{ 0, UNINIT, MI_OPTION(guarded_precise) }, // disregard minimal alignment requirement to always place guarded blocks exactly in front of a guard page (=0)
{ MI_DEFAULT_GUARDED_SAMPLE_RATE,
UNINIT, MI_OPTION(guarded_sample_rate)}, // 1 out of N allocations in the min/max range will be guarded (=4000)
{ 0, UNINIT, MI_OPTION(guarded_sample_seed)},
{ 0, UNINIT, MI_OPTION(target_segments_per_thread) }, // abandon segments beyond this point, or 0 to disable.
};
static void mi_option_init(mi_option_desc_t* desc);
static bool mi_option_has_size_in_kib(mi_option_t option) {
return (option == mi_option_reserve_os_memory || option == mi_option_arena_reserve);
}
void _mi_options_init(void) {
// called on process load
mi_add_stderr_output(); // now it safe to use stderr for output
for(int i = 0; i < _mi_option_last; i++ ) {
mi_option_t option = (mi_option_t)i;
long l = mi_option_get(option); MI_UNUSED(l); // initialize
// if (option != mi_option_verbose)
{
mi_option_desc_t* desc = &options[option];
_mi_verbose_message("option '%s': %ld %s\n", desc->name, desc->value, (mi_option_has_size_in_kib(option) ? "KiB" : ""));
}
}
mi_max_error_count = mi_option_get(mi_option_max_errors);
mi_max_warning_count = mi_option_get(mi_option_max_warnings);
#if MI_GUARDED
if (mi_option_get(mi_option_guarded_sample_rate) > 0) {
if (mi_option_is_enabled(mi_option_allow_large_os_pages)) {
mi_option_disable(mi_option_allow_large_os_pages);
_mi_warning_message("option 'allow_large_os_pages' is disabled to allow for guarded objects\n");
}
}
_mi_verbose_message("guarded build: %s\n", mi_option_get(mi_option_guarded_sample_rate) != 0 ? "enabled" : "disabled");
#endif
}
long _mi_option_get_fast(mi_option_t option) {
mi_assert(option >= 0 && option < _mi_option_last);
mi_option_desc_t* desc = &options[option];
mi_assert(desc->option == option); // index should match the option
//mi_assert(desc->init != UNINIT);
return desc->value;
}
mi_decl_nodiscard long mi_option_get(mi_option_t option) {
mi_assert(option >= 0 && option < _mi_option_last);
if (option < 0 || option >= _mi_option_last) return 0;
mi_option_desc_t* desc = &options[option];
mi_assert(desc->option == option); // index should match the option
if mi_unlikely(desc->init == UNINIT) {
mi_option_init(desc);
}
return desc->value;
}
mi_decl_nodiscard long mi_option_get_clamp(mi_option_t option, long min, long max) {
long x = mi_option_get(option);
return (x < min ? min : (x > max ? max : x));
}
mi_decl_nodiscard size_t mi_option_get_size(mi_option_t option) {
const long x = mi_option_get(option);
size_t size = (x < 0 ? 0 : (size_t)x);
if (mi_option_has_size_in_kib(option)) {
size *= MI_KiB;
}
return size;
}
void mi_option_set(mi_option_t option, long value) {
mi_assert(option >= 0 && option < _mi_option_last);
if (option < 0 || option >= _mi_option_last) return;
mi_option_desc_t* desc = &options[option];
mi_assert(desc->option == option); // index should match the option
desc->value = value;
desc->init = INITIALIZED;
// ensure min/max range; be careful to not recurse.
if (desc->option == mi_option_guarded_min && _mi_option_get_fast(mi_option_guarded_max) < value) {
mi_option_set(mi_option_guarded_max, value);
}
else if (desc->option == mi_option_guarded_max && _mi_option_get_fast(mi_option_guarded_min) > value) {
mi_option_set(mi_option_guarded_min, value);
}
}
void mi_option_set_default(mi_option_t option, long value) {
mi_assert(option >= 0 && option < _mi_option_last);
if (option < 0 || option >= _mi_option_last) return;
mi_option_desc_t* desc = &options[option];
if (desc->init != INITIALIZED) {
desc->value = value;
}
}
mi_decl_nodiscard bool mi_option_is_enabled(mi_option_t option) {
return (mi_option_get(option) != 0);
}
void mi_option_set_enabled(mi_option_t option, bool enable) {
mi_option_set(option, (enable ? 1 : 0));
}
void mi_option_set_enabled_default(mi_option_t option, bool enable) {
mi_option_set_default(option, (enable ? 1 : 0));
}
void mi_option_enable(mi_option_t option) {
mi_option_set_enabled(option,true);
}
void mi_option_disable(mi_option_t option) {
mi_option_set_enabled(option,false);
}
static void mi_cdecl mi_out_stderr(const char* msg, void* arg) {
MI_UNUSED(arg);
if (msg != NULL && msg[0] != 0) {
_mi_prim_out_stderr(msg);
}
}
// Since an output function can be registered earliest in the `main`
// function we also buffer output that happens earlier. When
// an output function is registered it is called immediately with
// the output up to that point.
#ifndef MI_MAX_DELAY_OUTPUT
#define MI_MAX_DELAY_OUTPUT ((size_t)(16*1024))
#endif
static char out_buf[MI_MAX_DELAY_OUTPUT+1];
static _Atomic(size_t) out_len;
static void mi_cdecl mi_out_buf(const char* msg, void* arg) {
MI_UNUSED(arg);
if (msg==NULL) return;
if (mi_atomic_load_relaxed(&out_len)>=MI_MAX_DELAY_OUTPUT) return;
size_t n = _mi_strlen(msg);
if (n==0) return;
// claim space
size_t start = mi_atomic_add_acq_rel(&out_len, n);
if (start >= MI_MAX_DELAY_OUTPUT) return;
// check bound
if (start+n >= MI_MAX_DELAY_OUTPUT) {
n = MI_MAX_DELAY_OUTPUT-start-1;
}
_mi_memcpy(&out_buf[start], msg, n);
}
static void mi_out_buf_flush(mi_output_fun* out, bool no_more_buf, void* arg) {
if (out==NULL) return;
// claim (if `no_more_buf == true`, no more output will be added after this point)
size_t count = mi_atomic_add_acq_rel(&out_len, (no_more_buf ? MI_MAX_DELAY_OUTPUT : 1));
// and output the current contents
if (count>MI_MAX_DELAY_OUTPUT) count = MI_MAX_DELAY_OUTPUT;
out_buf[count] = 0;
out(out_buf,arg);
if (!no_more_buf) {
out_buf[count] = '\n'; // if continue with the buffer, insert a newline
}
}
// Once this module is loaded, switch to this routine
// which outputs to stderr and the delayed output buffer.
static void mi_cdecl mi_out_buf_stderr(const char* msg, void* arg) {
mi_out_stderr(msg,arg);
mi_out_buf(msg,arg);
}
// --------------------------------------------------------
// Default output handler
// --------------------------------------------------------
// Should be atomic but gives errors on many platforms as generally we cannot cast a function pointer to a uintptr_t.
// For now, don't register output from multiple threads.
static mi_output_fun* volatile mi_out_default; // = NULL
static _Atomic(void*) mi_out_arg; // = NULL
static mi_output_fun* mi_out_get_default(void** parg) {
if (parg != NULL) { *parg = mi_atomic_load_ptr_acquire(void,&mi_out_arg); }
mi_output_fun* out = mi_out_default;
return (out == NULL ? &mi_out_buf : out);
}
void mi_register_output(mi_output_fun* out, void* arg) mi_attr_noexcept {
mi_out_default = (out == NULL ? &mi_out_stderr : out); // stop using the delayed output buffer
mi_atomic_store_ptr_release(void,&mi_out_arg, arg);
if (out!=NULL) mi_out_buf_flush(out,true,arg); // output all the delayed output now
}
// add stderr to the delayed output after the module is loaded
static void mi_add_stderr_output(void) {
mi_assert_internal(mi_out_default == NULL);
mi_out_buf_flush(&mi_out_stderr, false, NULL); // flush current contents to stderr
mi_out_default = &mi_out_buf_stderr; // and add stderr to the delayed output
}
// --------------------------------------------------------
// Messages, all end up calling `_mi_fputs`.
// --------------------------------------------------------
static _Atomic(size_t) error_count; // = 0; // when >= max_error_count stop emitting errors
static _Atomic(size_t) warning_count; // = 0; // when >= max_warning_count stop emitting warnings
// When overriding malloc, we may recurse into mi_vfprintf if an allocation
// inside the C runtime causes another message.
// In some cases (like on macOS) the loader already allocates which
// calls into mimalloc; if we then access thread locals (like `recurse`)
// this may crash as the access may call _tlv_bootstrap that tries to
// (recursively) invoke malloc again to allocate space for the thread local
// variables on demand. This is why we use a _mi_preloading test on such
// platforms. However, C code generator may move the initial thread local address
// load before the `if` and we therefore split it out in a separate funcion.
static mi_decl_thread bool recurse = false;
static mi_decl_noinline bool mi_recurse_enter_prim(void) {
if (recurse) return false;
recurse = true;
return true;
}
static mi_decl_noinline void mi_recurse_exit_prim(void) {
recurse = false;
}
static bool mi_recurse_enter(void) {
#if defined(__APPLE__) || defined(MI_TLS_RECURSE_GUARD)
if (_mi_preloading()) return false;
#endif
return mi_recurse_enter_prim();
}
static void mi_recurse_exit(void) {
#if defined(__APPLE__) || defined(MI_TLS_RECURSE_GUARD)
if (_mi_preloading()) return;
#endif
mi_recurse_exit_prim();
}
void _mi_fputs(mi_output_fun* out, void* arg, const char* prefix, const char* message) {
if (out==NULL || (void*)out==(void*)stdout || (void*)out==(void*)stderr) { // TODO: use mi_out_stderr for stderr?
if (!mi_recurse_enter()) return;
out = mi_out_get_default(&arg);
if (prefix != NULL) out(prefix, arg);
out(message, arg);
mi_recurse_exit();
}
else {
if (prefix != NULL) out(prefix, arg);
out(message, arg);
}
}
// Define our own limited `fprintf` that avoids memory allocation.
// We do this using `_mi_vsnprintf` with a limited buffer.
static void mi_vfprintf( mi_output_fun* out, void* arg, const char* prefix, const char* fmt, va_list args ) {
char buf[512];
if (fmt==NULL) return;
if (!mi_recurse_enter()) return;
_mi_vsnprintf(buf, sizeof(buf)-1, fmt, args);
mi_recurse_exit();
_mi_fputs(out,arg,prefix,buf);
}
void _mi_fprintf( mi_output_fun* out, void* arg, const char* fmt, ... ) {
va_list args;
va_start(args,fmt);
mi_vfprintf(out,arg,NULL,fmt,args);
va_end(args);
}
static void mi_vfprintf_thread(mi_output_fun* out, void* arg, const char* prefix, const char* fmt, va_list args) {
if (prefix != NULL && _mi_strnlen(prefix,33) <= 32 && !_mi_is_main_thread()) {
char tprefix[64];
_mi_snprintf(tprefix, sizeof(tprefix), "%sthread 0x%tx: ", prefix, (uintptr_t)_mi_thread_id());
mi_vfprintf(out, arg, tprefix, fmt, args);
}
else {
mi_vfprintf(out, arg, prefix, fmt, args);
}
}
void _mi_trace_message(const char* fmt, ...) {
if (mi_option_get(mi_option_verbose) <= 1) return; // only with verbose level 2 or higher
va_list args;
va_start(args, fmt);
mi_vfprintf_thread(NULL, NULL, "mimalloc: ", fmt, args);
va_end(args);
}
void _mi_verbose_message(const char* fmt, ...) {
if (!mi_option_is_enabled(mi_option_verbose)) return;
va_list args;
va_start(args,fmt);
mi_vfprintf(NULL, NULL, "mimalloc: ", fmt, args);
va_end(args);
}
static void mi_show_error_message(const char* fmt, va_list args) {
if (!mi_option_is_enabled(mi_option_verbose)) {
if (!mi_option_is_enabled(mi_option_show_errors)) return;
if (mi_max_error_count >= 0 && (long)mi_atomic_increment_acq_rel(&error_count) > mi_max_error_count) return;
}
mi_vfprintf_thread(NULL, NULL, "mimalloc: error: ", fmt, args);
}
void _mi_warning_message(const char* fmt, ...) {
if (!mi_option_is_enabled(mi_option_verbose)) {
if (!mi_option_is_enabled(mi_option_show_errors)) return;
if (mi_max_warning_count >= 0 && (long)mi_atomic_increment_acq_rel(&warning_count) > mi_max_warning_count) return;
}
va_list args;
va_start(args,fmt);
mi_vfprintf_thread(NULL, NULL, "mimalloc: warning: ", fmt, args);
va_end(args);
}
#if MI_DEBUG
void _mi_assert_fail(const char* assertion, const char* fname, unsigned line, const char* func ) {
_mi_fprintf(NULL, NULL, "mimalloc: assertion failed: at \"%s\":%u, %s\n assertion: \"%s\"\n", fname, line, (func==NULL?"":func), assertion);
abort();
}
#endif
// --------------------------------------------------------
// Errors
// --------------------------------------------------------
static mi_error_fun* volatile mi_error_handler; // = NULL
static _Atomic(void*) mi_error_arg; // = NULL
static void mi_error_default(int err) {
MI_UNUSED(err);
#if (MI_DEBUG>0)
if (err==EFAULT) {
#ifdef _MSC_VER
__debugbreak();
#endif
abort();
}
#endif
#if (MI_SECURE>0)
if (err==EFAULT) { // abort on serious errors in secure mode (corrupted meta-data)
abort();
}
#endif
#if defined(MI_XMALLOC)
if (err==ENOMEM || err==EOVERFLOW) { // abort on memory allocation fails in xmalloc mode
abort();
}
#endif
}
void mi_register_error(mi_error_fun* fun, void* arg) {
mi_error_handler = fun; // can be NULL
mi_atomic_store_ptr_release(void,&mi_error_arg, arg);
}
void _mi_error_message(int err, const char* fmt, ...) {
// show detailed error message
va_list args;
va_start(args, fmt);
mi_show_error_message(fmt, args);
va_end(args);
// and call the error handler which may abort (or return normally)
if (mi_error_handler != NULL) {
mi_error_handler(err, mi_atomic_load_ptr_acquire(void,&mi_error_arg));
}
else {
mi_error_default(err);
}
}
// --------------------------------------------------------
// Initialize options by checking the environment
// --------------------------------------------------------
// TODO: implement ourselves to reduce dependencies on the C runtime
#include <stdlib.h> // strtol
#include <string.h> // strstr
static void mi_option_init(mi_option_desc_t* desc) {
// Read option value from the environment
char s[64 + 1];
char buf[64+1];
_mi_strlcpy(buf, "mimalloc_", sizeof(buf));
_mi_strlcat(buf, desc->name, sizeof(buf));
bool found = _mi_getenv(buf, s, sizeof(s));
if (!found && desc->legacy_name != NULL) {
_mi_strlcpy(buf, "mimalloc_", sizeof(buf));
_mi_strlcat(buf, desc->legacy_name, sizeof(buf));
found = _mi_getenv(buf, s, sizeof(s));
if (found) {
_mi_warning_message("environment option \"mimalloc_%s\" is deprecated -- use \"mimalloc_%s\" instead.\n", desc->legacy_name, desc->name);
}
}
if (found) {
size_t len = _mi_strnlen(s, sizeof(buf) - 1);
for (size_t i = 0; i < len; i++) {
buf[i] = _mi_toupper(s[i]);
}
buf[len] = 0;
if (buf[0] == 0 || strstr("1;TRUE;YES;ON", buf) != NULL) {
desc->value = 1;
desc->init = INITIALIZED;
}
else if (strstr("0;FALSE;NO;OFF", buf) != NULL) {
desc->value = 0;
desc->init = INITIALIZED;
}
else {
char* end = buf;
long value = strtol(buf, &end, 10);
if (mi_option_has_size_in_kib(desc->option)) {
// this option is interpreted in KiB to prevent overflow of `long` for large allocations
// (long is 32-bit on 64-bit windows, which allows for 4TiB max.)
size_t size = (value < 0 ? 0 : (size_t)value);
bool overflow = false;
if (*end == 'K') { end++; }
else if (*end == 'M') { overflow = mi_mul_overflow(size,MI_KiB,&size); end++; }
else if (*end == 'G') { overflow = mi_mul_overflow(size,MI_MiB,&size); end++; }
else if (*end == 'T') { overflow = mi_mul_overflow(size,MI_GiB,&size); end++; }
else { size = (size + MI_KiB - 1) / MI_KiB; }
if (end[0] == 'I' && end[1] == 'B') { end += 2; } // KiB, MiB, GiB, TiB
else if (*end == 'B') { end++; } // Kb, Mb, Gb, Tb
if (overflow || size > MI_MAX_ALLOC_SIZE) { size = (MI_MAX_ALLOC_SIZE / MI_KiB); }
value = (size > LONG_MAX ? LONG_MAX : (long)size);
}
if (*end == 0) {
mi_option_set(desc->option, value);
}
else {
// set `init` first to avoid recursion through _mi_warning_message on mimalloc_verbose.
desc->init = DEFAULTED;
if (desc->option == mi_option_verbose && desc->value == 0) {
// if the 'mimalloc_verbose' env var has a bogus value we'd never know
// (since the value defaults to 'off') so in that case briefly enable verbose
desc->value = 1;
_mi_warning_message("environment option mimalloc_%s has an invalid value.\n", desc->name);
desc->value = 0;
}
else {
_mi_warning_message("environment option mimalloc_%s has an invalid value.\n", desc->name);
}
}
}
mi_assert_internal(desc->init != UNINIT);
}
else if (!_mi_preloading()) {
desc->init = DEFAULTED;
}
}

713
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/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Copyright (c) 2018-2023, Microsoft Research, Daan Leijen
This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
terms of the MIT license. A copy of the license can be found in the file
"LICENSE" at the root of this distribution.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "mimalloc.h"
#include "mimalloc/internal.h"
#include "mimalloc/atomic.h"
#include "mimalloc/prim.h"
#define os_stats (&_mi_stats_main)
/* -----------------------------------------------------------
Initialization.
----------------------------------------------------------- */
#ifndef MI_DEFAULT_VIRTUAL_ADDRESS_BITS
#if MI_INTPTR_SIZE < 8
#define MI_DEFAULT_VIRTUAL_ADDRESS_BITS 32
#else
#define MI_DEFAULT_VIRTUAL_ADDRESS_BITS 48
#endif
#endif
#ifndef MI_DEFAULT_PHYSICAL_MEMORY
#if MI_INTPTR_SIZE < 8
#define MI_DEFAULT_PHYSICAL_MEMORY 4*MI_GiB
#else
#define MI_DEFAULT_PHYSICAL_MEMORY 32*MI_GiB
#endif
#endif
static mi_os_mem_config_t mi_os_mem_config = {
4096, // page size
0, // large page size (usually 2MiB)
4096, // allocation granularity
MI_DEFAULT_PHYSICAL_MEMORY,
MI_DEFAULT_VIRTUAL_ADDRESS_BITS,
true, // has overcommit? (if true we use MAP_NORESERVE on mmap systems)
false, // can we partially free allocated blocks? (on mmap systems we can free anywhere in a mapped range, but on Windows we must free the entire span)
true // has virtual reserve? (if true we can reserve virtual address space without using commit or physical memory)
};
bool _mi_os_has_overcommit(void) {
return mi_os_mem_config.has_overcommit;
}
bool _mi_os_has_virtual_reserve(void) {
return mi_os_mem_config.has_virtual_reserve;
}
// OS (small) page size
size_t _mi_os_page_size(void) {
return mi_os_mem_config.page_size;
}
// if large OS pages are supported (2 or 4MiB), then return the size, otherwise return the small page size (4KiB)
size_t _mi_os_large_page_size(void) {
return (mi_os_mem_config.large_page_size != 0 ? mi_os_mem_config.large_page_size : _mi_os_page_size());
}
bool _mi_os_use_large_page(size_t size, size_t alignment) {
// if we have access, check the size and alignment requirements
if (mi_os_mem_config.large_page_size == 0 || !mi_option_is_enabled(mi_option_allow_large_os_pages)) return false;
return ((size % mi_os_mem_config.large_page_size) == 0 && (alignment % mi_os_mem_config.large_page_size) == 0);
}
// round to a good OS allocation size (bounded by max 12.5% waste)
size_t _mi_os_good_alloc_size(size_t size) {
size_t align_size;
if (size < 512*MI_KiB) align_size = _mi_os_page_size();
else if (size < 2*MI_MiB) align_size = 64*MI_KiB;
else if (size < 8*MI_MiB) align_size = 256*MI_KiB;
else if (size < 32*MI_MiB) align_size = 1*MI_MiB;
else align_size = 4*MI_MiB;
if mi_unlikely(size >= (SIZE_MAX - align_size)) return size; // possible overflow?
return _mi_align_up(size, align_size);
}
void _mi_os_init(void) {
_mi_prim_mem_init(&mi_os_mem_config);
}
/* -----------------------------------------------------------
Util
-------------------------------------------------------------- */
bool _mi_os_decommit(void* addr, size_t size);
bool _mi_os_commit(void* addr, size_t size, bool* is_zero);
static inline uintptr_t _mi_align_down(uintptr_t sz, size_t alignment) {
mi_assert_internal(alignment != 0);
uintptr_t mask = alignment - 1;
if ((alignment & mask) == 0) { // power of two?
return (sz & ~mask);
}
else {
return ((sz / alignment) * alignment);
}
}
static void* mi_align_down_ptr(void* p, size_t alignment) {
return (void*)_mi_align_down((uintptr_t)p, alignment);
}
/* -----------------------------------------------------------
aligned hinting
-------------------------------------------------------------- */
// On systems with enough virtual address bits, we can do efficient aligned allocation by using
// the 2TiB to 30TiB area to allocate those. If we have at least 46 bits of virtual address
// space (64TiB) we use this technique. (but see issue #939)
#if (MI_INTPTR_SIZE >= 8) && !defined(MI_NO_ALIGNED_HINT)
static mi_decl_cache_align _Atomic(uintptr_t)aligned_base;
// Return a MI_SEGMENT_SIZE aligned address that is probably available.
// If this returns NULL, the OS will determine the address but on some OS's that may not be
// properly aligned which can be more costly as it needs to be adjusted afterwards.
// For a size > 1GiB this always returns NULL in order to guarantee good ASLR randomization;
// (otherwise an initial large allocation of say 2TiB has a 50% chance to include (known) addresses
// in the middle of the 2TiB - 6TiB address range (see issue #372))
#define MI_HINT_BASE ((uintptr_t)2 << 40) // 2TiB start
#define MI_HINT_AREA ((uintptr_t)4 << 40) // upto 6TiB (since before win8 there is "only" 8TiB available to processes)
#define MI_HINT_MAX ((uintptr_t)30 << 40) // wrap after 30TiB (area after 32TiB is used for huge OS pages)
void* _mi_os_get_aligned_hint(size_t try_alignment, size_t size)
{
if (try_alignment <= 1 || try_alignment > MI_SEGMENT_SIZE) return NULL;
if (mi_os_mem_config.virtual_address_bits < 46) return NULL; // < 64TiB virtual address space
size = _mi_align_up(size, MI_SEGMENT_SIZE);
if (size > 1*MI_GiB) return NULL; // guarantee the chance of fixed valid address is at most 1/(MI_HINT_AREA / 1<<30) = 1/4096.
#if (MI_SECURE>0)
size += MI_SEGMENT_SIZE; // put in `MI_SEGMENT_SIZE` virtual gaps between hinted blocks; this splits VLA's but increases guarded areas.
#endif
uintptr_t hint = mi_atomic_add_acq_rel(&aligned_base, size);
if (hint == 0 || hint > MI_HINT_MAX) { // wrap or initialize
uintptr_t init = MI_HINT_BASE;
#if (MI_SECURE>0 || MI_DEBUG==0) // security: randomize start of aligned allocations unless in debug mode
uintptr_t r = _mi_heap_random_next(mi_prim_get_default_heap());
init = init + ((MI_SEGMENT_SIZE * ((r>>17) & 0xFFFFF)) % MI_HINT_AREA); // (randomly 20 bits)*4MiB == 0 to 4TiB
#endif
uintptr_t expected = hint + size;
mi_atomic_cas_strong_acq_rel(&aligned_base, &expected, init);
hint = mi_atomic_add_acq_rel(&aligned_base, size); // this may still give 0 or > MI_HINT_MAX but that is ok, it is a hint after all
}
if (hint%try_alignment != 0) return NULL;
return (void*)hint;
}
#else
void* _mi_os_get_aligned_hint(size_t try_alignment, size_t size) {
MI_UNUSED(try_alignment); MI_UNUSED(size);
return NULL;
}
#endif
/* -----------------------------------------------------------
Free memory
-------------------------------------------------------------- */
static void mi_os_free_huge_os_pages(void* p, size_t size);
static void mi_os_prim_free(void* addr, size_t size, bool still_committed) {
mi_assert_internal((size % _mi_os_page_size()) == 0);
if (addr == NULL || size == 0) return; // || _mi_os_is_huge_reserved(addr)
int err = _mi_prim_free(addr, size);
if (err != 0) {
_mi_warning_message("unable to free OS memory (error: %d (0x%x), size: 0x%zx bytes, address: %p)\n", err, err, size, addr);
}
if (still_committed) { _mi_stat_decrease(&os_stats->committed, size); }
_mi_stat_decrease(&os_stats->reserved, size);
}
void _mi_os_free_ex(void* addr, size_t size, bool still_committed, mi_memid_t memid) {
if (mi_memkind_is_os(memid.memkind)) {
size_t csize = _mi_os_good_alloc_size(size);
void* base = addr;
// different base? (due to alignment)
if (memid.mem.os.base != NULL) {
mi_assert(memid.mem.os.base <= addr);
mi_assert((uint8_t*)memid.mem.os.base + memid.mem.os.alignment >= (uint8_t*)addr);
base = memid.mem.os.base;
csize += ((uint8_t*)addr - (uint8_t*)memid.mem.os.base);
}
// free it
if (memid.memkind == MI_MEM_OS_HUGE) {
mi_assert(memid.is_pinned);
mi_os_free_huge_os_pages(base, csize);
}
else {
mi_os_prim_free(base, csize, still_committed);
}
}
else {
// nothing to do
mi_assert(memid.memkind < MI_MEM_OS);
}
}
void _mi_os_free(void* p, size_t size, mi_memid_t memid) {
_mi_os_free_ex(p, size, true, memid);
}
/* -----------------------------------------------------------
Primitive allocation from the OS.
-------------------------------------------------------------- */
// Note: the `try_alignment` is just a hint and the returned pointer is not guaranteed to be aligned.
// Also `hint_addr` is a hint and may be ignored.
static void* mi_os_prim_alloc_at(void* hint_addr, size_t size, size_t try_alignment, bool commit, bool allow_large, bool* is_large, bool* is_zero) {
mi_assert_internal(size > 0 && (size % _mi_os_page_size()) == 0);
mi_assert_internal(is_zero != NULL);
mi_assert_internal(is_large != NULL);
if (size == 0) return NULL;
if (!commit) { allow_large = false; }
if (try_alignment == 0) { try_alignment = 1; } // avoid 0 to ensure there will be no divide by zero when aligning
*is_zero = false;
void* p = NULL;
int err = _mi_prim_alloc(hint_addr, size, try_alignment, commit, allow_large, is_large, is_zero, &p);
if (err != 0) {
_mi_warning_message("unable to allocate OS memory (error: %d (0x%x), addr: %p, size: 0x%zx bytes, align: 0x%zx, commit: %d, allow large: %d)\n", err, err, hint_addr, size, try_alignment, commit, allow_large);
}
mi_stat_counter_increase(os_stats->mmap_calls, 1);
if (p != NULL) {
_mi_stat_increase(&os_stats->reserved, size);
if (commit) {
_mi_stat_increase(&os_stats->committed, size);
// seems needed for asan (or `mimalloc-test-api` fails)
#ifdef MI_TRACK_ASAN
if (*is_zero) { mi_track_mem_defined(p,size); }
else { mi_track_mem_undefined(p,size); }
#endif
}
}
return p;
}
static void* mi_os_prim_alloc(size_t size, size_t try_alignment, bool commit, bool allow_large, bool* is_large, bool* is_zero) {
return mi_os_prim_alloc_at(NULL, size, try_alignment, commit, allow_large, is_large, is_zero);
}
// Primitive aligned allocation from the OS.
// This function guarantees the allocated memory is aligned.
static void* mi_os_prim_alloc_aligned(size_t size, size_t alignment, bool commit, bool allow_large, bool* is_large, bool* is_zero, void** base) {
mi_assert_internal(alignment >= _mi_os_page_size() && ((alignment & (alignment - 1)) == 0));
mi_assert_internal(size > 0 && (size % _mi_os_page_size()) == 0);
mi_assert_internal(is_large != NULL);
mi_assert_internal(is_zero != NULL);
mi_assert_internal(base != NULL);
if (!commit) allow_large = false;
if (!(alignment >= _mi_os_page_size() && ((alignment & (alignment - 1)) == 0))) return NULL;
size = _mi_align_up(size, _mi_os_page_size());
// try first with a requested alignment hint (this will usually be aligned directly on Win 10+ or BSD)
void* p = mi_os_prim_alloc(size, alignment, commit, allow_large, is_large, is_zero);
if (p == NULL) return NULL;
// aligned already?
if (((uintptr_t)p % alignment) == 0) {
*base = p;
}
else {
// if not aligned, free it, overallocate, and unmap around it
#if !MI_TRACK_ASAN
_mi_warning_message("unable to allocate aligned OS memory directly, fall back to over-allocation (size: 0x%zx bytes, address: %p, alignment: 0x%zx, commit: %d)\n", size, p, alignment, commit);
#endif
mi_os_prim_free(p, size, commit);
if (size >= (SIZE_MAX - alignment)) return NULL; // overflow
const size_t over_size = size + alignment;
if (!mi_os_mem_config.has_partial_free) { // win32 virtualAlloc cannot free parts of an allocated block
// over-allocate uncommitted (virtual) memory
p = mi_os_prim_alloc(over_size, 1 /*alignment*/, false /* commit? */, false /* allow_large */, is_large, is_zero);
if (p == NULL) return NULL;
// set p to the aligned part in the full region
// note: this is dangerous on Windows as VirtualFree needs the actual base pointer
// this is handled though by having the `base` field in the memid's
*base = p; // remember the base
p = mi_align_up_ptr(p, alignment);
// explicitly commit only the aligned part
if (commit) {
_mi_os_commit(p, size, NULL);
}
}
else { // mmap can free inside an allocation
// overallocate...
p = mi_os_prim_alloc(over_size, 1, commit, false, is_large, is_zero);
if (p == NULL) return NULL;
// and selectively unmap parts around the over-allocated area.
void* aligned_p = mi_align_up_ptr(p, alignment);
size_t pre_size = (uint8_t*)aligned_p - (uint8_t*)p;
size_t mid_size = _mi_align_up(size, _mi_os_page_size());
size_t post_size = over_size - pre_size - mid_size;
mi_assert_internal(pre_size < over_size&& post_size < over_size&& mid_size >= size);
if (pre_size > 0) { mi_os_prim_free(p, pre_size, commit); }
if (post_size > 0) { mi_os_prim_free((uint8_t*)aligned_p + mid_size, post_size, commit); }
// we can return the aligned pointer on `mmap` systems
p = aligned_p;
*base = aligned_p; // since we freed the pre part, `*base == p`.
}
}
mi_assert_internal(p == NULL || (p != NULL && *base != NULL && ((uintptr_t)p % alignment) == 0));
return p;
}
/* -----------------------------------------------------------
OS API: alloc and alloc_aligned
----------------------------------------------------------- */
void* _mi_os_alloc(size_t size, mi_memid_t* memid) {
*memid = _mi_memid_none();
if (size == 0) return NULL;
size = _mi_os_good_alloc_size(size);
bool os_is_large = false;
bool os_is_zero = false;
void* p = mi_os_prim_alloc(size, 0, true, false, &os_is_large, &os_is_zero);
if (p != NULL) {
*memid = _mi_memid_create_os(true, os_is_zero, os_is_large);
}
return p;
}
void* _mi_os_alloc_aligned(size_t size, size_t alignment, bool commit, bool allow_large, mi_memid_t* memid)
{
MI_UNUSED(&_mi_os_get_aligned_hint); // suppress unused warnings
*memid = _mi_memid_none();
if (size == 0) return NULL;
size = _mi_os_good_alloc_size(size);
alignment = _mi_align_up(alignment, _mi_os_page_size());
bool os_is_large = false;
bool os_is_zero = false;
void* os_base = NULL;
void* p = mi_os_prim_alloc_aligned(size, alignment, commit, allow_large, &os_is_large, &os_is_zero, &os_base );
if (p != NULL) {
*memid = _mi_memid_create_os(commit, os_is_zero, os_is_large);
memid->mem.os.base = os_base;
memid->mem.os.alignment = alignment;
}
return p;
}
/* -----------------------------------------------------------
OS aligned allocation with an offset. This is used
for large alignments > MI_BLOCK_ALIGNMENT_MAX. We use a large mimalloc
page where the object can be aligned at an offset from the start of the segment.
As we may need to overallocate, we need to free such pointers using `mi_free_aligned`
to use the actual start of the memory region.
----------------------------------------------------------- */
void* _mi_os_alloc_aligned_at_offset(size_t size, size_t alignment, size_t offset, bool commit, bool allow_large, mi_memid_t* memid) {
mi_assert(offset <= MI_SEGMENT_SIZE);
mi_assert(offset <= size);
mi_assert((alignment % _mi_os_page_size()) == 0);
*memid = _mi_memid_none();
if (offset > MI_SEGMENT_SIZE) return NULL;
if (offset == 0) {
// regular aligned allocation
return _mi_os_alloc_aligned(size, alignment, commit, allow_large, memid);
}
else {
// overallocate to align at an offset
const size_t extra = _mi_align_up(offset, alignment) - offset;
const size_t oversize = size + extra;
void* const start = _mi_os_alloc_aligned(oversize, alignment, commit, allow_large, memid);
if (start == NULL) return NULL;
void* const p = (uint8_t*)start + extra;
mi_assert(_mi_is_aligned((uint8_t*)p + offset, alignment));
// decommit the overallocation at the start
if (commit && extra > _mi_os_page_size()) {
_mi_os_decommit(start, extra);
}
return p;
}
}
/* -----------------------------------------------------------
OS memory API: reset, commit, decommit, protect, unprotect.
----------------------------------------------------------- */
// OS page align within a given area, either conservative (pages inside the area only),
// or not (straddling pages outside the area is possible)
static void* mi_os_page_align_areax(bool conservative, void* addr, size_t size, size_t* newsize) {
mi_assert(addr != NULL && size > 0);
if (newsize != NULL) *newsize = 0;
if (size == 0 || addr == NULL) return NULL;
// page align conservatively within the range
void* start = (conservative ? mi_align_up_ptr(addr, _mi_os_page_size())
: mi_align_down_ptr(addr, _mi_os_page_size()));
void* end = (conservative ? mi_align_down_ptr((uint8_t*)addr + size, _mi_os_page_size())
: mi_align_up_ptr((uint8_t*)addr + size, _mi_os_page_size()));
ptrdiff_t diff = (uint8_t*)end - (uint8_t*)start;
if (diff <= 0) return NULL;
mi_assert_internal((conservative && (size_t)diff <= size) || (!conservative && (size_t)diff >= size));
if (newsize != NULL) *newsize = (size_t)diff;
return start;
}
static void* mi_os_page_align_area_conservative(void* addr, size_t size, size_t* newsize) {
return mi_os_page_align_areax(true, addr, size, newsize);
}
bool _mi_os_commit(void* addr, size_t size, bool* is_zero) {
if (is_zero != NULL) { *is_zero = false; }
_mi_stat_increase(&os_stats->committed, size); // use size for precise commit vs. decommit
_mi_stat_counter_increase(&os_stats->commit_calls, 1);
// page align range
size_t csize;
void* start = mi_os_page_align_areax(false /* conservative? */, addr, size, &csize);
if (csize == 0) return true;
// commit
bool os_is_zero = false;
int err = _mi_prim_commit(start, csize, &os_is_zero);
if (err != 0) {
_mi_warning_message("cannot commit OS memory (error: %d (0x%x), address: %p, size: 0x%zx bytes)\n", err, err, start, csize);
return false;
}
if (os_is_zero && is_zero != NULL) {
*is_zero = true;
mi_assert_expensive(mi_mem_is_zero(start, csize));
}
// note: the following seems required for asan (otherwise `mimalloc-test-stress` fails)
#ifdef MI_TRACK_ASAN
if (os_is_zero) { mi_track_mem_defined(start,csize); }
else { mi_track_mem_undefined(start,csize); }
#endif
return true;
}
static bool mi_os_decommit_ex(void* addr, size_t size, bool* needs_recommit) { mi_assert_internal(needs_recommit!=NULL);
_mi_stat_decrease(&os_stats->committed, size);
// page align
size_t csize;
void* start = mi_os_page_align_area_conservative(addr, size, &csize);
if (csize == 0) return true;
// decommit
*needs_recommit = true;
int err = _mi_prim_decommit(start,csize,needs_recommit);
if (err != 0) {
_mi_warning_message("cannot decommit OS memory (error: %d (0x%x), address: %p, size: 0x%zx bytes)\n", err, err, start, csize);
}
mi_assert_internal(err == 0);
return (err == 0);
}
bool _mi_os_decommit(void* addr, size_t size) {
bool needs_recommit;
return mi_os_decommit_ex(addr, size, &needs_recommit);
}
// Signal to the OS that the address range is no longer in use
// but may be used later again. This will release physical memory
// pages and reduce swapping while keeping the memory committed.
// We page align to a conservative area inside the range to reset.
bool _mi_os_reset(void* addr, size_t size) {
// page align conservatively within the range
size_t csize;
void* start = mi_os_page_align_area_conservative(addr, size, &csize);
if (csize == 0) return true; // || _mi_os_is_huge_reserved(addr)
_mi_stat_increase(&os_stats->reset, csize);
_mi_stat_counter_increase(&os_stats->reset_calls, 1);
#if (MI_DEBUG>1) && !MI_SECURE && !MI_TRACK_ENABLED // && !MI_TSAN
memset(start, 0, csize); // pretend it is eagerly reset
#endif
int err = _mi_prim_reset(start, csize);
if (err != 0) {
_mi_warning_message("cannot reset OS memory (error: %d (0x%x), address: %p, size: 0x%zx bytes)\n", err, err, start, csize);
}
return (err == 0);
}
// either resets or decommits memory, returns true if the memory needs
// to be recommitted if it is to be re-used later on.
bool _mi_os_purge_ex(void* p, size_t size, bool allow_reset)
{
if (mi_option_get(mi_option_purge_delay) < 0) return false; // is purging allowed?
_mi_stat_counter_increase(&os_stats->purge_calls, 1);
_mi_stat_increase(&os_stats->purged, size);
if (mi_option_is_enabled(mi_option_purge_decommits) && // should decommit?
!_mi_preloading()) // don't decommit during preloading (unsafe)
{
bool needs_recommit = true;
mi_os_decommit_ex(p, size, &needs_recommit);
return needs_recommit;
}
else {
if (allow_reset) { // this can sometimes be not allowed if the range is not fully committed
_mi_os_reset(p, size);
}
return false; // needs no recommit
}
}
// either resets or decommits memory, returns true if the memory needs
// to be recommitted if it is to be re-used later on.
bool _mi_os_purge(void* p, size_t size) {
return _mi_os_purge_ex(p, size, true);
}
// Protect a region in memory to be not accessible.
static bool mi_os_protectx(void* addr, size_t size, bool protect) {
// page align conservatively within the range
size_t csize = 0;
void* start = mi_os_page_align_area_conservative(addr, size, &csize);
if (csize == 0) return false;
/*
if (_mi_os_is_huge_reserved(addr)) {
_mi_warning_message("cannot mprotect memory allocated in huge OS pages\n");
}
*/
int err = _mi_prim_protect(start,csize,protect);
if (err != 0) {
_mi_warning_message("cannot %s OS memory (error: %d (0x%x), address: %p, size: 0x%zx bytes)\n", (protect ? "protect" : "unprotect"), err, err, start, csize);
}
return (err == 0);
}
bool _mi_os_protect(void* addr, size_t size) {
return mi_os_protectx(addr, size, true);
}
bool _mi_os_unprotect(void* addr, size_t size) {
return mi_os_protectx(addr, size, false);
}
/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Support for allocating huge OS pages (1Gib) that are reserved up-front
and possibly associated with a specific NUMA node. (use `numa_node>=0`)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#define MI_HUGE_OS_PAGE_SIZE (MI_GiB)
#if (MI_INTPTR_SIZE >= 8)
// To ensure proper alignment, use our own area for huge OS pages
static mi_decl_cache_align _Atomic(uintptr_t) mi_huge_start; // = 0
// Claim an aligned address range for huge pages
static uint8_t* mi_os_claim_huge_pages(size_t pages, size_t* total_size) {
if (total_size != NULL) *total_size = 0;
const size_t size = pages * MI_HUGE_OS_PAGE_SIZE;
uintptr_t start = 0;
uintptr_t end = 0;
uintptr_t huge_start = mi_atomic_load_relaxed(&mi_huge_start);
do {
start = huge_start;
if (start == 0) {
// Initialize the start address after the 32TiB area
start = ((uintptr_t)32 << 40); // 32TiB virtual start address
#if (MI_SECURE>0 || MI_DEBUG==0) // security: randomize start of huge pages unless in debug mode
uintptr_t r = _mi_heap_random_next(mi_prim_get_default_heap());
start = start + ((uintptr_t)MI_HUGE_OS_PAGE_SIZE * ((r>>17) & 0x0FFF)); // (randomly 12bits)*1GiB == between 0 to 4TiB
#endif
}
end = start + size;
mi_assert_internal(end % MI_SEGMENT_SIZE == 0);
} while (!mi_atomic_cas_strong_acq_rel(&mi_huge_start, &huge_start, end));
if (total_size != NULL) *total_size = size;
return (uint8_t*)start;
}
#else
static uint8_t* mi_os_claim_huge_pages(size_t pages, size_t* total_size) {
MI_UNUSED(pages);
if (total_size != NULL) *total_size = 0;
return NULL;
}
#endif
// Allocate MI_SEGMENT_SIZE aligned huge pages
void* _mi_os_alloc_huge_os_pages(size_t pages, int numa_node, mi_msecs_t max_msecs, size_t* pages_reserved, size_t* psize, mi_memid_t* memid) {
*memid = _mi_memid_none();
if (psize != NULL) *psize = 0;
if (pages_reserved != NULL) *pages_reserved = 0;
size_t size = 0;
uint8_t* start = mi_os_claim_huge_pages(pages, &size);
if (start == NULL) return NULL; // or 32-bit systems
// Allocate one page at the time but try to place them contiguously
// We allocate one page at the time to be able to abort if it takes too long
// or to at least allocate as many as available on the system.
mi_msecs_t start_t = _mi_clock_start();
size_t page = 0;
bool all_zero = true;
while (page < pages) {
// allocate a page
bool is_zero = false;
void* addr = start + (page * MI_HUGE_OS_PAGE_SIZE);
void* p = NULL;
int err = _mi_prim_alloc_huge_os_pages(addr, MI_HUGE_OS_PAGE_SIZE, numa_node, &is_zero, &p);
if (!is_zero) { all_zero = false; }
if (err != 0) {
_mi_warning_message("unable to allocate huge OS page (error: %d (0x%x), address: %p, size: %zx bytes)\n", err, err, addr, MI_HUGE_OS_PAGE_SIZE);
break;
}
// Did we succeed at a contiguous address?
if (p != addr) {
// no success, issue a warning and break
if (p != NULL) {
_mi_warning_message("could not allocate contiguous huge OS page %zu at %p\n", page, addr);
mi_os_prim_free(p, MI_HUGE_OS_PAGE_SIZE, true);
}
break;
}
// success, record it
page++; // increase before timeout check (see issue #711)
_mi_stat_increase(&os_stats->committed, MI_HUGE_OS_PAGE_SIZE);
_mi_stat_increase(&os_stats->reserved, MI_HUGE_OS_PAGE_SIZE);
// check for timeout
if (max_msecs > 0) {
mi_msecs_t elapsed = _mi_clock_end(start_t);
if (page >= 1) {
mi_msecs_t estimate = ((elapsed / (page+1)) * pages);
if (estimate > 2*max_msecs) { // seems like we are going to timeout, break
elapsed = max_msecs + 1;
}
}
if (elapsed > max_msecs) {
_mi_warning_message("huge OS page allocation timed out (after allocating %zu page(s))\n", page);
break;
}
}
}
mi_assert_internal(page*MI_HUGE_OS_PAGE_SIZE <= size);
if (pages_reserved != NULL) { *pages_reserved = page; }
if (psize != NULL) { *psize = page * MI_HUGE_OS_PAGE_SIZE; }
if (page != 0) {
mi_assert(start != NULL);
*memid = _mi_memid_create_os(true /* is committed */, all_zero, true /* is_large */);
memid->memkind = MI_MEM_OS_HUGE;
mi_assert(memid->is_pinned);
#ifdef MI_TRACK_ASAN
if (all_zero) { mi_track_mem_defined(start,size); }
#endif
}
return (page == 0 ? NULL : start);
}
// free every huge page in a range individually (as we allocated per page)
// note: needed with VirtualAlloc but could potentially be done in one go on mmap'd systems.
static void mi_os_free_huge_os_pages(void* p, size_t size) {
if (p==NULL || size==0) return;
uint8_t* base = (uint8_t*)p;
while (size >= MI_HUGE_OS_PAGE_SIZE) {
mi_os_prim_free(base, MI_HUGE_OS_PAGE_SIZE, true);
size -= MI_HUGE_OS_PAGE_SIZE;
base += MI_HUGE_OS_PAGE_SIZE;
}
}
/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Support NUMA aware allocation
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
_Atomic(size_t) _mi_numa_node_count; // = 0 // cache the node count
size_t _mi_os_numa_node_count_get(void) {
size_t count = mi_atomic_load_acquire(&_mi_numa_node_count);
if (count <= 0) {
long ncount = mi_option_get(mi_option_use_numa_nodes); // given explicitly?
if (ncount > 0) {
count = (size_t)ncount;
}
else {
count = _mi_prim_numa_node_count(); // or detect dynamically
if (count == 0) count = 1;
}
mi_atomic_store_release(&_mi_numa_node_count, count); // save it
_mi_verbose_message("using %zd numa regions\n", count);
}
return count;
}
int _mi_os_numa_node_get(void) {
size_t numa_count = _mi_os_numa_node_count();
if (numa_count<=1) return 0; // optimize on single numa node systems: always node 0
// never more than the node count and >= 0
size_t numa_node = _mi_prim_numa_node();
if (numa_node >= numa_count) { numa_node = numa_node % numa_count; }
return (int)numa_node;
}

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/*----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Copyright (c) 2018-2024, Microsoft Research, Daan Leijen
This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
terms of the MIT license. A copy of the license can be found in the file
"LICENSE" at the root of this distribution.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* -----------------------------------------------------------
Definition of page queues for each block size
----------------------------------------------------------- */
#ifndef MI_IN_PAGE_C
#error "this file should be included from 'page.c'"
// include to help an IDE
#include "mimalloc.h"
#include "mimalloc/internal.h"
#include "mimalloc/atomic.h"
#endif
/* -----------------------------------------------------------
Minimal alignment in machine words (i.e. `sizeof(void*)`)
----------------------------------------------------------- */
#if (MI_MAX_ALIGN_SIZE > 4*MI_INTPTR_SIZE)
#error "define alignment for more than 4x word size for this platform"
#elif (MI_MAX_ALIGN_SIZE > 2*MI_INTPTR_SIZE)
#define MI_ALIGN4W // 4 machine words minimal alignment
#elif (MI_MAX_ALIGN_SIZE > MI_INTPTR_SIZE)
#define MI_ALIGN2W // 2 machine words minimal alignment
#else
// ok, default alignment is 1 word
#endif
/* -----------------------------------------------------------
Queue query
----------------------------------------------------------- */
static inline bool mi_page_queue_is_huge(const mi_page_queue_t* pq) {
return (pq->block_size == (MI_LARGE_OBJ_SIZE_MAX+sizeof(uintptr_t)));
}
static inline bool mi_page_queue_is_full(const mi_page_queue_t* pq) {
return (pq->block_size == (MI_LARGE_OBJ_SIZE_MAX+(2*sizeof(uintptr_t))));
}
static inline bool mi_page_queue_is_special(const mi_page_queue_t* pq) {
return (pq->block_size > MI_LARGE_OBJ_SIZE_MAX);
}
/* -----------------------------------------------------------
Bins
----------------------------------------------------------- */
// Return the bin for a given field size.
// Returns MI_BIN_HUGE if the size is too large.
// We use `wsize` for the size in "machine word sizes",
// i.e. byte size == `wsize*sizeof(void*)`.
static inline uint8_t mi_bin(size_t size) {
size_t wsize = _mi_wsize_from_size(size);
uint8_t bin;
if (wsize <= 1) {
bin = 1;
}
#if defined(MI_ALIGN4W)
else if (wsize <= 4) {
bin = (uint8_t)((wsize+1)&~1); // round to double word sizes
}
#elif defined(MI_ALIGN2W)
else if (wsize <= 8) {
bin = (uint8_t)((wsize+1)&~1); // round to double word sizes
}
#else
else if (wsize <= 8) {
bin = (uint8_t)wsize;
}
#endif
else if (wsize > MI_LARGE_OBJ_WSIZE_MAX) {
bin = MI_BIN_HUGE;
}
else {
#if defined(MI_ALIGN4W)
if (wsize <= 16) { wsize = (wsize+3)&~3; } // round to 4x word sizes
#endif
wsize--;
// find the highest bit
uint8_t b = (uint8_t)mi_bsr(wsize); // note: wsize != 0
// and use the top 3 bits to determine the bin (~12.5% worst internal fragmentation).
// - adjust with 3 because we use do not round the first 8 sizes
// which each get an exact bin
bin = ((b << 2) + (uint8_t)((wsize >> (b - 2)) & 0x03)) - 3;
mi_assert_internal(bin < MI_BIN_HUGE);
}
mi_assert_internal(bin > 0 && bin <= MI_BIN_HUGE);
return bin;
}
/* -----------------------------------------------------------
Queue of pages with free blocks
----------------------------------------------------------- */
uint8_t _mi_bin(size_t size) {
return mi_bin(size);
}
size_t _mi_bin_size(uint8_t bin) {
return _mi_heap_empty.pages[bin].block_size;
}
// Good size for allocation
size_t mi_good_size(size_t size) mi_attr_noexcept {
if (size <= MI_LARGE_OBJ_SIZE_MAX) {
return _mi_bin_size(mi_bin(size + MI_PADDING_SIZE));
}
else {
return _mi_align_up(size + MI_PADDING_SIZE,_mi_os_page_size());
}
}
#if (MI_DEBUG>1)
static bool mi_page_queue_contains(mi_page_queue_t* queue, const mi_page_t* page) {
mi_assert_internal(page != NULL);
mi_page_t* list = queue->first;
while (list != NULL) {
mi_assert_internal(list->next == NULL || list->next->prev == list);
mi_assert_internal(list->prev == NULL || list->prev->next == list);
if (list == page) break;
list = list->next;
}
return (list == page);
}
#endif
#if (MI_DEBUG>1)
static bool mi_heap_contains_queue(const mi_heap_t* heap, const mi_page_queue_t* pq) {
return (pq >= &heap->pages[0] && pq <= &heap->pages[MI_BIN_FULL]);
}
#endif
static mi_page_queue_t* mi_heap_page_queue_of(mi_heap_t* heap, const mi_page_t* page) {
mi_assert_internal(heap!=NULL);
uint8_t bin = (mi_page_is_in_full(page) ? MI_BIN_FULL : (mi_page_is_huge(page) ? MI_BIN_HUGE : mi_bin(mi_page_block_size(page))));
mi_assert_internal(bin <= MI_BIN_FULL);
mi_page_queue_t* pq = &heap->pages[bin];
mi_assert_internal((mi_page_block_size(page) == pq->block_size) ||
(mi_page_is_huge(page) && mi_page_queue_is_huge(pq)) ||
(mi_page_is_in_full(page) && mi_page_queue_is_full(pq)));
return pq;
}
static mi_page_queue_t* mi_page_queue_of(const mi_page_t* page) {
mi_heap_t* heap = mi_page_heap(page);
mi_page_queue_t* pq = mi_heap_page_queue_of(heap, page);
mi_assert_expensive(mi_page_queue_contains(pq, page));
return pq;
}
// The current small page array is for efficiency and for each
// small size (up to 256) it points directly to the page for that
// size without having to compute the bin. This means when the
// current free page queue is updated for a small bin, we need to update a
// range of entries in `_mi_page_small_free`.
static inline void mi_heap_queue_first_update(mi_heap_t* heap, const mi_page_queue_t* pq) {
mi_assert_internal(mi_heap_contains_queue(heap,pq));
size_t size = pq->block_size;
if (size > MI_SMALL_SIZE_MAX) return;
mi_page_t* page = pq->first;
if (pq->first == NULL) page = (mi_page_t*)&_mi_page_empty;
// find index in the right direct page array
size_t start;
size_t idx = _mi_wsize_from_size(size);
mi_page_t** pages_free = heap->pages_free_direct;
if (pages_free[idx] == page) return; // already set
// find start slot
if (idx<=1) {
start = 0;
}
else {
// find previous size; due to minimal alignment upto 3 previous bins may need to be skipped
uint8_t bin = mi_bin(size);
const mi_page_queue_t* prev = pq - 1;
while( bin == mi_bin(prev->block_size) && prev > &heap->pages[0]) {
prev--;
}
start = 1 + _mi_wsize_from_size(prev->block_size);
if (start > idx) start = idx;
}
// set size range to the right page
mi_assert(start <= idx);
for (size_t sz = start; sz <= idx; sz++) {
pages_free[sz] = page;
}
}
/*
static bool mi_page_queue_is_empty(mi_page_queue_t* queue) {
return (queue->first == NULL);
}
*/
static void mi_page_queue_remove(mi_page_queue_t* queue, mi_page_t* page) {
mi_assert_internal(page != NULL);
mi_assert_expensive(mi_page_queue_contains(queue, page));
mi_assert_internal(mi_page_block_size(page) == queue->block_size ||
(mi_page_is_huge(page) && mi_page_queue_is_huge(queue)) ||
(mi_page_is_in_full(page) && mi_page_queue_is_full(queue)));
mi_heap_t* heap = mi_page_heap(page);
if (page->prev != NULL) page->prev->next = page->next;
if (page->next != NULL) page->next->prev = page->prev;
if (page == queue->last) queue->last = page->prev;
if (page == queue->first) {
queue->first = page->next;
// update first
mi_assert_internal(mi_heap_contains_queue(heap, queue));
mi_heap_queue_first_update(heap,queue);
}
heap->page_count--;
page->next = NULL;
page->prev = NULL;
// mi_atomic_store_ptr_release(mi_atomic_cast(void*, &page->heap), NULL);
mi_page_set_in_full(page,false);
}
static void mi_page_queue_push(mi_heap_t* heap, mi_page_queue_t* queue, mi_page_t* page) {
mi_assert_internal(mi_page_heap(page) == heap);
mi_assert_internal(!mi_page_queue_contains(queue, page));
#if MI_HUGE_PAGE_ABANDON
mi_assert_internal(_mi_page_segment(page)->page_kind != MI_PAGE_HUGE);
#endif
mi_assert_internal(mi_page_block_size(page) == queue->block_size ||
(mi_page_is_huge(page) && mi_page_queue_is_huge(queue)) ||
(mi_page_is_in_full(page) && mi_page_queue_is_full(queue)));
mi_page_set_in_full(page, mi_page_queue_is_full(queue));
// mi_atomic_store_ptr_release(mi_atomic_cast(void*, &page->heap), heap);
page->next = queue->first;
page->prev = NULL;
if (queue->first != NULL) {
mi_assert_internal(queue->first->prev == NULL);
queue->first->prev = page;
queue->first = page;
}
else {
queue->first = queue->last = page;
}
// update direct
mi_heap_queue_first_update(heap, queue);
heap->page_count++;
}
static void mi_page_queue_move_to_front(mi_heap_t* heap, mi_page_queue_t* queue, mi_page_t* page) {
mi_assert_internal(mi_page_heap(page) == heap);
mi_assert_internal(mi_page_queue_contains(queue, page));
if (queue->first == page) return;
mi_page_queue_remove(queue, page);
mi_page_queue_push(heap, queue, page);
mi_assert_internal(queue->first == page);
}
static void mi_page_queue_enqueue_from_ex(mi_page_queue_t* to, mi_page_queue_t* from, bool enqueue_at_end, mi_page_t* page) {
mi_assert_internal(page != NULL);
mi_assert_expensive(mi_page_queue_contains(from, page));
mi_assert_expensive(!mi_page_queue_contains(to, page));
const size_t bsize = mi_page_block_size(page);
MI_UNUSED(bsize);
mi_assert_internal((bsize == to->block_size && bsize == from->block_size) ||
(bsize == to->block_size && mi_page_queue_is_full(from)) ||
(bsize == from->block_size && mi_page_queue_is_full(to)) ||
(mi_page_is_huge(page) && mi_page_queue_is_huge(to)) ||
(mi_page_is_huge(page) && mi_page_queue_is_full(to)));
mi_heap_t* heap = mi_page_heap(page);
// delete from `from`
if (page->prev != NULL) page->prev->next = page->next;
if (page->next != NULL) page->next->prev = page->prev;
if (page == from->last) from->last = page->prev;
if (page == from->first) {
from->first = page->next;
// update first
mi_assert_internal(mi_heap_contains_queue(heap, from));
mi_heap_queue_first_update(heap, from);
}
// insert into `to`
if (enqueue_at_end) {
// enqueue at the end
page->prev = to->last;
page->next = NULL;
if (to->last != NULL) {
mi_assert_internal(heap == mi_page_heap(to->last));
to->last->next = page;
to->last = page;
}
else {
to->first = page;
to->last = page;
mi_heap_queue_first_update(heap, to);
}
}
else {
if (to->first != NULL) {
// enqueue at 2nd place
mi_assert_internal(heap == mi_page_heap(to->first));
mi_page_t* next = to->first->next;
page->prev = to->first;
page->next = next;
to->first->next = page;
if (next != NULL) {
next->prev = page;
}
else {
to->last = page;
}
}
else {
// enqueue at the head (singleton list)
page->prev = NULL;
page->next = NULL;
to->first = page;
to->last = page;
mi_heap_queue_first_update(heap, to);
}
}
mi_page_set_in_full(page, mi_page_queue_is_full(to));
}
static void mi_page_queue_enqueue_from(mi_page_queue_t* to, mi_page_queue_t* from, mi_page_t* page) {
mi_page_queue_enqueue_from_ex(to, from, true /* enqueue at the end */, page);
}
static void mi_page_queue_enqueue_from_full(mi_page_queue_t* to, mi_page_queue_t* from, mi_page_t* page) {
// note: we could insert at the front to increase reuse, but it slows down certain benchmarks (like `alloc-test`)
mi_page_queue_enqueue_from_ex(to, from, false /* enqueue at the end of the `to` queue? */, page);
}
// Only called from `mi_heap_absorb`.
size_t _mi_page_queue_append(mi_heap_t* heap, mi_page_queue_t* pq, mi_page_queue_t* append) {
mi_assert_internal(mi_heap_contains_queue(heap,pq));
mi_assert_internal(pq->block_size == append->block_size);
if (append->first==NULL) return 0;
// set append pages to new heap and count
size_t count = 0;
for (mi_page_t* page = append->first; page != NULL; page = page->next) {
// inline `mi_page_set_heap` to avoid wrong assertion during absorption;
// in this case it is ok to be delayed freeing since both "to" and "from" heap are still alive.
mi_atomic_store_release(&page->xheap, (uintptr_t)heap);
// set the flag to delayed free (not overriding NEVER_DELAYED_FREE) which has as a
// side effect that it spins until any DELAYED_FREEING is finished. This ensures
// that after appending only the new heap will be used for delayed free operations.
_mi_page_use_delayed_free(page, MI_USE_DELAYED_FREE, false);
count++;
}
if (pq->last==NULL) {
// take over afresh
mi_assert_internal(pq->first==NULL);
pq->first = append->first;
pq->last = append->last;
mi_heap_queue_first_update(heap, pq);
}
else {
// append to end
mi_assert_internal(pq->last!=NULL);
mi_assert_internal(append->first!=NULL);
pq->last->next = append->first;
append->first->prev = pq->last;
pq->last = append->last;
}
return count;
}

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/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Copyright (c) 2018-2023, Microsoft Research, Daan Leijen, Alon Zakai
This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
terms of the MIT license. A copy of the license can be found in the file
"LICENSE" at the root of this distribution.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
// This file is included in `src/prim/prim.c`
#include "mimalloc.h"
#include "mimalloc/internal.h"
#include "mimalloc/atomic.h"
#include "mimalloc/prim.h"
// Design
// ======
//
// mimalloc is built on top of emmalloc. emmalloc is a minimal allocator on top
// of sbrk. The reason for having three layers here is that we want mimalloc to
// be able to allocate and release system memory properly, the same way it would
// when using VirtualAlloc on Windows or mmap on POSIX, and sbrk is too limited.
// Specifically, sbrk can only go up and down, and not "skip" over regions, and
// so we end up either never freeing memory to the system, or we can get stuck
// with holes.
//
// Atm wasm generally does *not* free memory back the system: once grown, we do
// not shrink back down (https://github.com/WebAssembly/design/issues/1397).
// However, that is expected to improve
// (https://github.com/WebAssembly/memory-control/blob/main/proposals/memory-control/Overview.md)
// and so we do not want to bake those limitations in here.
//
// Even without that issue, we want our system allocator to handle holes, that
// is, it should merge freed regions and allow allocating new content there of
// the full size, etc., so that we do not waste space. That means that the
// system allocator really does need to handle the general problem of allocating
// and freeing variable-sized chunks of memory in a random order, like malloc/
// free do. And so it makes sense to layer mimalloc on top of such an
// implementation.
//
// emmalloc makes sense for the lower level because it is small and simple while
// still fully handling merging of holes etc. It is not the most efficient
// allocator, but our assumption is that mimalloc needs to be fast while the
// system allocator underneath it is called much less frequently.
//
//---------------------------------------------
// init
//---------------------------------------------
void _mi_prim_mem_init( mi_os_mem_config_t* config) {
config->page_size = 64*MI_KiB; // WebAssembly has a fixed page size: 64KiB
config->alloc_granularity = 16;
config->has_overcommit = false;
config->has_partial_free = false;
config->has_virtual_reserve = false;
}
extern void emmalloc_free(void*);
int _mi_prim_free(void* addr, size_t size) {
MI_UNUSED(size);
emmalloc_free(addr);
return 0;
}
//---------------------------------------------
// Allocation
//---------------------------------------------
extern void* emmalloc_memalign(size_t alignment, size_t size);
// Note: the `try_alignment` is just a hint and the returned pointer is not guaranteed to be aligned.
int _mi_prim_alloc(void* hint_addr, size_t size, size_t try_alignment, bool commit, bool allow_large, bool* is_large, bool* is_zero, void** addr) {
MI_UNUSED(try_alignment); MI_UNUSED(allow_large); MI_UNUSED(commit); MI_UNUSED(hint_addr);
*is_large = false;
// TODO: Track the highest address ever seen; first uses of it are zeroes.
// That assumes no one else uses sbrk but us (they could go up,
// scribble, and then down), but we could assert on that perhaps.
*is_zero = false;
// emmalloc has a minimum alignment size.
#define MIN_EMMALLOC_ALIGN 8
if (try_alignment < MIN_EMMALLOC_ALIGN) {
try_alignment = MIN_EMMALLOC_ALIGN;
}
void* p = emmalloc_memalign(try_alignment, size);
*addr = p;
if (p == 0) {
return ENOMEM;
}
return 0;
}
//---------------------------------------------
// Commit/Reset
//---------------------------------------------
int _mi_prim_commit(void* addr, size_t size, bool* is_zero) {
MI_UNUSED(addr); MI_UNUSED(size);
// See TODO above.
*is_zero = false;
return 0;
}
int _mi_prim_decommit(void* addr, size_t size, bool* needs_recommit) {
MI_UNUSED(addr); MI_UNUSED(size);
*needs_recommit = false;
return 0;
}
int _mi_prim_reset(void* addr, size_t size) {
MI_UNUSED(addr); MI_UNUSED(size);
return 0;
}
int _mi_prim_protect(void* addr, size_t size, bool protect) {
MI_UNUSED(addr); MI_UNUSED(size); MI_UNUSED(protect);
return 0;
}
//---------------------------------------------
// Huge pages and NUMA nodes
//---------------------------------------------
int _mi_prim_alloc_huge_os_pages(void* hint_addr, size_t size, int numa_node, bool* is_zero, void** addr) {
MI_UNUSED(hint_addr); MI_UNUSED(size); MI_UNUSED(numa_node);
*is_zero = true;
*addr = NULL;
return ENOSYS;
}
size_t _mi_prim_numa_node(void) {
return 0;
}
size_t _mi_prim_numa_node_count(void) {
return 1;
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------
// Clock
//----------------------------------------------------------------
#include <emscripten/html5.h>
mi_msecs_t _mi_prim_clock_now(void) {
return emscripten_date_now();
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------
// Process info
//----------------------------------------------------------------
void _mi_prim_process_info(mi_process_info_t* pinfo)
{
// use defaults
MI_UNUSED(pinfo);
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------
// Output
//----------------------------------------------------------------
#include <emscripten/console.h>
void _mi_prim_out_stderr( const char* msg) {
emscripten_console_error(msg);
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------
// Environment
//----------------------------------------------------------------
bool _mi_prim_getenv(const char* name, char* result, size_t result_size) {
// For code size reasons, do not support environ customization for now.
MI_UNUSED(name);
MI_UNUSED(result);
MI_UNUSED(result_size);
return false;
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------
// Random
//----------------------------------------------------------------
bool _mi_prim_random_buf(void* buf, size_t buf_len) {
int err = getentropy(buf, buf_len);
return !err;
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------
// Thread init/done
//----------------------------------------------------------------
#if defined(MI_USE_PTHREADS)
// use pthread local storage keys to detect thread ending
// (and used with MI_TLS_PTHREADS for the default heap)
pthread_key_t _mi_heap_default_key = (pthread_key_t)(-1);
static void mi_pthread_done(void* value) {
if (value!=NULL) {
_mi_thread_done((mi_heap_t*)value);
}
}
void _mi_prim_thread_init_auto_done(void) {
mi_assert_internal(_mi_heap_default_key == (pthread_key_t)(-1));
pthread_key_create(&_mi_heap_default_key, &mi_pthread_done);
}
void _mi_prim_thread_done_auto_done(void) {
// nothing to do
}
void _mi_prim_thread_associate_default_heap(mi_heap_t* heap) {
if (_mi_heap_default_key != (pthread_key_t)(-1)) { // can happen during recursive invocation on freeBSD
pthread_setspecific(_mi_heap_default_key, heap);
}
}
#else
void _mi_prim_thread_init_auto_done(void) {
// nothing
}
void _mi_prim_thread_done_auto_done(void) {
// nothing
}
void _mi_prim_thread_associate_default_heap(mi_heap_t* heap) {
MI_UNUSED(heap);
}
#endif

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/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Copyright (c) 2018-2022, Microsoft Research, Daan Leijen
This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
terms of the MIT license. A copy of the license can be found in the file
"LICENSE" at the root of this distribution.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "mimalloc.h"
#include "mimalloc/internal.h"
#if defined(MI_MALLOC_OVERRIDE)
#if !defined(__APPLE__)
#error "this file should only be included on macOS"
#endif
/* ------------------------------------------------------
Override system malloc on macOS
This is done through the malloc zone interface.
It seems to be most robust in combination with interposing
though or otherwise we may get zone errors as there are could
be allocations done by the time we take over the
zone.
------------------------------------------------------ */
#include <AvailabilityMacros.h>
#include <malloc/malloc.h>
#include <string.h> // memset
#include <stdlib.h>
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif
#if defined(MAC_OS_X_VERSION_10_6) && (MAC_OS_X_VERSION_MAX_ALLOWED >= MAC_OS_X_VERSION_10_6)
// only available from OSX 10.6
extern malloc_zone_t* malloc_default_purgeable_zone(void) __attribute__((weak_import));
#endif
/* ------------------------------------------------------
malloc zone members
------------------------------------------------------ */
static size_t zone_size(malloc_zone_t* zone, const void* p) {
MI_UNUSED(zone);
if (!mi_is_in_heap_region(p)){ return 0; } // not our pointer, bail out
return mi_usable_size(p);
}
static void* zone_malloc(malloc_zone_t* zone, size_t size) {
MI_UNUSED(zone);
return mi_malloc(size);
}
static void* zone_calloc(malloc_zone_t* zone, size_t count, size_t size) {
MI_UNUSED(zone);
return mi_calloc(count, size);
}
static void* zone_valloc(malloc_zone_t* zone, size_t size) {
MI_UNUSED(zone);
return mi_malloc_aligned(size, _mi_os_page_size());
}
static void zone_free(malloc_zone_t* zone, void* p) {
MI_UNUSED(zone);
mi_cfree(p);
}
static void* zone_realloc(malloc_zone_t* zone, void* p, size_t newsize) {
MI_UNUSED(zone);
return mi_realloc(p, newsize);
}
static void* zone_memalign(malloc_zone_t* zone, size_t alignment, size_t size) {
MI_UNUSED(zone);
return mi_malloc_aligned(size,alignment);
}
static void zone_destroy(malloc_zone_t* zone) {
MI_UNUSED(zone);
// todo: ignore for now?
}
static unsigned zone_batch_malloc(malloc_zone_t* zone, size_t size, void** ps, unsigned count) {
size_t i;
for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
ps[i] = zone_malloc(zone, size);
if (ps[i] == NULL) break;
}
return i;
}
static void zone_batch_free(malloc_zone_t* zone, void** ps, unsigned count) {
for(size_t i = 0; i < count; i++) {
zone_free(zone, ps[i]);
ps[i] = NULL;
}
}
static size_t zone_pressure_relief(malloc_zone_t* zone, size_t size) {
MI_UNUSED(zone); MI_UNUSED(size);
mi_collect(false);
return 0;
}
static void zone_free_definite_size(malloc_zone_t* zone, void* p, size_t size) {
MI_UNUSED(size);
zone_free(zone,p);
}
static boolean_t zone_claimed_address(malloc_zone_t* zone, void* p) {
MI_UNUSED(zone);
return mi_is_in_heap_region(p);
}
/* ------------------------------------------------------
Introspection members
------------------------------------------------------ */
static kern_return_t intro_enumerator(task_t task, void* p,
unsigned type_mask, vm_address_t zone_address,
memory_reader_t reader,
vm_range_recorder_t recorder)
{
// todo: enumerate all memory
MI_UNUSED(task); MI_UNUSED(p); MI_UNUSED(type_mask); MI_UNUSED(zone_address);
MI_UNUSED(reader); MI_UNUSED(recorder);
return KERN_SUCCESS;
}
static size_t intro_good_size(malloc_zone_t* zone, size_t size) {
MI_UNUSED(zone);
return mi_good_size(size);
}
static boolean_t intro_check(malloc_zone_t* zone) {
MI_UNUSED(zone);
return true;
}
static void intro_print(malloc_zone_t* zone, boolean_t verbose) {
MI_UNUSED(zone); MI_UNUSED(verbose);
mi_stats_print(NULL);
}
static void intro_log(malloc_zone_t* zone, void* p) {
MI_UNUSED(zone); MI_UNUSED(p);
// todo?
}
static void intro_force_lock(malloc_zone_t* zone) {
MI_UNUSED(zone);
// todo?
}
static void intro_force_unlock(malloc_zone_t* zone) {
MI_UNUSED(zone);
// todo?
}
static void intro_statistics(malloc_zone_t* zone, malloc_statistics_t* stats) {
MI_UNUSED(zone);
// todo...
stats->blocks_in_use = 0;
stats->size_in_use = 0;
stats->max_size_in_use = 0;
stats->size_allocated = 0;
}
static boolean_t intro_zone_locked(malloc_zone_t* zone) {
MI_UNUSED(zone);
return false;
}
/* ------------------------------------------------------
At process start, override the default allocator
------------------------------------------------------ */
#if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(__clang__)
#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wmissing-field-initializers"
#endif
#if defined(__clang__)
#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wc99-extensions"
#endif
static malloc_introspection_t mi_introspect = {
.enumerator = &intro_enumerator,
.good_size = &intro_good_size,
.check = &intro_check,
.print = &intro_print,
.log = &intro_log,
.force_lock = &intro_force_lock,
.force_unlock = &intro_force_unlock,
#if defined(MAC_OS_X_VERSION_10_6) && (MAC_OS_X_VERSION_MAX_ALLOWED >= MAC_OS_X_VERSION_10_6) && !defined(__ppc__)
.statistics = &intro_statistics,
.zone_locked = &intro_zone_locked,
#endif
};
static malloc_zone_t mi_malloc_zone = {
// note: even with designators, the order is important for C++ compilation
//.reserved1 = NULL,
//.reserved2 = NULL,
.size = &zone_size,
.malloc = &zone_malloc,
.calloc = &zone_calloc,
.valloc = &zone_valloc,
.free = &zone_free,
.realloc = &zone_realloc,
.destroy = &zone_destroy,
.zone_name = "mimalloc",
.batch_malloc = &zone_batch_malloc,
.batch_free = &zone_batch_free,
.introspect = &mi_introspect,
#if defined(MAC_OS_X_VERSION_10_6) && (MAC_OS_X_VERSION_MAX_ALLOWED >= MAC_OS_X_VERSION_10_6) && !defined(__ppc__)
#if defined(MAC_OS_X_VERSION_10_14) && (MAC_OS_X_VERSION_MAX_ALLOWED >= MAC_OS_X_VERSION_10_14)
.version = 10,
#else
.version = 9,
#endif
// switch to version 9+ on OSX 10.6 to support memalign.
.memalign = &zone_memalign,
.free_definite_size = &zone_free_definite_size,
#if defined(MAC_OS_X_VERSION_10_7) && (MAC_OS_X_VERSION_MAX_ALLOWED >= MAC_OS_X_VERSION_10_7)
.pressure_relief = &zone_pressure_relief,
#endif
#if defined(MAC_OS_X_VERSION_10_14) && (MAC_OS_X_VERSION_MAX_ALLOWED >= MAC_OS_X_VERSION_10_14)
.claimed_address = &zone_claimed_address,
#endif
#else
.version = 4,
#endif
};
#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif
#if defined(MI_OSX_INTERPOSE) && defined(MI_SHARED_LIB_EXPORT)
// ------------------------------------------------------
// Override malloc_xxx and malloc_zone_xxx api's to use only
// our mimalloc zone. Since even the loader uses malloc
// on macOS, this ensures that all allocations go through
// mimalloc (as all calls are interposed).
// The main `malloc`, `free`, etc calls are interposed in `alloc-override.c`,
// Here, we also override macOS specific API's like
// `malloc_zone_calloc` etc. see <https://github.com/aosm/libmalloc/blob/master/man/malloc_zone_malloc.3>
// ------------------------------------------------------
static inline malloc_zone_t* mi_get_default_zone(void)
{
static bool init;
if mi_unlikely(!init) {
init = true;
malloc_zone_register(&mi_malloc_zone); // by calling register we avoid a zone error on free (see <http://eatmyrandom.blogspot.com/2010/03/mallocfree-interception-on-mac-os-x.html>)
}
return &mi_malloc_zone;
}
mi_decl_externc int malloc_jumpstart(uintptr_t cookie);
mi_decl_externc void _malloc_fork_prepare(void);
mi_decl_externc void _malloc_fork_parent(void);
mi_decl_externc void _malloc_fork_child(void);
static malloc_zone_t* mi_malloc_create_zone(vm_size_t size, unsigned flags) {
MI_UNUSED(size); MI_UNUSED(flags);
return mi_get_default_zone();
}
static malloc_zone_t* mi_malloc_default_zone (void) {
return mi_get_default_zone();
}
static malloc_zone_t* mi_malloc_default_purgeable_zone(void) {
return mi_get_default_zone();
}
static void mi_malloc_destroy_zone(malloc_zone_t* zone) {
MI_UNUSED(zone);
// nothing.
}
static kern_return_t mi_malloc_get_all_zones (task_t task, memory_reader_t mr, vm_address_t** addresses, unsigned* count) {
MI_UNUSED(task); MI_UNUSED(mr);
if (addresses != NULL) *addresses = NULL;
if (count != NULL) *count = 0;
return KERN_SUCCESS;
}
static const char* mi_malloc_get_zone_name(malloc_zone_t* zone) {
return (zone == NULL ? mi_malloc_zone.zone_name : zone->zone_name);
}
static void mi_malloc_set_zone_name(malloc_zone_t* zone, const char* name) {
MI_UNUSED(zone); MI_UNUSED(name);
}
static int mi_malloc_jumpstart(uintptr_t cookie) {
MI_UNUSED(cookie);
return 1; // or 0 for no error?
}
static void mi__malloc_fork_prepare(void) {
// nothing
}
static void mi__malloc_fork_parent(void) {
// nothing
}
static void mi__malloc_fork_child(void) {
// nothing
}
static void mi_malloc_printf(const char* fmt, ...) {
MI_UNUSED(fmt);
}
static bool zone_check(malloc_zone_t* zone) {
MI_UNUSED(zone);
return true;
}
static malloc_zone_t* zone_from_ptr(const void* p) {
MI_UNUSED(p);
return mi_get_default_zone();
}
static void zone_log(malloc_zone_t* zone, void* p) {
MI_UNUSED(zone); MI_UNUSED(p);
}
static void zone_print(malloc_zone_t* zone, bool b) {
MI_UNUSED(zone); MI_UNUSED(b);
}
static void zone_print_ptr_info(void* p) {
MI_UNUSED(p);
}
static void zone_register(malloc_zone_t* zone) {
MI_UNUSED(zone);
}
static void zone_unregister(malloc_zone_t* zone) {
MI_UNUSED(zone);
}
// use interposing so `DYLD_INSERT_LIBRARIES` works without `DYLD_FORCE_FLAT_NAMESPACE=1`
// See: <https://books.google.com/books?id=K8vUkpOXhN4C&pg=PA73>
struct mi_interpose_s {
const void* replacement;
const void* target;
};
#define MI_INTERPOSE_FUN(oldfun,newfun) { (const void*)&newfun, (const void*)&oldfun }
#define MI_INTERPOSE_MI(fun) MI_INTERPOSE_FUN(fun,mi_##fun)
#define MI_INTERPOSE_ZONE(fun) MI_INTERPOSE_FUN(malloc_##fun,fun)
__attribute__((used)) static const struct mi_interpose_s _mi_zone_interposes[] __attribute__((section("__DATA, __interpose"))) =
{
MI_INTERPOSE_MI(malloc_create_zone),
MI_INTERPOSE_MI(malloc_default_purgeable_zone),
MI_INTERPOSE_MI(malloc_default_zone),
MI_INTERPOSE_MI(malloc_destroy_zone),
MI_INTERPOSE_MI(malloc_get_all_zones),
MI_INTERPOSE_MI(malloc_get_zone_name),
MI_INTERPOSE_MI(malloc_jumpstart),
MI_INTERPOSE_MI(malloc_printf),
MI_INTERPOSE_MI(malloc_set_zone_name),
MI_INTERPOSE_MI(_malloc_fork_child),
MI_INTERPOSE_MI(_malloc_fork_parent),
MI_INTERPOSE_MI(_malloc_fork_prepare),
MI_INTERPOSE_ZONE(zone_batch_free),
MI_INTERPOSE_ZONE(zone_batch_malloc),
MI_INTERPOSE_ZONE(zone_calloc),
MI_INTERPOSE_ZONE(zone_check),
MI_INTERPOSE_ZONE(zone_free),
MI_INTERPOSE_ZONE(zone_from_ptr),
MI_INTERPOSE_ZONE(zone_log),
MI_INTERPOSE_ZONE(zone_malloc),
MI_INTERPOSE_ZONE(zone_memalign),
MI_INTERPOSE_ZONE(zone_print),
MI_INTERPOSE_ZONE(zone_print_ptr_info),
MI_INTERPOSE_ZONE(zone_realloc),
MI_INTERPOSE_ZONE(zone_register),
MI_INTERPOSE_ZONE(zone_unregister),
MI_INTERPOSE_ZONE(zone_valloc)
};
#else
// ------------------------------------------------------
// hook into the zone api's without interposing
// This is the official way of adding an allocator but
// it seems less robust than using interpose.
// ------------------------------------------------------
static inline malloc_zone_t* mi_get_default_zone(void)
{
// The first returned zone is the real default
malloc_zone_t** zones = NULL;
unsigned count = 0;
kern_return_t ret = malloc_get_all_zones(0, NULL, (vm_address_t**)&zones, &count);
if (ret == KERN_SUCCESS && count > 0) {
return zones[0];
}
else {
// fallback
return malloc_default_zone();
}
}
#if defined(__clang__)
__attribute__((constructor(101))) // highest priority
#else
__attribute__((constructor)) // priority level is not supported by gcc
#endif
__attribute__((used))
static void _mi_macos_override_malloc(void) {
malloc_zone_t* purgeable_zone = NULL;
#if defined(MAC_OS_X_VERSION_10_6) && (MAC_OS_X_VERSION_MAX_ALLOWED >= MAC_OS_X_VERSION_10_6)
// force the purgeable zone to exist to avoid strange bugs
if (malloc_default_purgeable_zone) {
purgeable_zone = malloc_default_purgeable_zone();
}
#endif
// Register our zone.
// thomcc: I think this is still needed to put us in the zone list.
malloc_zone_register(&mi_malloc_zone);
// Unregister the default zone, this makes our zone the new default
// as that was the last registered.
malloc_zone_t *default_zone = mi_get_default_zone();
// thomcc: Unsure if the next test is *always* false or just false in the
// cases I've tried. I'm also unsure if the code inside is needed. at all
if (default_zone != &mi_malloc_zone) {
malloc_zone_unregister(default_zone);
// Reregister the default zone so free and realloc in that zone keep working.
malloc_zone_register(default_zone);
}
// Unregister, and re-register the purgeable_zone to avoid bugs if it occurs
// earlier than the default zone.
if (purgeable_zone != NULL) {
malloc_zone_unregister(purgeable_zone);
malloc_zone_register(purgeable_zone);
}
}
#endif // MI_OSX_INTERPOSE
#endif // MI_MALLOC_OVERRIDE

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/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Copyright (c) 2018-2023, Microsoft Research, Daan Leijen
This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
terms of the MIT license. A copy of the license can be found in the file
"LICENSE" at the root of this distribution.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
// We use the unix/prim.c with the mmap API on macOSX
#include "../unix/prim.c"

76
third_party/mimalloc/src/prim/prim.c vendored Normal file
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/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Copyright (c) 2018-2023, Microsoft Research, Daan Leijen
This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
terms of the MIT license. A copy of the license can be found in the file
"LICENSE" at the root of this distribution.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
// Select the implementation of the primitives
// depending on the OS.
#if defined(_WIN32)
#include "windows/prim.c" // VirtualAlloc (Windows)
#elif defined(__APPLE__)
#include "osx/prim.c" // macOSX (actually defers to mmap in unix/prim.c)
#elif defined(__wasi__)
#define MI_USE_SBRK
#include "wasi/prim.c" // memory-grow or sbrk (Wasm)
#elif defined(__EMSCRIPTEN__)
#include "emscripten/prim.c" // emmalloc_*, + pthread support
#else
#include "unix/prim.c" // mmap() (Linux, macOSX, BSD, Illumnos, Haiku, DragonFly, etc.)
#endif
// Generic process initialization
#ifndef MI_PRIM_HAS_PROCESS_ATTACH
#if defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__clang__)
// gcc,clang: use the constructor/destructor attribute
// which for both seem to run before regular constructors/destructors
#if defined(__clang__)
#define mi_attr_constructor __attribute__((constructor(101)))
#define mi_attr_destructor __attribute__((destructor(101)))
#else
#define mi_attr_constructor __attribute__((constructor))
#define mi_attr_destructor __attribute__((destructor))
#endif
static void mi_attr_constructor mi_process_attach(void) {
_mi_process_load();
}
static void mi_attr_destructor mi_process_detach(void) {
_mi_process_done();
}
#elif defined(__cplusplus)
// C++: use static initialization to detect process start/end
// This is not guaranteed to be first/last but the best we can generally do?
struct mi_init_done_t {
mi_init_done_t() {
_mi_process_load();
}
~mi_init_done_t() {
_mi_process_done();
}
};
static mi_init_done_t mi_init_done;
#else
#pragma message("define a way to call _mi_process_load/done on your platform")
#endif
#endif
// Generic allocator init/done callback
#ifndef MI_PRIM_HAS_ALLOCATOR_INIT
bool _mi_is_redirected(void) {
return false;
}
bool _mi_allocator_init(const char** message) {
if (message != NULL) { *message = NULL; }
return true;
}
void _mi_allocator_done(void) {
// nothing to do
}
#endif

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## Portability Primitives
This is the portability layer where all primitives needed from the OS are defined.
- `include/mimalloc/prim.h`: primitive portability API definition.
- `prim.c`: Selects one of `unix/prim.c`, `wasi/prim.c`, or `windows/prim.c` depending on the host platform
(and on macOS, `osx/prim.c` defers to `unix/prim.c`).
Note: still work in progress, there may still be places in the sources that still depend on OS ifdef's.

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/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Copyright (c) 2018-2023, Microsoft Research, Daan Leijen
This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
terms of the MIT license. A copy of the license can be found in the file
"LICENSE" at the root of this distribution.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
// This file is included in `src/prim/prim.c`
#ifndef _DEFAULT_SOURCE
#define _DEFAULT_SOURCE // ensure mmap flags and syscall are defined
#endif
#if defined(__sun)
// illumos provides new mman.h api when any of these are defined
// otherwise the old api based on caddr_t which predates the void pointers one.
// stock solaris provides only the former, chose to atomically to discard those
// flags only here rather than project wide tough.
#undef _XOPEN_SOURCE
#undef _POSIX_C_SOURCE
#endif
#include "mimalloc.h"
#include "mimalloc/internal.h"
#include "mimalloc/prim.h"
#include <sys/mman.h> // mmap
#include <unistd.h> // sysconf
#include <fcntl.h> // open, close, read, access
#if defined(__linux__)
#include <features.h>
//#if defined(MI_NO_THP)
#include <sys/prctl.h> // THP disable
//#endif
#if defined(__GLIBC__)
#include <linux/mman.h> // linux mmap flags
#else
#include <sys/mman.h>
#endif
#elif defined(__APPLE__)
#include <AvailabilityMacros.h>
#include <TargetConditionals.h>
#if !defined(TARGET_OS_OSX) || TARGET_OS_OSX // see issue #879, used to be (!TARGET_IOS_IPHONE && !TARGET_IOS_SIMULATOR)
#include <mach/vm_statistics.h> // VM_MAKE_TAG, VM_FLAGS_SUPERPAGE_SIZE_2MB, etc.
#endif
#if !defined(MAC_OS_X_VERSION_10_7)
#define MAC_OS_X_VERSION_10_7 1070
#endif
#elif defined(__FreeBSD__) || defined(__DragonFly__)
#include <sys/param.h>
#if __FreeBSD_version >= 1200000
#include <sys/cpuset.h>
#include <sys/domainset.h>
#endif
#include <sys/sysctl.h>
#endif
#if defined(__linux__) || defined(__FreeBSD__)
#define MI_HAS_SYSCALL_H
#include <sys/syscall.h>
#endif
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Use syscalls for some primitives to allow for libraries that override open/read/close etc.
// and do allocation themselves; using syscalls prevents recursion when mimalloc is
// still initializing (issue #713)
// Declare inline to avoid unused function warnings.
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#if defined(MI_HAS_SYSCALL_H) && defined(SYS_open) && defined(SYS_close) && defined(SYS_read) && defined(SYS_access)
static inline int mi_prim_open(const char* fpath, int open_flags) {
return syscall(SYS_open,fpath,open_flags,0);
}
static inline ssize_t mi_prim_read(int fd, void* buf, size_t bufsize) {
return syscall(SYS_read,fd,buf,bufsize);
}
static inline int mi_prim_close(int fd) {
return syscall(SYS_close,fd);
}
static inline int mi_prim_access(const char *fpath, int mode) {
return syscall(SYS_access,fpath,mode);
}
#else
static inline int mi_prim_open(const char* fpath, int open_flags) {
return open(fpath,open_flags);
}
static inline ssize_t mi_prim_read(int fd, void* buf, size_t bufsize) {
return read(fd,buf,bufsize);
}
static inline int mi_prim_close(int fd) {
return close(fd);
}
static inline int mi_prim_access(const char *fpath, int mode) {
return access(fpath,mode);
}
#endif
//---------------------------------------------
// init
//---------------------------------------------
static bool unix_detect_overcommit(void) {
bool os_overcommit = true;
#if defined(__linux__)
int fd = mi_prim_open("/proc/sys/vm/overcommit_memory", O_RDONLY);
if (fd >= 0) {
char buf[32];
ssize_t nread = mi_prim_read(fd, &buf, sizeof(buf));
mi_prim_close(fd);
// <https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/vm/overcommit-accounting>
// 0: heuristic overcommit, 1: always overcommit, 2: never overcommit (ignore NORESERVE)
if (nread >= 1) {
os_overcommit = (buf[0] == '0' || buf[0] == '1');
}
}
#elif defined(__FreeBSD__)
int val = 0;
size_t olen = sizeof(val);
if (sysctlbyname("vm.overcommit", &val, &olen, NULL, 0) == 0) {
os_overcommit = (val != 0);
}
#else
// default: overcommit is true
#endif
return os_overcommit;
}
void _mi_prim_mem_init( mi_os_mem_config_t* config )
{
long psize = sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE);
if (psize > 0) {
config->page_size = (size_t)psize;
config->alloc_granularity = (size_t)psize;
#if defined(_SC_PHYS_PAGES)
long pphys = sysconf(_SC_PHYS_PAGES);
if (pphys > 0 && (size_t)pphys < (SIZE_MAX/(size_t)psize)) {
config->physical_memory = (size_t)pphys * (size_t)psize;
}
#endif
}
config->large_page_size = 2*MI_MiB; // TODO: can we query the OS for this?
config->has_overcommit = unix_detect_overcommit();
config->has_partial_free = true; // mmap can free in parts
config->has_virtual_reserve = true; // todo: check if this true for NetBSD? (for anonymous mmap with PROT_NONE)
// disable transparent huge pages for this process?
#if (defined(__linux__) || defined(__ANDROID__)) && defined(PR_GET_THP_DISABLE)
#if defined(MI_NO_THP)
if (true)
#else
if (!mi_option_is_enabled(mi_option_allow_large_os_pages)) // disable THP also if large OS pages are not allowed in the options
#endif
{
int val = 0;
if (prctl(PR_GET_THP_DISABLE, &val, 0, 0, 0) != 0) {
// Most likely since distros often come with always/madvise settings.
val = 1;
// Disabling only for mimalloc process rather than touching system wide settings
(void)prctl(PR_SET_THP_DISABLE, &val, 0, 0, 0);
}
}
#endif
}
//---------------------------------------------
// free
//---------------------------------------------
int _mi_prim_free(void* addr, size_t size ) {
bool err = (munmap(addr, size) == -1);
return (err ? errno : 0);
}
//---------------------------------------------
// mmap
//---------------------------------------------
static int unix_madvise(void* addr, size_t size, int advice) {
#if defined(__sun)
int res = madvise((caddr_t)addr, size, advice); // Solaris needs cast (issue #520)
#else
int res = madvise(addr, size, advice);
#endif
return (res==0 ? 0 : errno);
}
static void* unix_mmap_prim(void* addr, size_t size, size_t try_alignment, int protect_flags, int flags, int fd) {
MI_UNUSED(try_alignment);
void* p = NULL;
#if defined(MAP_ALIGNED) // BSD
if (addr == NULL && try_alignment > 1 && (try_alignment % _mi_os_page_size()) == 0) {
size_t n = mi_bsr(try_alignment);
if (((size_t)1 << n) == try_alignment && n >= 12 && n <= 30) { // alignment is a power of 2 and 4096 <= alignment <= 1GiB
p = mmap(addr, size, protect_flags, flags | MAP_ALIGNED(n), fd, 0);
if (p==MAP_FAILED || !_mi_is_aligned(p,try_alignment)) {
int err = errno;
_mi_trace_message("unable to directly request aligned OS memory (error: %d (0x%x), size: 0x%zx bytes, alignment: 0x%zx, hint address: %p)\n", err, err, size, try_alignment, addr);
}
if (p!=MAP_FAILED) return p;
// fall back to regular mmap
}
}
#elif defined(MAP_ALIGN) // Solaris
if (addr == NULL && try_alignment > 1 && (try_alignment % _mi_os_page_size()) == 0) {
p = mmap((void*)try_alignment, size, protect_flags, flags | MAP_ALIGN, fd, 0); // addr parameter is the required alignment
if (p!=MAP_FAILED) return p;
// fall back to regular mmap
}
#endif
#if (MI_INTPTR_SIZE >= 8) && !defined(MAP_ALIGNED)
// on 64-bit systems, use the virtual address area after 2TiB for 4MiB aligned allocations
if (addr == NULL) {
void* hint = _mi_os_get_aligned_hint(try_alignment, size);
if (hint != NULL) {
p = mmap(hint, size, protect_flags, flags, fd, 0);
if (p==MAP_FAILED || !_mi_is_aligned(p,try_alignment)) {
#if MI_TRACK_ENABLED // asan sometimes does not instrument errno correctly?
int err = 0;
#else
int err = errno;
#endif
_mi_trace_message("unable to directly request hinted aligned OS memory (error: %d (0x%x), size: 0x%zx bytes, alignment: 0x%zx, hint address: %p)\n", err, err, size, try_alignment, hint);
}
if (p!=MAP_FAILED) return p;
// fall back to regular mmap
}
}
#endif
// regular mmap
p = mmap(addr, size, protect_flags, flags, fd, 0);
if (p!=MAP_FAILED) return p;
// failed to allocate
return NULL;
}
static int unix_mmap_fd(void) {
#if defined(VM_MAKE_TAG)
// macOS: tracking anonymous page with a specific ID. (All up to 98 are taken officially but LLVM sanitizers had taken 99)
int os_tag = (int)mi_option_get(mi_option_os_tag);
if (os_tag < 100 || os_tag > 255) { os_tag = 100; }
return VM_MAKE_TAG(os_tag);
#else
return -1;
#endif
}
static void* unix_mmap(void* addr, size_t size, size_t try_alignment, int protect_flags, bool large_only, bool allow_large, bool* is_large) {
#if !defined(MAP_ANONYMOUS)
#define MAP_ANONYMOUS MAP_ANON
#endif
#if !defined(MAP_NORESERVE)
#define MAP_NORESERVE 0
#endif
void* p = NULL;
const int fd = unix_mmap_fd();
int flags = MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANONYMOUS;
if (_mi_os_has_overcommit()) {
flags |= MAP_NORESERVE;
}
#if defined(PROT_MAX)
protect_flags |= PROT_MAX(PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE); // BSD
#endif
// huge page allocation
if ((large_only || _mi_os_use_large_page(size, try_alignment)) && allow_large) {
static _Atomic(size_t) large_page_try_ok; // = 0;
size_t try_ok = mi_atomic_load_acquire(&large_page_try_ok);
if (!large_only && try_ok > 0) {
// If the OS is not configured for large OS pages, or the user does not have
// enough permission, the `mmap` will always fail (but it might also fail for other reasons).
// Therefore, once a large page allocation failed, we don't try again for `large_page_try_ok` times
// to avoid too many failing calls to mmap.
mi_atomic_cas_strong_acq_rel(&large_page_try_ok, &try_ok, try_ok - 1);
}
else {
int lflags = flags & ~MAP_NORESERVE; // using NORESERVE on huge pages seems to fail on Linux
int lfd = fd;
#ifdef MAP_ALIGNED_SUPER
lflags |= MAP_ALIGNED_SUPER;
#endif
#ifdef MAP_HUGETLB
lflags |= MAP_HUGETLB;
#endif
#ifdef MAP_HUGE_1GB
static bool mi_huge_pages_available = true;
if ((size % MI_GiB) == 0 && mi_huge_pages_available) {
lflags |= MAP_HUGE_1GB;
}
else
#endif
{
#ifdef MAP_HUGE_2MB
lflags |= MAP_HUGE_2MB;
#endif
}
#ifdef VM_FLAGS_SUPERPAGE_SIZE_2MB
lfd |= VM_FLAGS_SUPERPAGE_SIZE_2MB;
#endif
if (large_only || lflags != flags) {
// try large OS page allocation
*is_large = true;
p = unix_mmap_prim(addr, size, try_alignment, protect_flags, lflags, lfd);
#ifdef MAP_HUGE_1GB
if (p == NULL && (lflags & MAP_HUGE_1GB) == MAP_HUGE_1GB) {
mi_huge_pages_available = false; // don't try huge 1GiB pages again
_mi_warning_message("unable to allocate huge (1GiB) page, trying large (2MiB) pages instead (errno: %i)\n", errno);
lflags = ((lflags & ~MAP_HUGE_1GB) | MAP_HUGE_2MB);
p = unix_mmap_prim(addr, size, try_alignment, protect_flags, lflags, lfd);
}
#endif
if (large_only) return p;
if (p == NULL) {
mi_atomic_store_release(&large_page_try_ok, (size_t)8); // on error, don't try again for the next N allocations
}
}
}
}
// regular allocation
if (p == NULL) {
*is_large = false;
p = unix_mmap_prim(addr, size, try_alignment, protect_flags, flags, fd);
if (p != NULL) {
#if defined(MADV_HUGEPAGE)
// Many Linux systems don't allow MAP_HUGETLB but they support instead
// transparent huge pages (THP). Generally, it is not required to call `madvise` with MADV_HUGE
// though since properly aligned allocations will already use large pages if available
// in that case -- in particular for our large regions (in `memory.c`).
// However, some systems only allow THP if called with explicit `madvise`, so
// when large OS pages are enabled for mimalloc, we call `madvise` anyways.
if (allow_large && _mi_os_use_large_page(size, try_alignment)) {
if (unix_madvise(p, size, MADV_HUGEPAGE) == 0) {
// *is_large = true; // possibly
};
}
#elif defined(__sun)
if (allow_large && _mi_os_use_large_page(size, try_alignment)) {
struct memcntl_mha cmd = {0};
cmd.mha_pagesize = _mi_os_large_page_size();
cmd.mha_cmd = MHA_MAPSIZE_VA;
if (memcntl((caddr_t)p, size, MC_HAT_ADVISE, (caddr_t)&cmd, 0, 0) == 0) {
// *is_large = true; // possibly
}
}
#endif
}
}
return p;
}
// Note: the `try_alignment` is just a hint and the returned pointer is not guaranteed to be aligned.
int _mi_prim_alloc(void* hint_addr, size_t size, size_t try_alignment, bool commit, bool allow_large, bool* is_large, bool* is_zero, void** addr) {
mi_assert_internal(size > 0 && (size % _mi_os_page_size()) == 0);
mi_assert_internal(commit || !allow_large);
mi_assert_internal(try_alignment > 0);
*is_zero = true;
int protect_flags = (commit ? (PROT_WRITE | PROT_READ) : PROT_NONE);
*addr = unix_mmap(hint_addr, size, try_alignment, protect_flags, false, allow_large, is_large);
return (*addr != NULL ? 0 : errno);
}
//---------------------------------------------
// Commit/Reset
//---------------------------------------------
static void unix_mprotect_hint(int err) {
#if defined(__linux__) && (MI_SECURE>=2) // guard page around every mimalloc page
if (err == ENOMEM) {
_mi_warning_message("The next warning may be caused by a low memory map limit.\n"
" On Linux this is controlled by the vm.max_map_count -- maybe increase it?\n"
" For example: sudo sysctl -w vm.max_map_count=262144\n");
}
#else
MI_UNUSED(err);
#endif
}
int _mi_prim_commit(void* start, size_t size, bool* is_zero) {
// commit: ensure we can access the area
// note: we may think that *is_zero can be true since the memory
// was either from mmap PROT_NONE, or from decommit MADV_DONTNEED, but
// we sometimes call commit on a range with still partially committed
// memory and `mprotect` does not zero the range.
*is_zero = false;
int err = mprotect(start, size, (PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE));
if (err != 0) {
err = errno;
unix_mprotect_hint(err);
}
return err;
}
int _mi_prim_decommit(void* start, size_t size, bool* needs_recommit) {
int err = 0;
// decommit: use MADV_DONTNEED as it decreases rss immediately (unlike MADV_FREE)
err = unix_madvise(start, size, MADV_DONTNEED);
#if !MI_DEBUG && !MI_SECURE
*needs_recommit = false;
#else
*needs_recommit = true;
mprotect(start, size, PROT_NONE);
#endif
/*
// decommit: use mmap with MAP_FIXED and PROT_NONE to discard the existing memory (and reduce rss)
*needs_recommit = true;
const int fd = unix_mmap_fd();
void* p = mmap(start, size, PROT_NONE, (MAP_FIXED | MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANONYMOUS | MAP_NORESERVE), fd, 0);
if (p != start) { err = errno; }
*/
return err;
}
int _mi_prim_reset(void* start, size_t size) {
// We try to use `MADV_FREE` as that is the fastest. A drawback though is that it
// will not reduce the `rss` stats in tools like `top` even though the memory is available
// to other processes. With the default `MIMALLOC_PURGE_DECOMMITS=1` we ensure that by
// default `MADV_DONTNEED` is used though.
#if defined(MADV_FREE)
static _Atomic(size_t) advice = MI_ATOMIC_VAR_INIT(MADV_FREE);
int oadvice = (int)mi_atomic_load_relaxed(&advice);
int err;
while ((err = unix_madvise(start, size, oadvice)) != 0 && errno == EAGAIN) { errno = 0; };
if (err != 0 && errno == EINVAL && oadvice == MADV_FREE) {
// if MADV_FREE is not supported, fall back to MADV_DONTNEED from now on
mi_atomic_store_release(&advice, (size_t)MADV_DONTNEED);
err = unix_madvise(start, size, MADV_DONTNEED);
}
#else
int err = unix_madvise(start, size, MADV_DONTNEED);
#endif
return err;
}
int _mi_prim_protect(void* start, size_t size, bool protect) {
int err = mprotect(start, size, protect ? PROT_NONE : (PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE));
if (err != 0) { err = errno; }
unix_mprotect_hint(err);
return err;
}
//---------------------------------------------
// Huge page allocation
//---------------------------------------------
#if (MI_INTPTR_SIZE >= 8) && !defined(__HAIKU__) && !defined(__CYGWIN__)
#ifndef MPOL_PREFERRED
#define MPOL_PREFERRED 1
#endif
#if defined(MI_HAS_SYSCALL_H) && defined(SYS_mbind)
static long mi_prim_mbind(void* start, unsigned long len, unsigned long mode, const unsigned long* nmask, unsigned long maxnode, unsigned flags) {
return syscall(SYS_mbind, start, len, mode, nmask, maxnode, flags);
}
#else
static long mi_prim_mbind(void* start, unsigned long len, unsigned long mode, const unsigned long* nmask, unsigned long maxnode, unsigned flags) {
MI_UNUSED(start); MI_UNUSED(len); MI_UNUSED(mode); MI_UNUSED(nmask); MI_UNUSED(maxnode); MI_UNUSED(flags);
return 0;
}
#endif
int _mi_prim_alloc_huge_os_pages(void* hint_addr, size_t size, int numa_node, bool* is_zero, void** addr) {
bool is_large = true;
*is_zero = true;
*addr = unix_mmap(hint_addr, size, MI_SEGMENT_SIZE, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, true, true, &is_large);
if (*addr != NULL && numa_node >= 0 && numa_node < 8*MI_INTPTR_SIZE) { // at most 64 nodes
unsigned long numa_mask = (1UL << numa_node);
// TODO: does `mbind` work correctly for huge OS pages? should we
// use `set_mempolicy` before calling mmap instead?
// see: <https://lkml.org/lkml/2017/2/9/875>
long err = mi_prim_mbind(*addr, size, MPOL_PREFERRED, &numa_mask, 8*MI_INTPTR_SIZE, 0);
if (err != 0) {
err = errno;
_mi_warning_message("failed to bind huge (1GiB) pages to numa node %d (error: %d (0x%x))\n", numa_node, err, err);
}
}
return (*addr != NULL ? 0 : errno);
}
#else
int _mi_prim_alloc_huge_os_pages(void* hint_addr, size_t size, int numa_node, bool* is_zero, void** addr) {
MI_UNUSED(hint_addr); MI_UNUSED(size); MI_UNUSED(numa_node);
*is_zero = false;
*addr = NULL;
return ENOMEM;
}
#endif
//---------------------------------------------
// NUMA nodes
//---------------------------------------------
#if defined(__linux__)
size_t _mi_prim_numa_node(void) {
#if defined(MI_HAS_SYSCALL_H) && defined(SYS_getcpu)
unsigned long node = 0;
unsigned long ncpu = 0;
long err = syscall(SYS_getcpu, &ncpu, &node, NULL);
if (err != 0) return 0;
return node;
#else
return 0;
#endif
}
size_t _mi_prim_numa_node_count(void) {
char buf[128];
unsigned node = 0;
for(node = 0; node < 256; node++) {
// enumerate node entries -- todo: it there a more efficient way to do this? (but ensure there is no allocation)
_mi_snprintf(buf, 127, "/sys/devices/system/node/node%u", node + 1);
if (mi_prim_access(buf,R_OK) != 0) break;
}
return (node+1);
}
#elif defined(__FreeBSD__) && __FreeBSD_version >= 1200000
size_t _mi_prim_numa_node(void) {
domainset_t dom;
size_t node;
int policy;
if (cpuset_getdomain(CPU_LEVEL_CPUSET, CPU_WHICH_PID, -1, sizeof(dom), &dom, &policy) == -1) return 0ul;
for (node = 0; node < MAXMEMDOM; node++) {
if (DOMAINSET_ISSET(node, &dom)) return node;
}
return 0ul;
}
size_t _mi_prim_numa_node_count(void) {
size_t ndomains = 0;
size_t len = sizeof(ndomains);
if (sysctlbyname("vm.ndomains", &ndomains, &len, NULL, 0) == -1) return 0ul;
return ndomains;
}
#elif defined(__DragonFly__)
size_t _mi_prim_numa_node(void) {
// TODO: DragonFly does not seem to provide any userland means to get this information.
return 0ul;
}
size_t _mi_prim_numa_node_count(void) {
size_t ncpus = 0, nvirtcoresperphys = 0;
size_t len = sizeof(size_t);
if (sysctlbyname("hw.ncpu", &ncpus, &len, NULL, 0) == -1) return 0ul;
if (sysctlbyname("hw.cpu_topology_ht_ids", &nvirtcoresperphys, &len, NULL, 0) == -1) return 0ul;
return nvirtcoresperphys * ncpus;
}
#else
size_t _mi_prim_numa_node(void) {
return 0;
}
size_t _mi_prim_numa_node_count(void) {
return 1;
}
#endif
// ----------------------------------------------------------------
// Clock
// ----------------------------------------------------------------
#include <time.h>
#if defined(CLOCK_REALTIME) || defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
mi_msecs_t _mi_prim_clock_now(void) {
struct timespec t;
#ifdef CLOCK_MONOTONIC
clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &t);
#else
clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME, &t);
#endif
return ((mi_msecs_t)t.tv_sec * 1000) + ((mi_msecs_t)t.tv_nsec / 1000000);
}
#else
// low resolution timer
mi_msecs_t _mi_prim_clock_now(void) {
#if !defined(CLOCKS_PER_SEC) || (CLOCKS_PER_SEC == 1000) || (CLOCKS_PER_SEC == 0)
return (mi_msecs_t)clock();
#elif (CLOCKS_PER_SEC < 1000)
return (mi_msecs_t)clock() * (1000 / (mi_msecs_t)CLOCKS_PER_SEC);
#else
return (mi_msecs_t)clock() / ((mi_msecs_t)CLOCKS_PER_SEC / 1000);
#endif
}
#endif
//----------------------------------------------------------------
// Process info
//----------------------------------------------------------------
#if defined(__unix__) || defined(__unix) || defined(unix) || defined(__APPLE__) || defined(__HAIKU__)
#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/resource.h>
#if defined(__APPLE__)
#include <mach/mach.h>
#endif
#if defined(__HAIKU__)
#include <kernel/OS.h>
#endif
static mi_msecs_t timeval_secs(const struct timeval* tv) {
return ((mi_msecs_t)tv->tv_sec * 1000L) + ((mi_msecs_t)tv->tv_usec / 1000L);
}
void _mi_prim_process_info(mi_process_info_t* pinfo)
{
struct rusage rusage;
getrusage(RUSAGE_SELF, &rusage);
pinfo->utime = timeval_secs(&rusage.ru_utime);
pinfo->stime = timeval_secs(&rusage.ru_stime);
#if !defined(__HAIKU__)
pinfo->page_faults = rusage.ru_majflt;
#endif
#if defined(__HAIKU__)
// Haiku does not have (yet?) a way to
// get these stats per process
thread_info tid;
area_info mem;
ssize_t c;
get_thread_info(find_thread(0), &tid);
while (get_next_area_info(tid.team, &c, &mem) == B_OK) {
pinfo->peak_rss += mem.ram_size;
}
pinfo->page_faults = 0;
#elif defined(__APPLE__)
pinfo->peak_rss = rusage.ru_maxrss; // macos reports in bytes
#ifdef MACH_TASK_BASIC_INFO
struct mach_task_basic_info info;
mach_msg_type_number_t infoCount = MACH_TASK_BASIC_INFO_COUNT;
if (task_info(mach_task_self(), MACH_TASK_BASIC_INFO, (task_info_t)&info, &infoCount) == KERN_SUCCESS) {
pinfo->current_rss = (size_t)info.resident_size;
}
#else
struct task_basic_info info;
mach_msg_type_number_t infoCount = TASK_BASIC_INFO_COUNT;
if (task_info(mach_task_self(), TASK_BASIC_INFO, (task_info_t)&info, &infoCount) == KERN_SUCCESS) {
pinfo->current_rss = (size_t)info.resident_size;
}
#endif
#else
pinfo->peak_rss = rusage.ru_maxrss * 1024; // Linux/BSD report in KiB
#endif
// use defaults for commit
}
#else
#ifndef __wasi__
// WebAssembly instances are not processes
#pragma message("define a way to get process info")
#endif
void _mi_prim_process_info(mi_process_info_t* pinfo)
{
// use defaults
MI_UNUSED(pinfo);
}
#endif
//----------------------------------------------------------------
// Output
//----------------------------------------------------------------
void _mi_prim_out_stderr( const char* msg ) {
fputs(msg,stderr);
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------
// Environment
//----------------------------------------------------------------
#if !defined(MI_USE_ENVIRON) || (MI_USE_ENVIRON!=0)
// On Posix systemsr use `environ` to access environment variables
// even before the C runtime is initialized.
#if defined(__APPLE__) && defined(__has_include) && __has_include(<crt_externs.h>)
#include <crt_externs.h>
static char** mi_get_environ(void) {
return (*_NSGetEnviron());
}
#else
extern char** environ;
static char** mi_get_environ(void) {
return environ;
}
#endif
bool _mi_prim_getenv(const char* name, char* result, size_t result_size) {
if (name==NULL) return false;
const size_t len = _mi_strlen(name);
if (len == 0) return false;
char** env = mi_get_environ();
if (env == NULL) return false;
// compare up to 10000 entries
for (int i = 0; i < 10000 && env[i] != NULL; i++) {
const char* s = env[i];
if (_mi_strnicmp(name, s, len) == 0 && s[len] == '=') { // case insensitive
// found it
_mi_strlcpy(result, s + len + 1, result_size);
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
#else
// fallback: use standard C `getenv` but this cannot be used while initializing the C runtime
bool _mi_prim_getenv(const char* name, char* result, size_t result_size) {
// cannot call getenv() when still initializing the C runtime.
if (_mi_preloading()) return false;
const char* s = getenv(name);
if (s == NULL) {
// we check the upper case name too.
char buf[64+1];
size_t len = _mi_strnlen(name,sizeof(buf)-1);
for (size_t i = 0; i < len; i++) {
buf[i] = _mi_toupper(name[i]);
}
buf[len] = 0;
s = getenv(buf);
}
if (s == NULL || _mi_strnlen(s,result_size) >= result_size) return false;
_mi_strlcpy(result, s, result_size);
return true;
}
#endif // !MI_USE_ENVIRON
//----------------------------------------------------------------
// Random
//----------------------------------------------------------------
#if defined(__APPLE__) && defined(MAC_OS_X_VERSION_10_15) && (MAC_OS_X_VERSION_MIN_REQUIRED >= MAC_OS_X_VERSION_10_15)
#include <CommonCrypto/CommonCryptoError.h>
#include <CommonCrypto/CommonRandom.h>
bool _mi_prim_random_buf(void* buf, size_t buf_len) {
// We prefere CCRandomGenerateBytes as it returns an error code while arc4random_buf
// may fail silently on macOS. See PR #390, and <https://opensource.apple.com/source/Libc/Libc-1439.40.11/gen/FreeBSD/arc4random.c.auto.html>
return (CCRandomGenerateBytes(buf, buf_len) == kCCSuccess);
}
#elif defined(__ANDROID__) || defined(__DragonFly__) || \
defined(__FreeBSD__) || defined(__NetBSD__) || defined(__OpenBSD__) || \
defined(__sun) || \
(defined(__APPLE__) && (MAC_OS_X_VERSION_MIN_REQUIRED >= MAC_OS_X_VERSION_10_7))
#include <stdlib.h>
bool _mi_prim_random_buf(void* buf, size_t buf_len) {
arc4random_buf(buf, buf_len);
return true;
}
#elif defined(__APPLE__) || defined(__linux__) || defined(__HAIKU__) // also for old apple versions < 10.7 (issue #829)
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <errno.h>
bool _mi_prim_random_buf(void* buf, size_t buf_len) {
// Modern Linux provides `getrandom` but different distributions either use `sys/random.h` or `linux/random.h`
// and for the latter the actual `getrandom` call is not always defined.
// (see <https://stackoverflow.com/questions/45237324/why-doesnt-getrandom-compile>)
// We therefore use a syscall directly and fall back dynamically to /dev/urandom when needed.
#if defined(MI_HAS_SYSCALL_H) && defined(SYS_getrandom)
#ifndef GRND_NONBLOCK
#define GRND_NONBLOCK (1)
#endif
static _Atomic(uintptr_t) no_getrandom; // = 0
if (mi_atomic_load_acquire(&no_getrandom)==0) {
ssize_t ret = syscall(SYS_getrandom, buf, buf_len, GRND_NONBLOCK);
if (ret >= 0) return (buf_len == (size_t)ret);
if (errno != ENOSYS) return false;
mi_atomic_store_release(&no_getrandom, (uintptr_t)1); // don't call again, and fall back to /dev/urandom
}
#endif
int flags = O_RDONLY;
#if defined(O_CLOEXEC)
flags |= O_CLOEXEC;
#endif
int fd = mi_prim_open("/dev/urandom", flags);
if (fd < 0) return false;
size_t count = 0;
while(count < buf_len) {
ssize_t ret = mi_prim_read(fd, (char*)buf + count, buf_len - count);
if (ret<=0) {
if (errno!=EAGAIN && errno!=EINTR) break;
}
else {
count += ret;
}
}
mi_prim_close(fd);
return (count==buf_len);
}
#else
bool _mi_prim_random_buf(void* buf, size_t buf_len) {
return false;
}
#endif
//----------------------------------------------------------------
// Thread init/done
//----------------------------------------------------------------
#if defined(MI_USE_PTHREADS)
// use pthread local storage keys to detect thread ending
// (and used with MI_TLS_PTHREADS for the default heap)
pthread_key_t _mi_heap_default_key = (pthread_key_t)(-1);
static void mi_pthread_done(void* value) {
if (value!=NULL) {
_mi_thread_done((mi_heap_t*)value);
}
}
void _mi_prim_thread_init_auto_done(void) {
mi_assert_internal(_mi_heap_default_key == (pthread_key_t)(-1));
pthread_key_create(&_mi_heap_default_key, &mi_pthread_done);
}
void _mi_prim_thread_done_auto_done(void) {
if (_mi_heap_default_key != (pthread_key_t)(-1)) { // do not leak the key, see issue #809
pthread_key_delete(_mi_heap_default_key);
}
}
void _mi_prim_thread_associate_default_heap(mi_heap_t* heap) {
if (_mi_heap_default_key != (pthread_key_t)(-1)) { // can happen during recursive invocation on freeBSD
pthread_setspecific(_mi_heap_default_key, heap);
}
}
#else
void _mi_prim_thread_init_auto_done(void) {
// nothing
}
void _mi_prim_thread_done_auto_done(void) {
// nothing
}
void _mi_prim_thread_associate_default_heap(mi_heap_t* heap) {
MI_UNUSED(heap);
}
#endif

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/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Copyright (c) 2018-2023, Microsoft Research, Daan Leijen
This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
terms of the MIT license. A copy of the license can be found in the file
"LICENSE" at the root of this distribution.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
// This file is included in `src/prim/prim.c`
#include "mimalloc.h"
#include "mimalloc/internal.h"
#include "mimalloc/prim.h"
#include <stdio.h> // fputs
#include <stdlib.h> // getenv
//---------------------------------------------
// Initialize
//---------------------------------------------
void _mi_prim_mem_init( mi_os_mem_config_t* config ) {
config->page_size = 64*MI_KiB; // WebAssembly has a fixed page size: 64KiB
config->alloc_granularity = 16;
config->has_overcommit = false;
config->has_partial_free = false;
config->has_virtual_reserve = false;
}
//---------------------------------------------
// Free
//---------------------------------------------
int _mi_prim_free(void* addr, size_t size ) {
MI_UNUSED(addr); MI_UNUSED(size);
// wasi heap cannot be shrunk
return 0;
}
//---------------------------------------------
// Allocation: sbrk or memory_grow
//---------------------------------------------
#if defined(MI_USE_SBRK)
#include <unistd.h> // for sbrk
static void* mi_memory_grow( size_t size ) {
void* p = sbrk(size);
if (p == (void*)(-1)) return NULL;
#if !defined(__wasi__) // on wasi this is always zero initialized already (?)
memset(p,0,size);
#endif
return p;
}
#elif defined(__wasi__)
static void* mi_memory_grow( size_t size ) {
size_t base = (size > 0 ? __builtin_wasm_memory_grow(0,_mi_divide_up(size, _mi_os_page_size()))
: __builtin_wasm_memory_size(0));
if (base == SIZE_MAX) return NULL;
return (void*)(base * _mi_os_page_size());
}
#endif
#if defined(MI_USE_PTHREADS)
static pthread_mutex_t mi_heap_grow_mutex = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
#endif
static void* mi_prim_mem_grow(size_t size, size_t try_alignment) {
void* p = NULL;
if (try_alignment <= 1) {
// `sbrk` is not thread safe in general so try to protect it (we could skip this on WASM but leave it in for now)
#if defined(MI_USE_PTHREADS)
pthread_mutex_lock(&mi_heap_grow_mutex);
#endif
p = mi_memory_grow(size);
#if defined(MI_USE_PTHREADS)
pthread_mutex_unlock(&mi_heap_grow_mutex);
#endif
}
else {
void* base = NULL;
size_t alloc_size = 0;
// to allocate aligned use a lock to try to avoid thread interaction
// between getting the current size and actual allocation
// (also, `sbrk` is not thread safe in general)
#if defined(MI_USE_PTHREADS)
pthread_mutex_lock(&mi_heap_grow_mutex);
#endif
{
void* current = mi_memory_grow(0); // get current size
if (current != NULL) {
void* aligned_current = mi_align_up_ptr(current, try_alignment); // and align from there to minimize wasted space
alloc_size = _mi_align_up( ((uint8_t*)aligned_current - (uint8_t*)current) + size, _mi_os_page_size());
base = mi_memory_grow(alloc_size);
}
}
#if defined(MI_USE_PTHREADS)
pthread_mutex_unlock(&mi_heap_grow_mutex);
#endif
if (base != NULL) {
p = mi_align_up_ptr(base, try_alignment);
if ((uint8_t*)p + size > (uint8_t*)base + alloc_size) {
// another thread used wasm_memory_grow/sbrk in-between and we do not have enough
// space after alignment. Give up (and waste the space as we cannot shrink :-( )
// (in `mi_os_mem_alloc_aligned` this will fall back to overallocation to align)
p = NULL;
}
}
}
/*
if (p == NULL) {
_mi_warning_message("unable to allocate sbrk/wasm_memory_grow OS memory (%zu bytes, %zu alignment)\n", size, try_alignment);
errno = ENOMEM;
return NULL;
}
*/
mi_assert_internal( p == NULL || try_alignment == 0 || (uintptr_t)p % try_alignment == 0 );
return p;
}
// Note: the `try_alignment` is just a hint and the returned pointer is not guaranteed to be aligned.
int _mi_prim_alloc(void* hint_addr, size_t size, size_t try_alignment, bool commit, bool allow_large, bool* is_large, bool* is_zero, void** addr) {
MI_UNUSED(allow_large); MI_UNUSED(commit); MI_UNUSED(hint_addr);
*is_large = false;
*is_zero = false;
*addr = mi_prim_mem_grow(size, try_alignment);
return (*addr != NULL ? 0 : ENOMEM);
}
//---------------------------------------------
// Commit/Reset/Protect
//---------------------------------------------
int _mi_prim_commit(void* addr, size_t size, bool* is_zero) {
MI_UNUSED(addr); MI_UNUSED(size);
*is_zero = false;
return 0;
}
int _mi_prim_decommit(void* addr, size_t size, bool* needs_recommit) {
MI_UNUSED(addr); MI_UNUSED(size);
*needs_recommit = false;
return 0;
}
int _mi_prim_reset(void* addr, size_t size) {
MI_UNUSED(addr); MI_UNUSED(size);
return 0;
}
int _mi_prim_protect(void* addr, size_t size, bool protect) {
MI_UNUSED(addr); MI_UNUSED(size); MI_UNUSED(protect);
return 0;
}
//---------------------------------------------
// Huge pages and NUMA nodes
//---------------------------------------------
int _mi_prim_alloc_huge_os_pages(void* hint_addr, size_t size, int numa_node, bool* is_zero, void** addr) {
MI_UNUSED(hint_addr); MI_UNUSED(size); MI_UNUSED(numa_node);
*is_zero = true;
*addr = NULL;
return ENOSYS;
}
size_t _mi_prim_numa_node(void) {
return 0;
}
size_t _mi_prim_numa_node_count(void) {
return 1;
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------
// Clock
//----------------------------------------------------------------
#include <time.h>
#if defined(CLOCK_REALTIME) || defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
mi_msecs_t _mi_prim_clock_now(void) {
struct timespec t;
#ifdef CLOCK_MONOTONIC
clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &t);
#else
clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME, &t);
#endif
return ((mi_msecs_t)t.tv_sec * 1000) + ((mi_msecs_t)t.tv_nsec / 1000000);
}
#else
// low resolution timer
mi_msecs_t _mi_prim_clock_now(void) {
#if !defined(CLOCKS_PER_SEC) || (CLOCKS_PER_SEC == 1000) || (CLOCKS_PER_SEC == 0)
return (mi_msecs_t)clock();
#elif (CLOCKS_PER_SEC < 1000)
return (mi_msecs_t)clock() * (1000 / (mi_msecs_t)CLOCKS_PER_SEC);
#else
return (mi_msecs_t)clock() / ((mi_msecs_t)CLOCKS_PER_SEC / 1000);
#endif
}
#endif
//----------------------------------------------------------------
// Process info
//----------------------------------------------------------------
void _mi_prim_process_info(mi_process_info_t* pinfo)
{
// use defaults
MI_UNUSED(pinfo);
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------
// Output
//----------------------------------------------------------------
void _mi_prim_out_stderr( const char* msg ) {
fputs(msg,stderr);
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------
// Environment
//----------------------------------------------------------------
bool _mi_prim_getenv(const char* name, char* result, size_t result_size) {
// cannot call getenv() when still initializing the C runtime.
if (_mi_preloading()) return false;
const char* s = getenv(name);
if (s == NULL) {
// we check the upper case name too.
char buf[64+1];
size_t len = _mi_strnlen(name,sizeof(buf)-1);
for (size_t i = 0; i < len; i++) {
buf[i] = _mi_toupper(name[i]);
}
buf[len] = 0;
s = getenv(buf);
}
if (s == NULL || _mi_strnlen(s,result_size) >= result_size) return false;
_mi_strlcpy(result, s, result_size);
return true;
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------
// Random
//----------------------------------------------------------------
bool _mi_prim_random_buf(void* buf, size_t buf_len) {
return false;
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------
// Thread init/done
//----------------------------------------------------------------
void _mi_prim_thread_init_auto_done(void) {
// nothing
}
void _mi_prim_thread_done_auto_done(void) {
// nothing
}
void _mi_prim_thread_associate_default_heap(mi_heap_t* heap) {
MI_UNUSED(heap);
}

View File

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<WindowsPerformanceRecorder Version="1.0">
<Profiles>
<SystemCollector Id="WPR_initiated_WprApp_WPR_System_Collector" Name="WPR_initiated_WprApp_WPR System Collector">
<BufferSize Value="1024" />
<Buffers Value="100" />
</SystemCollector>
<EventCollector Id="Mimalloc_Collector" Name="Mimalloc Collector">
<BufferSize Value="1024" />
<Buffers Value="100" />
</EventCollector>
<SystemProvider Id="WPR_initiated_WprApp_WPR_System_Collector_Provider">
<Keywords>
<Keyword Value="Loader" />
</Keywords>
</SystemProvider>
<EventProvider Id="MimallocEventProvider" Name="138f4dbb-ee04-4899-aa0a-572ad4475779" NonPagedMemory="true" Stack="true">
<EventFilters FilterIn="true">
<EventId Value="100" />
<EventId Value="101" />
</EventFilters>
</EventProvider>
<Profile Id="CustomHeap.Verbose.File" Name="CustomHeap" Description="RunningProfile:CustomHeap.Verbose.File" LoggingMode="File" DetailLevel="Verbose">
<ProblemCategories>
<ProblemCategory Value="Resource Analysis" />
</ProblemCategories>
<Collectors>
<SystemCollectorId Value="WPR_initiated_WprApp_WPR_System_Collector">
<SystemProviderId Value="WPR_initiated_WprApp_WPR_System_Collector_Provider" />
</SystemCollectorId>
<EventCollectorId Value="Mimalloc_Collector">
<EventProviders>
<EventProviderId Value="MimallocEventProvider" >
<Keywords>
<Keyword Value="100"/>
<Keyword Value="101"/>
</Keywords>
</EventProviderId>
</EventProviders>
</EventCollectorId>
</Collectors>
<TraceMergeProperties>
<TraceMergeProperty Id="BaseVerboseTraceMergeProperties" Name="BaseTraceMergeProperties">
<DeletePreMergedTraceFiles Value="true" />
<FileCompression Value="false" />
<InjectOnly Value="false" />
<SkipMerge Value="false" />
<CustomEvents>
<CustomEvent Value="ImageId" />
<CustomEvent Value="BuildInfo" />
<CustomEvent Value="VolumeMapping" />
<CustomEvent Value="EventMetadata" />
<CustomEvent Value="PerfTrackMetadata" />
<CustomEvent Value="WinSAT" />
<CustomEvent Value="NetworkInterface" />
</CustomEvents>
</TraceMergeProperty>
</TraceMergeProperties>
</Profile>
</Profiles>
</WindowsPerformanceRecorder>

View File

@ -0,0 +1,905 @@
//**********************************************************************`
//* This is an include file generated by Message Compiler. *`
//* *`
//* Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation. All Rights Reserved. *`
//**********************************************************************`
#pragma once
//*****************************************************************************
//
// Notes on the ETW event code generated by MC:
//
// - Structures and arrays of structures are treated as an opaque binary blob.
// The caller is responsible for packing the data for the structure into a
// single region of memory, with no padding between values. The macro will
// have an extra parameter for the length of the blob.
// - Arrays of nul-terminated strings must be packed by the caller into a
// single binary blob containing the correct number of strings, with a nul
// after each string. The size of the blob is specified in characters, and
// includes the final nul.
// - Arrays of SID are treated as a single binary blob. The caller is
// responsible for packing the SID values into a single region of memory with
// no padding.
// - The length attribute on the data element in the manifest is significant
// for values with intype win:UnicodeString, win:AnsiString, or win:Binary.
// The length attribute must be specified for win:Binary, and is optional for
// win:UnicodeString and win:AnsiString (if no length is given, the strings
// are assumed to be nul-terminated). For win:UnicodeString, the length is
// measured in characters, not bytes.
// - For an array of win:UnicodeString, win:AnsiString, or win:Binary, the
// length attribute applies to every value in the array, so every value in
// the array must have the same length. The values in the array are provided
// to the macro via a single pointer -- the caller is responsible for packing
// all of the values into a single region of memory with no padding between
// values.
// - Values of type win:CountedUnicodeString, win:CountedAnsiString, and
// win:CountedBinary can be generated and collected on Vista or later.
// However, they may not decode properly without the Windows 10 2018 Fall
// Update.
// - Arrays of type win:CountedUnicodeString, win:CountedAnsiString, and
// win:CountedBinary must be packed by the caller into a single region of
// memory. The format for each item is a UINT16 byte-count followed by that
// many bytes of data. When providing the array to the generated macro, you
// must provide the total size of the packed array data, including the UINT16
// sizes for each item. In the case of win:CountedUnicodeString, the data
// size is specified in WCHAR (16-bit) units. In the case of
// win:CountedAnsiString and win:CountedBinary, the data size is specified in
// bytes.
//
//*****************************************************************************
#include <wmistr.h>
#include <evntrace.h>
#include <evntprov.h>
#ifndef ETW_INLINE
#ifdef _ETW_KM_
// In kernel mode, save stack space by never inlining templates.
#define ETW_INLINE DECLSPEC_NOINLINE __inline
#else
// In user mode, save code size by inlining templates as appropriate.
#define ETW_INLINE __inline
#endif
#endif // ETW_INLINE
#if defined(__cplusplus)
extern "C" {
#endif
//
// MCGEN_DISABLE_PROVIDER_CODE_GENERATION macro:
// Define this macro to have the compiler skip the generated functions in this
// header.
//
#ifndef MCGEN_DISABLE_PROVIDER_CODE_GENERATION
//
// MCGEN_USE_KERNEL_MODE_APIS macro:
// Controls whether the generated code uses kernel-mode or user-mode APIs.
// - Set to 0 to use Windows user-mode APIs such as EventRegister.
// - Set to 1 to use Windows kernel-mode APIs such as EtwRegister.
// Default is based on whether the _ETW_KM_ macro is defined (i.e. by wdm.h).
// Note that the APIs can also be overridden directly, e.g. by setting the
// MCGEN_EVENTWRITETRANSFER or MCGEN_EVENTREGISTER macros.
//
#ifndef MCGEN_USE_KERNEL_MODE_APIS
#ifdef _ETW_KM_
#define MCGEN_USE_KERNEL_MODE_APIS 1
#else
#define MCGEN_USE_KERNEL_MODE_APIS 0
#endif
#endif // MCGEN_USE_KERNEL_MODE_APIS
//
// MCGEN_HAVE_EVENTSETINFORMATION macro:
// Controls how McGenEventSetInformation uses the EventSetInformation API.
// - Set to 0 to disable the use of EventSetInformation
// (McGenEventSetInformation will always return an error).
// - Set to 1 to directly invoke MCGEN_EVENTSETINFORMATION.
// - Set to 2 to to locate EventSetInformation at runtime via GetProcAddress
// (user-mode) or MmGetSystemRoutineAddress (kernel-mode).
// Default is determined as follows:
// - If MCGEN_EVENTSETINFORMATION has been customized, set to 1
// (i.e. use MCGEN_EVENTSETINFORMATION).
// - Else if the target OS version has EventSetInformation, set to 1
// (i.e. use MCGEN_EVENTSETINFORMATION).
// - Else set to 2 (i.e. try to dynamically locate EventSetInformation).
// Note that an McGenEventSetInformation function will only be generated if one
// or more provider in a manifest has provider traits.
//
#ifndef MCGEN_HAVE_EVENTSETINFORMATION
#ifdef MCGEN_EVENTSETINFORMATION // if MCGEN_EVENTSETINFORMATION has been customized,
#define MCGEN_HAVE_EVENTSETINFORMATION 1 // directly invoke MCGEN_EVENTSETINFORMATION(...).
#elif MCGEN_USE_KERNEL_MODE_APIS // else if using kernel-mode APIs,
#if NTDDI_VERSION >= 0x06040000 // if target OS is Windows 10 or later,
#define MCGEN_HAVE_EVENTSETINFORMATION 1 // directly invoke MCGEN_EVENTSETINFORMATION(...).
#else // else
#define MCGEN_HAVE_EVENTSETINFORMATION 2 // find "EtwSetInformation" via MmGetSystemRoutineAddress.
#endif // else (using user-mode APIs)
#else // if target OS and SDK is Windows 8 or later,
#if WINVER >= 0x0602 && defined(EVENT_FILTER_TYPE_SCHEMATIZED)
#define MCGEN_HAVE_EVENTSETINFORMATION 1 // directly invoke MCGEN_EVENTSETINFORMATION(...).
#else // else
#define MCGEN_HAVE_EVENTSETINFORMATION 2 // find "EventSetInformation" via GetModuleHandleExW/GetProcAddress.
#endif
#endif
#endif // MCGEN_HAVE_EVENTSETINFORMATION
//
// MCGEN Override Macros
//
// The following override macros may be defined before including this header
// to control the APIs used by this header:
//
// - MCGEN_EVENTREGISTER
// - MCGEN_EVENTUNREGISTER
// - MCGEN_EVENTSETINFORMATION
// - MCGEN_EVENTWRITETRANSFER
//
// If the the macro is undefined, the MC implementation will default to the
// corresponding ETW APIs. For example, if the MCGEN_EVENTREGISTER macro is
// undefined, the EventRegister[MyProviderName] macro will use EventRegister
// in user mode and will use EtwRegister in kernel mode.
//
// To prevent issues from conflicting definitions of these macros, the value
// of the override macro will be used as a suffix in certain internal function
// names. Because of this, the override macros must follow certain rules:
//
// - The macro must be defined before any MC-generated header is included and
// must not be undefined or redefined after any MC-generated header is
// included. Different translation units (i.e. different .c or .cpp files)
// may set the macros to different values, but within a translation unit
// (within a single .c or .cpp file), the macro must be set once and not
// changed.
// - The override must be an object-like macro, not a function-like macro
// (i.e. the override macro must not have a parameter list).
// - The override macro's value must be a simple identifier, i.e. must be
// something that starts with a letter or '_' and contains only letters,
// numbers, and '_' characters.
// - If the override macro's value is the name of a second object-like macro,
// the second object-like macro must follow the same rules. (The override
// macro's value can also be the name of a function-like macro, in which
// case the function-like macro does not need to follow the same rules.)
//
// For example, the following will cause compile errors:
//
// #define MCGEN_EVENTWRITETRANSFER MyNamespace::MyClass::MyFunction // Value has non-identifier characters (colon).
// #define MCGEN_EVENTWRITETRANSFER GetEventWriteFunctionPointer(7) // Value has non-identifier characters (parentheses).
// #define MCGEN_EVENTWRITETRANSFER(h,e,a,r,c,d) EventWrite(h,e,c,d) // Override is defined as a function-like macro.
// #define MY_OBJECT_LIKE_MACRO MyNamespace::MyClass::MyEventWriteFunction
// #define MCGEN_EVENTWRITETRANSFER MY_OBJECT_LIKE_MACRO // Evaluates to something with non-identifier characters (colon).
//
// The following would be ok:
//
// #define MCGEN_EVENTWRITETRANSFER MyEventWriteFunction1 // OK, suffix will be "MyEventWriteFunction1".
// #define MY_OBJECT_LIKE_MACRO MyEventWriteFunction2
// #define MCGEN_EVENTWRITETRANSFER MY_OBJECT_LIKE_MACRO // OK, suffix will be "MyEventWriteFunction2".
// #define MY_FUNCTION_LIKE_MACRO(h,e,a,r,c,d) MyNamespace::MyClass::MyEventWriteFunction3(h,e,c,d)
// #define MCGEN_EVENTWRITETRANSFER MY_FUNCTION_LIKE_MACRO // OK, suffix will be "MY_FUNCTION_LIKE_MACRO".
//
#ifndef MCGEN_EVENTREGISTER
#if MCGEN_USE_KERNEL_MODE_APIS
#define MCGEN_EVENTREGISTER EtwRegister
#else
#define MCGEN_EVENTREGISTER EventRegister
#endif
#endif // MCGEN_EVENTREGISTER
#ifndef MCGEN_EVENTUNREGISTER
#if MCGEN_USE_KERNEL_MODE_APIS
#define MCGEN_EVENTUNREGISTER EtwUnregister
#else
#define MCGEN_EVENTUNREGISTER EventUnregister
#endif
#endif // MCGEN_EVENTUNREGISTER
#ifndef MCGEN_EVENTSETINFORMATION
#if MCGEN_USE_KERNEL_MODE_APIS
#define MCGEN_EVENTSETINFORMATION EtwSetInformation
#else
#define MCGEN_EVENTSETINFORMATION EventSetInformation
#endif
#endif // MCGEN_EVENTSETINFORMATION
#ifndef MCGEN_EVENTWRITETRANSFER
#if MCGEN_USE_KERNEL_MODE_APIS
#define MCGEN_EVENTWRITETRANSFER EtwWriteTransfer
#else
#define MCGEN_EVENTWRITETRANSFER EventWriteTransfer
#endif
#endif // MCGEN_EVENTWRITETRANSFER
//
// MCGEN_EVENT_ENABLED macro:
// Override to control how the EventWrite[EventName] macros determine whether
// an event is enabled. The default behavior is for EventWrite[EventName] to
// use the EventEnabled[EventName] macros.
//
#ifndef MCGEN_EVENT_ENABLED
#define MCGEN_EVENT_ENABLED(EventName) EventEnabled##EventName()
#endif
//
// MCGEN_EVENT_ENABLED_FORCONTEXT macro:
// Override to control how the EventWrite[EventName]_ForContext macros
// determine whether an event is enabled. The default behavior is for
// EventWrite[EventName]_ForContext to use the
// EventEnabled[EventName]_ForContext macros.
//
#ifndef MCGEN_EVENT_ENABLED_FORCONTEXT
#define MCGEN_EVENT_ENABLED_FORCONTEXT(pContext, EventName) EventEnabled##EventName##_ForContext(pContext)
#endif
//
// MCGEN_ENABLE_CHECK macro:
// Determines whether the specified event would be considered as enabled
// based on the state of the specified context. Slightly faster than calling
// McGenEventEnabled directly.
//
#ifndef MCGEN_ENABLE_CHECK
#define MCGEN_ENABLE_CHECK(Context, Descriptor) (Context.IsEnabled && McGenEventEnabled(&Context, &Descriptor))
#endif
#if !defined(MCGEN_TRACE_CONTEXT_DEF)
#define MCGEN_TRACE_CONTEXT_DEF
// This structure is for use by MC-generated code and should not be used directly.
typedef struct _MCGEN_TRACE_CONTEXT
{
TRACEHANDLE RegistrationHandle;
TRACEHANDLE Logger; // Used as pointer to provider traits.
ULONGLONG MatchAnyKeyword;
ULONGLONG MatchAllKeyword;
ULONG Flags;
ULONG IsEnabled;
UCHAR Level;
UCHAR Reserve;
USHORT EnableBitsCount;
PULONG EnableBitMask;
const ULONGLONG* EnableKeyWords;
const UCHAR* EnableLevel;
} MCGEN_TRACE_CONTEXT, *PMCGEN_TRACE_CONTEXT;
#endif // MCGEN_TRACE_CONTEXT_DEF
#if !defined(MCGEN_LEVEL_KEYWORD_ENABLED_DEF)
#define MCGEN_LEVEL_KEYWORD_ENABLED_DEF
//
// Determines whether an event with a given Level and Keyword would be
// considered as enabled based on the state of the specified context.
// Note that you may want to use MCGEN_ENABLE_CHECK instead of calling this
// function directly.
//
FORCEINLINE
BOOLEAN
McGenLevelKeywordEnabled(
_In_ PMCGEN_TRACE_CONTEXT EnableInfo,
_In_ UCHAR Level,
_In_ ULONGLONG Keyword
)
{
//
// Check if the event Level is lower than the level at which
// the channel is enabled.
// If the event Level is 0 or the channel is enabled at level 0,
// all levels are enabled.
//
if ((Level <= EnableInfo->Level) || // This also covers the case of Level == 0.
(EnableInfo->Level == 0)) {
//
// Check if Keyword is enabled
//
if ((Keyword == (ULONGLONG)0) ||
((Keyword & EnableInfo->MatchAnyKeyword) &&
((Keyword & EnableInfo->MatchAllKeyword) == EnableInfo->MatchAllKeyword))) {
return TRUE;
}
}
return FALSE;
}
#endif // MCGEN_LEVEL_KEYWORD_ENABLED_DEF
#if !defined(MCGEN_EVENT_ENABLED_DEF)
#define MCGEN_EVENT_ENABLED_DEF
//
// Determines whether the specified event would be considered as enabled based
// on the state of the specified context. Note that you may want to use
// MCGEN_ENABLE_CHECK instead of calling this function directly.
//
FORCEINLINE
BOOLEAN
McGenEventEnabled(
_In_ PMCGEN_TRACE_CONTEXT EnableInfo,
_In_ PCEVENT_DESCRIPTOR EventDescriptor
)
{
return McGenLevelKeywordEnabled(EnableInfo, EventDescriptor->Level, EventDescriptor->Keyword);
}
#endif // MCGEN_EVENT_ENABLED_DEF
#if !defined(MCGEN_CONTROL_CALLBACK)
#define MCGEN_CONTROL_CALLBACK
// This function is for use by MC-generated code and should not be used directly.
DECLSPEC_NOINLINE __inline
VOID
__stdcall
McGenControlCallbackV2(
_In_ LPCGUID SourceId,
_In_ ULONG ControlCode,
_In_ UCHAR Level,
_In_ ULONGLONG MatchAnyKeyword,
_In_ ULONGLONG MatchAllKeyword,
_In_opt_ PEVENT_FILTER_DESCRIPTOR FilterData,
_Inout_opt_ PVOID CallbackContext
)
/*++
Routine Description:
This is the notification callback for Windows Vista and later.
Arguments:
SourceId - The GUID that identifies the session that enabled the provider.
ControlCode - The parameter indicates whether the provider
is being enabled or disabled.
Level - The level at which the event is enabled.
MatchAnyKeyword - The bitmask of keywords that the provider uses to
determine the category of events that it writes.
MatchAllKeyword - This bitmask additionally restricts the category
of events that the provider writes.
FilterData - The provider-defined data.
CallbackContext - The context of the callback that is defined when the provider
called EtwRegister to register itself.
Remarks:
ETW calls this function to notify provider of enable/disable
--*/
{
PMCGEN_TRACE_CONTEXT Ctx = (PMCGEN_TRACE_CONTEXT)CallbackContext;
ULONG Ix;
#ifndef MCGEN_PRIVATE_ENABLE_CALLBACK_V2
UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER(SourceId);
UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER(FilterData);
#endif
if (Ctx == NULL) {
return;
}
switch (ControlCode) {
case EVENT_CONTROL_CODE_ENABLE_PROVIDER:
Ctx->Level = Level;
Ctx->MatchAnyKeyword = MatchAnyKeyword;
Ctx->MatchAllKeyword = MatchAllKeyword;
Ctx->IsEnabled = EVENT_CONTROL_CODE_ENABLE_PROVIDER;
for (Ix = 0; Ix < Ctx->EnableBitsCount; Ix += 1) {
if (McGenLevelKeywordEnabled(Ctx, Ctx->EnableLevel[Ix], Ctx->EnableKeyWords[Ix]) != FALSE) {
Ctx->EnableBitMask[Ix >> 5] |= (1 << (Ix % 32));
} else {
Ctx->EnableBitMask[Ix >> 5] &= ~(1 << (Ix % 32));
}
}
break;
case EVENT_CONTROL_CODE_DISABLE_PROVIDER:
Ctx->IsEnabled = EVENT_CONTROL_CODE_DISABLE_PROVIDER;
Ctx->Level = 0;
Ctx->MatchAnyKeyword = 0;
Ctx->MatchAllKeyword = 0;
if (Ctx->EnableBitsCount > 0) {
#pragma warning(suppress: 26451) // Arithmetic overflow cannot occur, no matter the value of EnableBitCount
RtlZeroMemory(Ctx->EnableBitMask, (((Ctx->EnableBitsCount - 1) / 32) + 1) * sizeof(ULONG));
}
break;
default:
break;
}
#ifdef MCGEN_PRIVATE_ENABLE_CALLBACK_V2
//
// Call user defined callback
//
MCGEN_PRIVATE_ENABLE_CALLBACK_V2(
SourceId,
ControlCode,
Level,
MatchAnyKeyword,
MatchAllKeyword,
FilterData,
CallbackContext
);
#endif // MCGEN_PRIVATE_ENABLE_CALLBACK_V2
return;
}
#endif // MCGEN_CONTROL_CALLBACK
#ifndef _mcgen_PENABLECALLBACK
#if MCGEN_USE_KERNEL_MODE_APIS
#define _mcgen_PENABLECALLBACK PETWENABLECALLBACK
#else
#define _mcgen_PENABLECALLBACK PENABLECALLBACK
#endif
#endif // _mcgen_PENABLECALLBACK
#if !defined(_mcgen_PASTE2)
// This macro is for use by MC-generated code and should not be used directly.
#define _mcgen_PASTE2(a, b) _mcgen_PASTE2_imp(a, b)
#define _mcgen_PASTE2_imp(a, b) a##b
#endif // _mcgen_PASTE2
#if !defined(_mcgen_PASTE3)
// This macro is for use by MC-generated code and should not be used directly.
#define _mcgen_PASTE3(a, b, c) _mcgen_PASTE3_imp(a, b, c)
#define _mcgen_PASTE3_imp(a, b, c) a##b##_##c
#endif // _mcgen_PASTE3
//
// Macro validation
//
// Validate MCGEN_EVENTREGISTER:
// Trigger an error if MCGEN_EVENTREGISTER is not an unqualified (simple) identifier:
struct _mcgen_PASTE2(MCGEN_EVENTREGISTER_definition_must_be_an_unqualified_identifier_, MCGEN_EVENTREGISTER);
// Trigger an error if MCGEN_EVENTREGISTER is redefined:
typedef struct _mcgen_PASTE2(MCGEN_EVENTREGISTER_definition_must_be_an_unqualified_identifier_, MCGEN_EVENTREGISTER)
MCGEN_EVENTREGISTER_must_not_be_redefined_between_headers;
// Trigger an error if MCGEN_EVENTREGISTER is defined as a function-like macro:
typedef void MCGEN_EVENTREGISTER_must_not_be_a_functionLike_macro_MCGEN_EVENTREGISTER;
typedef int _mcgen_PASTE2(MCGEN_EVENTREGISTER_must_not_be_a_functionLike_macro_, MCGEN_EVENTREGISTER);
// Validate MCGEN_EVENTUNREGISTER:
// Trigger an error if MCGEN_EVENTUNREGISTER is not an unqualified (simple) identifier:
struct _mcgen_PASTE2(MCGEN_EVENTUNREGISTER_definition_must_be_an_unqualified_identifier_, MCGEN_EVENTUNREGISTER);
// Trigger an error if MCGEN_EVENTUNREGISTER is redefined:
typedef struct _mcgen_PASTE2(MCGEN_EVENTUNREGISTER_definition_must_be_an_unqualified_identifier_, MCGEN_EVENTUNREGISTER)
MCGEN_EVENTUNREGISTER_must_not_be_redefined_between_headers;
// Trigger an error if MCGEN_EVENTUNREGISTER is defined as a function-like macro:
typedef void MCGEN_EVENTUNREGISTER_must_not_be_a_functionLike_macro_MCGEN_EVENTUNREGISTER;
typedef int _mcgen_PASTE2(MCGEN_EVENTUNREGISTER_must_not_be_a_functionLike_macro_, MCGEN_EVENTUNREGISTER);
// Validate MCGEN_EVENTSETINFORMATION:
// Trigger an error if MCGEN_EVENTSETINFORMATION is not an unqualified (simple) identifier:
struct _mcgen_PASTE2(MCGEN_EVENTSETINFORMATION_definition_must_be_an_unqualified_identifier_, MCGEN_EVENTSETINFORMATION);
// Trigger an error if MCGEN_EVENTSETINFORMATION is redefined:
typedef struct _mcgen_PASTE2(MCGEN_EVENTSETINFORMATION_definition_must_be_an_unqualified_identifier_, MCGEN_EVENTSETINFORMATION)
MCGEN_EVENTSETINFORMATION_must_not_be_redefined_between_headers;
// Trigger an error if MCGEN_EVENTSETINFORMATION is defined as a function-like macro:
typedef void MCGEN_EVENTSETINFORMATION_must_not_be_a_functionLike_macro_MCGEN_EVENTSETINFORMATION;
typedef int _mcgen_PASTE2(MCGEN_EVENTSETINFORMATION_must_not_be_a_functionLike_macro_, MCGEN_EVENTSETINFORMATION);
// Validate MCGEN_EVENTWRITETRANSFER:
// Trigger an error if MCGEN_EVENTWRITETRANSFER is not an unqualified (simple) identifier:
struct _mcgen_PASTE2(MCGEN_EVENTWRITETRANSFER_definition_must_be_an_unqualified_identifier_, MCGEN_EVENTWRITETRANSFER);
// Trigger an error if MCGEN_EVENTWRITETRANSFER is redefined:
typedef struct _mcgen_PASTE2(MCGEN_EVENTWRITETRANSFER_definition_must_be_an_unqualified_identifier_, MCGEN_EVENTWRITETRANSFER)
MCGEN_EVENTWRITETRANSFER_must_not_be_redefined_between_headers;;
// Trigger an error if MCGEN_EVENTWRITETRANSFER is defined as a function-like macro:
typedef void MCGEN_EVENTWRITETRANSFER_must_not_be_a_functionLike_macro_MCGEN_EVENTWRITETRANSFER;
typedef int _mcgen_PASTE2(MCGEN_EVENTWRITETRANSFER_must_not_be_a_functionLike_macro_, MCGEN_EVENTWRITETRANSFER);
#ifndef McGenEventWrite_def
#define McGenEventWrite_def
// This macro is for use by MC-generated code and should not be used directly.
#define McGenEventWrite _mcgen_PASTE2(McGenEventWrite_, MCGEN_EVENTWRITETRANSFER)
// This function is for use by MC-generated code and should not be used directly.
DECLSPEC_NOINLINE __inline
ULONG __stdcall
McGenEventWrite(
_In_ PMCGEN_TRACE_CONTEXT Context,
_In_ PCEVENT_DESCRIPTOR Descriptor,
_In_opt_ LPCGUID ActivityId,
_In_range_(1, 128) ULONG EventDataCount,
_Pre_cap_(EventDataCount) EVENT_DATA_DESCRIPTOR* EventData
)
{
const USHORT UNALIGNED* Traits;
// Some customized MCGEN_EVENTWRITETRANSFER macros might ignore ActivityId.
UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER(ActivityId);
Traits = (const USHORT UNALIGNED*)(UINT_PTR)Context->Logger;
if (Traits == NULL) {
EventData[0].Ptr = 0;
EventData[0].Size = 0;
EventData[0].Reserved = 0;
} else {
EventData[0].Ptr = (ULONG_PTR)Traits;
EventData[0].Size = *Traits;
EventData[0].Reserved = 2; // EVENT_DATA_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_PROVIDER_METADATA
}
return MCGEN_EVENTWRITETRANSFER(
Context->RegistrationHandle,
Descriptor,
ActivityId,
NULL,
EventDataCount,
EventData);
}
#endif // McGenEventWrite_def
#if !defined(McGenEventRegisterUnregister)
#define McGenEventRegisterUnregister
// This macro is for use by MC-generated code and should not be used directly.
#define McGenEventRegister _mcgen_PASTE2(McGenEventRegister_, MCGEN_EVENTREGISTER)
#pragma warning(push)
#pragma warning(disable:6103)
// This function is for use by MC-generated code and should not be used directly.
DECLSPEC_NOINLINE __inline
ULONG __stdcall
McGenEventRegister(
_In_ LPCGUID ProviderId,
_In_opt_ _mcgen_PENABLECALLBACK EnableCallback,
_In_opt_ PVOID CallbackContext,
_Inout_ PREGHANDLE RegHandle
)
/*++
Routine Description:
This function registers the provider with ETW.
Arguments:
ProviderId - Provider ID to register with ETW.
EnableCallback - Callback to be used.
CallbackContext - Context for the callback.
RegHandle - Pointer to registration handle.
Remarks:
Should not be called if the provider is already registered (i.e. should not
be called if *RegHandle != 0). Repeatedly registering a provider is a bug
and may indicate a race condition. However, for compatibility with previous
behavior, this function will return SUCCESS in this case.
--*/
{
ULONG Error;
if (*RegHandle != 0)
{
Error = 0; // ERROR_SUCCESS
}
else
{
Error = MCGEN_EVENTREGISTER(ProviderId, EnableCallback, CallbackContext, RegHandle);
}
return Error;
}
#pragma warning(pop)
// This macro is for use by MC-generated code and should not be used directly.
#define McGenEventUnregister _mcgen_PASTE2(McGenEventUnregister_, MCGEN_EVENTUNREGISTER)
// This function is for use by MC-generated code and should not be used directly.
DECLSPEC_NOINLINE __inline
ULONG __stdcall
McGenEventUnregister(_Inout_ PREGHANDLE RegHandle)
/*++
Routine Description:
Unregister from ETW and set *RegHandle = 0.
Arguments:
RegHandle - the pointer to the provider registration handle
Remarks:
If provider has not been registered (i.e. if *RegHandle == 0),
return SUCCESS. It is safe to call McGenEventUnregister even if the
call to McGenEventRegister returned an error.
--*/
{
ULONG Error;
if(*RegHandle == 0)
{
Error = 0; // ERROR_SUCCESS
}
else
{
Error = MCGEN_EVENTUNREGISTER(*RegHandle);
*RegHandle = (REGHANDLE)0;
}
return Error;
}
#endif // McGenEventRegisterUnregister
#ifndef _mcgen_EVENT_BIT_SET
#if defined(_M_IX86) || defined(_M_X64)
// This macro is for use by MC-generated code and should not be used directly.
#define _mcgen_EVENT_BIT_SET(EnableBits, BitPosition) ((((const unsigned char*)EnableBits)[BitPosition >> 3] & (1u << (BitPosition & 7))) != 0)
#else // CPU type
// This macro is for use by MC-generated code and should not be used directly.
#define _mcgen_EVENT_BIT_SET(EnableBits, BitPosition) ((EnableBits[BitPosition >> 5] & (1u << (BitPosition & 31))) != 0)
#endif // CPU type
#endif // _mcgen_EVENT_BIT_SET
#endif // MCGEN_DISABLE_PROVIDER_CODE_GENERATION
//+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
// Provider "microsoft-windows-mimalloc" event count 2
//+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
// Provider GUID = 138f4dbb-ee04-4899-aa0a-572ad4475779
EXTERN_C __declspec(selectany) const GUID ETW_MI_Provider = {0x138f4dbb, 0xee04, 0x4899, {0xaa, 0x0a, 0x57, 0x2a, 0xd4, 0x47, 0x57, 0x79}};
#ifndef ETW_MI_Provider_Traits
#define ETW_MI_Provider_Traits NULL
#endif // ETW_MI_Provider_Traits
//
// Event Descriptors
//
EXTERN_C __declspec(selectany) const EVENT_DESCRIPTOR ETW_MI_ALLOC = {0x64, 0x1, 0x0, 0x4, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0};
#define ETW_MI_ALLOC_value 0x64
EXTERN_C __declspec(selectany) const EVENT_DESCRIPTOR ETW_MI_FREE = {0x65, 0x1, 0x0, 0x4, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0};
#define ETW_MI_FREE_value 0x65
//
// MCGEN_DISABLE_PROVIDER_CODE_GENERATION macro:
// Define this macro to have the compiler skip the generated functions in this
// header.
//
#ifndef MCGEN_DISABLE_PROVIDER_CODE_GENERATION
//
// Event Enablement Bits
// These variables are for use by MC-generated code and should not be used directly.
//
EXTERN_C __declspec(selectany) DECLSPEC_CACHEALIGN ULONG microsoft_windows_mimallocEnableBits[1];
EXTERN_C __declspec(selectany) const ULONGLONG microsoft_windows_mimallocKeywords[1] = {0x0};
EXTERN_C __declspec(selectany) const unsigned char microsoft_windows_mimallocLevels[1] = {4};
//
// Provider context
//
EXTERN_C __declspec(selectany) MCGEN_TRACE_CONTEXT ETW_MI_Provider_Context = {0, (ULONG_PTR)ETW_MI_Provider_Traits, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, microsoft_windows_mimallocEnableBits, microsoft_windows_mimallocKeywords, microsoft_windows_mimallocLevels};
//
// Provider REGHANDLE
//
#define microsoft_windows_mimallocHandle (ETW_MI_Provider_Context.RegistrationHandle)
//
// This macro is set to 0, indicating that the EventWrite[Name] macros do not
// have an Activity parameter. This is controlled by the -km and -um options.
//
#define ETW_MI_Provider_EventWriteActivity 0
//
// Register with ETW using the control GUID specified in the manifest.
// Invoke this macro during module initialization (i.e. program startup,
// DLL process attach, or driver load) to initialize the provider.
// Note that if this function returns an error, the error means that
// will not work, but no action needs to be taken -- even if EventRegister
// returns an error, it is generally safe to use EventWrite and
// EventUnregister macros (they will be no-ops if EventRegister failed).
//
#ifndef EventRegistermicrosoft_windows_mimalloc
#define EventRegistermicrosoft_windows_mimalloc() McGenEventRegister(&ETW_MI_Provider, McGenControlCallbackV2, &ETW_MI_Provider_Context, &microsoft_windows_mimallocHandle)
#endif
//
// Register with ETW using a specific control GUID (i.e. a GUID other than what
// is specified in the manifest). Advanced scenarios only.
//
#ifndef EventRegisterByGuidmicrosoft_windows_mimalloc
#define EventRegisterByGuidmicrosoft_windows_mimalloc(Guid) McGenEventRegister(&(Guid), McGenControlCallbackV2, &ETW_MI_Provider_Context, &microsoft_windows_mimallocHandle)
#endif
//
// Unregister with ETW and close the provider.
// Invoke this macro during module shutdown (i.e. program exit, DLL process
// detach, or driver unload) to unregister the provider.
// Note that you MUST call EventUnregister before DLL or driver unload
// (not optional): failure to unregister a provider before DLL or driver unload
// will result in crashes.
//
#ifndef EventUnregistermicrosoft_windows_mimalloc
#define EventUnregistermicrosoft_windows_mimalloc() McGenEventUnregister(&microsoft_windows_mimallocHandle)
#endif
//
// MCGEN_ENABLE_FORCONTEXT_CODE_GENERATION macro:
// Define this macro to enable support for caller-allocated provider context.
//
#ifdef MCGEN_ENABLE_FORCONTEXT_CODE_GENERATION
//
// Advanced scenarios: Caller-allocated provider context.
// Use when multiple differently-configured provider handles are needed,
// e.g. for container-aware drivers, one context per container.
//
// Usage:
//
// - Caller enables the feature before including this header, e.g.
// #define MCGEN_ENABLE_FORCONTEXT_CODE_GENERATION 1
// - Caller allocates memory, e.g. pContext = malloc(sizeof(McGenContext_microsoft_windows_mimalloc));
// - Caller registers the provider, e.g. EventRegistermicrosoft_windows_mimalloc_ForContext(pContext);
// - Caller writes events, e.g. EventWriteMyEvent_ForContext(pContext, ...);
// - Caller unregisters, e.g. EventUnregistermicrosoft_windows_mimalloc_ForContext(pContext);
// - Caller frees memory, e.g. free(pContext);
//
typedef struct tagMcGenContext_microsoft_windows_mimalloc {
// The fields of this structure are subject to change and should
// not be accessed directly. To access the provider's REGHANDLE,
// use microsoft_windows_mimallocHandle_ForContext(pContext).
MCGEN_TRACE_CONTEXT Context;
ULONG EnableBits[1];
} McGenContext_microsoft_windows_mimalloc;
#define EventRegistermicrosoft_windows_mimalloc_ForContext(pContext) _mcgen_PASTE2(_mcgen_RegisterForContext_microsoft_windows_mimalloc_, MCGEN_EVENTREGISTER)(&ETW_MI_Provider, pContext)
#define EventRegisterByGuidmicrosoft_windows_mimalloc_ForContext(Guid, pContext) _mcgen_PASTE2(_mcgen_RegisterForContext_microsoft_windows_mimalloc_, MCGEN_EVENTREGISTER)(&(Guid), pContext)
#define EventUnregistermicrosoft_windows_mimalloc_ForContext(pContext) McGenEventUnregister(&(pContext)->Context.RegistrationHandle)
//
// Provider REGHANDLE for caller-allocated context.
//
#define microsoft_windows_mimallocHandle_ForContext(pContext) ((pContext)->Context.RegistrationHandle)
// This function is for use by MC-generated code and should not be used directly.
// Initialize and register the caller-allocated context.
__inline
ULONG __stdcall
_mcgen_PASTE2(_mcgen_RegisterForContext_microsoft_windows_mimalloc_, MCGEN_EVENTREGISTER)(
_In_ LPCGUID pProviderId,
_Out_ McGenContext_microsoft_windows_mimalloc* pContext)
{
RtlZeroMemory(pContext, sizeof(*pContext));
pContext->Context.Logger = (ULONG_PTR)ETW_MI_Provider_Traits;
pContext->Context.EnableBitsCount = 1;
pContext->Context.EnableBitMask = pContext->EnableBits;
pContext->Context.EnableKeyWords = microsoft_windows_mimallocKeywords;
pContext->Context.EnableLevel = microsoft_windows_mimallocLevels;
return McGenEventRegister(
pProviderId,
McGenControlCallbackV2,
&pContext->Context,
&pContext->Context.RegistrationHandle);
}
// This function is for use by MC-generated code and should not be used directly.
// Trigger a compile error if called with the wrong parameter type.
FORCEINLINE
_Ret_ McGenContext_microsoft_windows_mimalloc*
_mcgen_CheckContextType_microsoft_windows_mimalloc(_In_ McGenContext_microsoft_windows_mimalloc* pContext)
{
return pContext;
}
#endif // MCGEN_ENABLE_FORCONTEXT_CODE_GENERATION
//
// Enablement check macro for event "ETW_MI_ALLOC"
//
#define EventEnabledETW_MI_ALLOC() _mcgen_EVENT_BIT_SET(microsoft_windows_mimallocEnableBits, 0)
#define EventEnabledETW_MI_ALLOC_ForContext(pContext) _mcgen_EVENT_BIT_SET(_mcgen_CheckContextType_microsoft_windows_mimalloc(pContext)->EnableBits, 0)
//
// Event write macros for event "ETW_MI_ALLOC"
//
#define EventWriteETW_MI_ALLOC(Address, Size) \
MCGEN_EVENT_ENABLED(ETW_MI_ALLOC) \
? _mcgen_TEMPLATE_FOR_ETW_MI_ALLOC(&ETW_MI_Provider_Context, &ETW_MI_ALLOC, Address, Size) : 0
#define EventWriteETW_MI_ALLOC_AssumeEnabled(Address, Size) \
_mcgen_TEMPLATE_FOR_ETW_MI_ALLOC(&ETW_MI_Provider_Context, &ETW_MI_ALLOC, Address, Size)
#define EventWriteETW_MI_ALLOC_ForContext(pContext, Address, Size) \
MCGEN_EVENT_ENABLED_FORCONTEXT(pContext, ETW_MI_ALLOC) \
? _mcgen_TEMPLATE_FOR_ETW_MI_ALLOC(&(pContext)->Context, &ETW_MI_ALLOC, Address, Size) : 0
#define EventWriteETW_MI_ALLOC_ForContextAssumeEnabled(pContext, Address, Size) \
_mcgen_TEMPLATE_FOR_ETW_MI_ALLOC(&_mcgen_CheckContextType_microsoft_windows_mimalloc(pContext)->Context, &ETW_MI_ALLOC, Address, Size)
// This macro is for use by MC-generated code and should not be used directly.
#define _mcgen_TEMPLATE_FOR_ETW_MI_ALLOC _mcgen_PASTE2(McTemplateU0xx_, MCGEN_EVENTWRITETRANSFER)
//
// Enablement check macro for event "ETW_MI_FREE"
//
#define EventEnabledETW_MI_FREE() _mcgen_EVENT_BIT_SET(microsoft_windows_mimallocEnableBits, 0)
#define EventEnabledETW_MI_FREE_ForContext(pContext) _mcgen_EVENT_BIT_SET(_mcgen_CheckContextType_microsoft_windows_mimalloc(pContext)->EnableBits, 0)
//
// Event write macros for event "ETW_MI_FREE"
//
#define EventWriteETW_MI_FREE(Address, Size) \
MCGEN_EVENT_ENABLED(ETW_MI_FREE) \
? _mcgen_TEMPLATE_FOR_ETW_MI_FREE(&ETW_MI_Provider_Context, &ETW_MI_FREE, Address, Size) : 0
#define EventWriteETW_MI_FREE_AssumeEnabled(Address, Size) \
_mcgen_TEMPLATE_FOR_ETW_MI_FREE(&ETW_MI_Provider_Context, &ETW_MI_FREE, Address, Size)
#define EventWriteETW_MI_FREE_ForContext(pContext, Address, Size) \
MCGEN_EVENT_ENABLED_FORCONTEXT(pContext, ETW_MI_FREE) \
? _mcgen_TEMPLATE_FOR_ETW_MI_FREE(&(pContext)->Context, &ETW_MI_FREE, Address, Size) : 0
#define EventWriteETW_MI_FREE_ForContextAssumeEnabled(pContext, Address, Size) \
_mcgen_TEMPLATE_FOR_ETW_MI_FREE(&_mcgen_CheckContextType_microsoft_windows_mimalloc(pContext)->Context, &ETW_MI_FREE, Address, Size)
// This macro is for use by MC-generated code and should not be used directly.
#define _mcgen_TEMPLATE_FOR_ETW_MI_FREE _mcgen_PASTE2(McTemplateU0xx_, MCGEN_EVENTWRITETRANSFER)
#endif // MCGEN_DISABLE_PROVIDER_CODE_GENERATION
//
// MCGEN_DISABLE_PROVIDER_CODE_GENERATION macro:
// Define this macro to have the compiler skip the generated functions in this
// header.
//
#ifndef MCGEN_DISABLE_PROVIDER_CODE_GENERATION
//
// Template Functions
//
//
// Function for template "ETW_CUSTOM_HEAP_ALLOC_DATA" (and possibly others).
// This function is for use by MC-generated code and should not be used directly.
//
#ifndef McTemplateU0xx_def
#define McTemplateU0xx_def
ETW_INLINE
ULONG
_mcgen_PASTE2(McTemplateU0xx_, MCGEN_EVENTWRITETRANSFER)(
_In_ PMCGEN_TRACE_CONTEXT Context,
_In_ PCEVENT_DESCRIPTOR Descriptor,
_In_ const unsigned __int64 _Arg0,
_In_ const unsigned __int64 _Arg1
)
{
#define McTemplateU0xx_ARGCOUNT 2
EVENT_DATA_DESCRIPTOR EventData[McTemplateU0xx_ARGCOUNT + 1];
EventDataDescCreate(&EventData[1],&_Arg0, sizeof(const unsigned __int64) );
EventDataDescCreate(&EventData[2],&_Arg1, sizeof(const unsigned __int64) );
return McGenEventWrite(Context, Descriptor, NULL, McTemplateU0xx_ARGCOUNT + 1, EventData);
}
#endif // McTemplateU0xx_def
#endif // MCGEN_DISABLE_PROVIDER_CODE_GENERATION
#if defined(__cplusplus)
}
#endif

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/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Copyright (c) 2018-2023, Microsoft Research, Daan Leijen
This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
terms of the MIT license. A copy of the license can be found in the file
"LICENSE" at the root of this distribution.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
// This file is included in `src/prim/prim.c`
#include "mimalloc.h"
#include "mimalloc/internal.h"
#include "mimalloc/prim.h"
#include <stdio.h> // fputs, stderr
//---------------------------------------------
// Dynamically bind Windows API points for portability
//---------------------------------------------
// We use VirtualAlloc2 for aligned allocation, but it is only supported on Windows 10 and Windows Server 2016.
// So, we need to look it up dynamically to run on older systems. (use __stdcall for 32-bit compatibility)
// NtAllocateVirtualAllocEx is used for huge OS page allocation (1GiB)
// We define a minimal MEM_EXTENDED_PARAMETER ourselves in order to be able to compile with older SDK's.
typedef enum MI_MEM_EXTENDED_PARAMETER_TYPE_E {
MiMemExtendedParameterInvalidType = 0,
MiMemExtendedParameterAddressRequirements,
MiMemExtendedParameterNumaNode,
MiMemExtendedParameterPartitionHandle,
MiMemExtendedParameterUserPhysicalHandle,
MiMemExtendedParameterAttributeFlags,
MiMemExtendedParameterMax
} MI_MEM_EXTENDED_PARAMETER_TYPE;
typedef struct DECLSPEC_ALIGN(8) MI_MEM_EXTENDED_PARAMETER_S {
struct { DWORD64 Type : 8; DWORD64 Reserved : 56; } Type;
union { DWORD64 ULong64; PVOID Pointer; SIZE_T Size; HANDLE Handle; DWORD ULong; } Arg;
} MI_MEM_EXTENDED_PARAMETER;
typedef struct MI_MEM_ADDRESS_REQUIREMENTS_S {
PVOID LowestStartingAddress;
PVOID HighestEndingAddress;
SIZE_T Alignment;
} MI_MEM_ADDRESS_REQUIREMENTS;
#define MI_MEM_EXTENDED_PARAMETER_NONPAGED_HUGE 0x00000010
#include <winternl.h>
typedef PVOID (__stdcall *PVirtualAlloc2)(HANDLE, PVOID, SIZE_T, ULONG, ULONG, MI_MEM_EXTENDED_PARAMETER*, ULONG);
typedef NTSTATUS (__stdcall *PNtAllocateVirtualMemoryEx)(HANDLE, PVOID*, SIZE_T*, ULONG, ULONG, MI_MEM_EXTENDED_PARAMETER*, ULONG);
static PVirtualAlloc2 pVirtualAlloc2 = NULL;
static PNtAllocateVirtualMemoryEx pNtAllocateVirtualMemoryEx = NULL;
// Similarly, GetNumaProcesorNodeEx is only supported since Windows 7
typedef struct MI_PROCESSOR_NUMBER_S { WORD Group; BYTE Number; BYTE Reserved; } MI_PROCESSOR_NUMBER;
typedef VOID (__stdcall *PGetCurrentProcessorNumberEx)(MI_PROCESSOR_NUMBER* ProcNumber);
typedef BOOL (__stdcall *PGetNumaProcessorNodeEx)(MI_PROCESSOR_NUMBER* Processor, PUSHORT NodeNumber);
typedef BOOL (__stdcall* PGetNumaNodeProcessorMaskEx)(USHORT Node, PGROUP_AFFINITY ProcessorMask);
typedef BOOL (__stdcall *PGetNumaProcessorNode)(UCHAR Processor, PUCHAR NodeNumber);
static PGetCurrentProcessorNumberEx pGetCurrentProcessorNumberEx = NULL;
static PGetNumaProcessorNodeEx pGetNumaProcessorNodeEx = NULL;
static PGetNumaNodeProcessorMaskEx pGetNumaNodeProcessorMaskEx = NULL;
static PGetNumaProcessorNode pGetNumaProcessorNode = NULL;
//---------------------------------------------
// Enable large page support dynamically (if possible)
//---------------------------------------------
static bool win_enable_large_os_pages(size_t* large_page_size)
{
static bool large_initialized = false;
if (large_initialized) return (_mi_os_large_page_size() > 0);
large_initialized = true;
// Try to see if large OS pages are supported
// To use large pages on Windows, we first need access permission
// Set "Lock pages in memory" permission in the group policy editor
// <https://devblogs.microsoft.com/oldnewthing/20110128-00/?p=11643>
unsigned long err = 0;
HANDLE token = NULL;
BOOL ok = OpenProcessToken(GetCurrentProcess(), TOKEN_ADJUST_PRIVILEGES | TOKEN_QUERY, &token);
if (ok) {
TOKEN_PRIVILEGES tp;
ok = LookupPrivilegeValue(NULL, TEXT("SeLockMemoryPrivilege"), &tp.Privileges[0].Luid);
if (ok) {
tp.PrivilegeCount = 1;
tp.Privileges[0].Attributes = SE_PRIVILEGE_ENABLED;
ok = AdjustTokenPrivileges(token, FALSE, &tp, 0, (PTOKEN_PRIVILEGES)NULL, 0);
if (ok) {
err = GetLastError();
ok = (err == ERROR_SUCCESS);
if (ok && large_page_size != NULL) {
*large_page_size = GetLargePageMinimum();
}
}
}
CloseHandle(token);
}
if (!ok) {
if (err == 0) err = GetLastError();
_mi_warning_message("cannot enable large OS page support, error %lu\n", err);
}
return (ok!=0);
}
//---------------------------------------------
// Initialize
//---------------------------------------------
void _mi_prim_mem_init( mi_os_mem_config_t* config )
{
config->has_overcommit = false;
config->has_partial_free = false;
config->has_virtual_reserve = true;
// get the page size
SYSTEM_INFO si;
GetSystemInfo(&si);
if (si.dwPageSize > 0) { config->page_size = si.dwPageSize; }
if (si.dwAllocationGranularity > 0) { config->alloc_granularity = si.dwAllocationGranularity; }
// get virtual address bits
if ((uintptr_t)si.lpMaximumApplicationAddress > 0) {
const size_t vbits = MI_INTPTR_BITS - mi_clz((uintptr_t)si.lpMaximumApplicationAddress);
config->virtual_address_bits = vbits;
}
// get physical memory
ULONGLONG memInKiB = 0;
if (GetPhysicallyInstalledSystemMemory(&memInKiB)) {
if (memInKiB > 0 && memInKiB < (SIZE_MAX / MI_KiB)) {
config->physical_memory = memInKiB * MI_KiB;
}
}
// get the VirtualAlloc2 function
HINSTANCE hDll;
hDll = LoadLibrary(TEXT("kernelbase.dll"));
if (hDll != NULL) {
// use VirtualAlloc2FromApp if possible as it is available to Windows store apps
pVirtualAlloc2 = (PVirtualAlloc2)(void (*)(void))GetProcAddress(hDll, "VirtualAlloc2FromApp");
if (pVirtualAlloc2==NULL) pVirtualAlloc2 = (PVirtualAlloc2)(void (*)(void))GetProcAddress(hDll, "VirtualAlloc2");
FreeLibrary(hDll);
}
// NtAllocateVirtualMemoryEx is used for huge page allocation
hDll = LoadLibrary(TEXT("ntdll.dll"));
if (hDll != NULL) {
pNtAllocateVirtualMemoryEx = (PNtAllocateVirtualMemoryEx)(void (*)(void))GetProcAddress(hDll, "NtAllocateVirtualMemoryEx");
FreeLibrary(hDll);
}
// Try to use Win7+ numa API
hDll = LoadLibrary(TEXT("kernel32.dll"));
if (hDll != NULL) {
pGetCurrentProcessorNumberEx = (PGetCurrentProcessorNumberEx)(void (*)(void))GetProcAddress(hDll, "GetCurrentProcessorNumberEx");
pGetNumaProcessorNodeEx = (PGetNumaProcessorNodeEx)(void (*)(void))GetProcAddress(hDll, "GetNumaProcessorNodeEx");
pGetNumaNodeProcessorMaskEx = (PGetNumaNodeProcessorMaskEx)(void (*)(void))GetProcAddress(hDll, "GetNumaNodeProcessorMaskEx");
pGetNumaProcessorNode = (PGetNumaProcessorNode)(void (*)(void))GetProcAddress(hDll, "GetNumaProcessorNode");
FreeLibrary(hDll);
}
if (mi_option_is_enabled(mi_option_allow_large_os_pages) || mi_option_is_enabled(mi_option_reserve_huge_os_pages)) {
win_enable_large_os_pages(&config->large_page_size);
}
}
//---------------------------------------------
// Free
//---------------------------------------------
int _mi_prim_free(void* addr, size_t size ) {
MI_UNUSED(size);
DWORD errcode = 0;
bool err = (VirtualFree(addr, 0, MEM_RELEASE) == 0);
if (err) { errcode = GetLastError(); }
if (errcode == ERROR_INVALID_ADDRESS) {
// In mi_os_mem_alloc_aligned the fallback path may have returned a pointer inside
// the memory region returned by VirtualAlloc; in that case we need to free using
// the start of the region.
MEMORY_BASIC_INFORMATION info = { 0 };
VirtualQuery(addr, &info, sizeof(info));
if (info.AllocationBase < addr && ((uint8_t*)addr - (uint8_t*)info.AllocationBase) < (ptrdiff_t)MI_SEGMENT_SIZE) {
errcode = 0;
err = (VirtualFree(info.AllocationBase, 0, MEM_RELEASE) == 0);
if (err) { errcode = GetLastError(); }
}
}
return (int)errcode;
}
//---------------------------------------------
// VirtualAlloc
//---------------------------------------------
static void* win_virtual_alloc_prim_once(void* addr, size_t size, size_t try_alignment, DWORD flags) {
#if (MI_INTPTR_SIZE >= 8)
// on 64-bit systems, try to use the virtual address area after 2TiB for 4MiB aligned allocations
if (addr == NULL) {
void* hint = _mi_os_get_aligned_hint(try_alignment,size);
if (hint != NULL) {
void* p = VirtualAlloc(hint, size, flags, PAGE_READWRITE);
if (p != NULL) return p;
_mi_verbose_message("warning: unable to allocate hinted aligned OS memory (%zu bytes, error code: 0x%x, address: %p, alignment: %zu, flags: 0x%x)\n", size, GetLastError(), hint, try_alignment, flags);
// fall through on error
}
}
#endif
// on modern Windows try use VirtualAlloc2 for aligned allocation
if (addr == NULL && try_alignment > 1 && (try_alignment % _mi_os_page_size()) == 0 && pVirtualAlloc2 != NULL) {
MI_MEM_ADDRESS_REQUIREMENTS reqs = { 0, 0, 0 };
reqs.Alignment = try_alignment;
MI_MEM_EXTENDED_PARAMETER param = { {0, 0}, {0} };
param.Type.Type = MiMemExtendedParameterAddressRequirements;
param.Arg.Pointer = &reqs;
void* p = (*pVirtualAlloc2)(GetCurrentProcess(), addr, size, flags, PAGE_READWRITE, &param, 1);
if (p != NULL) return p;
_mi_warning_message("unable to allocate aligned OS memory (0x%zx bytes, error code: 0x%x, address: %p, alignment: 0x%zx, flags: 0x%x)\n", size, GetLastError(), addr, try_alignment, flags);
// fall through on error
}
// last resort
return VirtualAlloc(addr, size, flags, PAGE_READWRITE);
}
static bool win_is_out_of_memory_error(DWORD err) {
switch (err) {
case ERROR_COMMITMENT_MINIMUM:
case ERROR_COMMITMENT_LIMIT:
case ERROR_PAGEFILE_QUOTA:
case ERROR_NOT_ENOUGH_MEMORY:
return true;
default:
return false;
}
}
static void* win_virtual_alloc_prim(void* addr, size_t size, size_t try_alignment, DWORD flags) {
long max_retry_msecs = mi_option_get_clamp(mi_option_retry_on_oom, 0, 2000); // at most 2 seconds
if (max_retry_msecs == 1) { max_retry_msecs = 100; } // if one sets the option to "true"
for (long tries = 1; tries <= 10; tries++) { // try at most 10 times (=2200ms)
void* p = win_virtual_alloc_prim_once(addr, size, try_alignment, flags);
if (p != NULL) {
// success, return the address
return p;
}
else if (max_retry_msecs > 0 && (try_alignment <= 2*MI_SEGMENT_ALIGN) &&
(flags&MEM_COMMIT) != 0 && (flags&MEM_LARGE_PAGES) == 0 &&
win_is_out_of_memory_error(GetLastError())) {
// if committing regular memory and being out-of-memory,
// keep trying for a bit in case memory frees up after all. See issue #894
_mi_warning_message("out-of-memory on OS allocation, try again... (attempt %lu, 0x%zx bytes, error code: 0x%x, address: %p, alignment: 0x%zx, flags: 0x%x)\n", tries, size, GetLastError(), addr, try_alignment, flags);
long sleep_msecs = tries*40; // increasing waits
if (sleep_msecs > max_retry_msecs) { sleep_msecs = max_retry_msecs; }
max_retry_msecs -= sleep_msecs;
Sleep(sleep_msecs);
}
else {
// otherwise return with an error
break;
}
}
return NULL;
}
static void* win_virtual_alloc(void* addr, size_t size, size_t try_alignment, DWORD flags, bool large_only, bool allow_large, bool* is_large) {
mi_assert_internal(!(large_only && !allow_large));
static _Atomic(size_t) large_page_try_ok; // = 0;
void* p = NULL;
// Try to allocate large OS pages (2MiB) if allowed or required.
if ((large_only || _mi_os_use_large_page(size, try_alignment))
&& allow_large && (flags&MEM_COMMIT)!=0 && (flags&MEM_RESERVE)!=0) {
size_t try_ok = mi_atomic_load_acquire(&large_page_try_ok);
if (!large_only && try_ok > 0) {
// if a large page allocation fails, it seems the calls to VirtualAlloc get very expensive.
// therefore, once a large page allocation failed, we don't try again for `large_page_try_ok` times.
mi_atomic_cas_strong_acq_rel(&large_page_try_ok, &try_ok, try_ok - 1);
}
else {
// large OS pages must always reserve and commit.
*is_large = true;
p = win_virtual_alloc_prim(addr, size, try_alignment, flags | MEM_LARGE_PAGES);
if (large_only) return p;
// fall back to non-large page allocation on error (`p == NULL`).
if (p == NULL) {
mi_atomic_store_release(&large_page_try_ok,10UL); // on error, don't try again for the next N allocations
}
}
}
// Fall back to regular page allocation
if (p == NULL) {
*is_large = ((flags&MEM_LARGE_PAGES) != 0);
p = win_virtual_alloc_prim(addr, size, try_alignment, flags);
}
//if (p == NULL) { _mi_warning_message("unable to allocate OS memory (%zu bytes, error code: 0x%x, address: %p, alignment: %zu, flags: 0x%x, large only: %d, allow large: %d)\n", size, GetLastError(), addr, try_alignment, flags, large_only, allow_large); }
return p;
}
int _mi_prim_alloc(void* hint_addr, size_t size, size_t try_alignment, bool commit, bool allow_large, bool* is_large, bool* is_zero, void** addr) {
mi_assert_internal(size > 0 && (size % _mi_os_page_size()) == 0);
mi_assert_internal(commit || !allow_large);
mi_assert_internal(try_alignment > 0);
*is_zero = true;
int flags = MEM_RESERVE;
if (commit) { flags |= MEM_COMMIT; }
*addr = win_virtual_alloc(hint_addr, size, try_alignment, flags, false, allow_large, is_large);
return (*addr != NULL ? 0 : (int)GetLastError());
}
//---------------------------------------------
// Commit/Reset/Protect
//---------------------------------------------
#ifdef _MSC_VER
#pragma warning(disable:6250) // suppress warning calling VirtualFree without MEM_RELEASE (for decommit)
#endif
int _mi_prim_commit(void* addr, size_t size, bool* is_zero) {
*is_zero = false;
/*
// zero'ing only happens on an initial commit... but checking upfront seems expensive..
_MEMORY_BASIC_INFORMATION meminfo; _mi_memzero_var(meminfo);
if (VirtualQuery(addr, &meminfo, size) > 0) {
if ((meminfo.State & MEM_COMMIT) == 0) {
*is_zero = true;
}
}
*/
// commit
void* p = VirtualAlloc(addr, size, MEM_COMMIT, PAGE_READWRITE);
if (p == NULL) return (int)GetLastError();
return 0;
}
int _mi_prim_decommit(void* addr, size_t size, bool* needs_recommit) {
BOOL ok = VirtualFree(addr, size, MEM_DECOMMIT);
*needs_recommit = true; // for safety, assume always decommitted even in the case of an error.
return (ok ? 0 : (int)GetLastError());
}
int _mi_prim_reset(void* addr, size_t size) {
void* p = VirtualAlloc(addr, size, MEM_RESET, PAGE_READWRITE);
mi_assert_internal(p == addr);
#if 0
if (p != NULL) {
VirtualUnlock(addr,size); // VirtualUnlock after MEM_RESET removes the memory directly from the working set
}
#endif
return (p != NULL ? 0 : (int)GetLastError());
}
int _mi_prim_protect(void* addr, size_t size, bool protect) {
DWORD oldprotect = 0;
BOOL ok = VirtualProtect(addr, size, protect ? PAGE_NOACCESS : PAGE_READWRITE, &oldprotect);
return (ok ? 0 : (int)GetLastError());
}
//---------------------------------------------
// Huge page allocation
//---------------------------------------------
static void* _mi_prim_alloc_huge_os_pagesx(void* hint_addr, size_t size, int numa_node)
{
const DWORD flags = MEM_LARGE_PAGES | MEM_COMMIT | MEM_RESERVE;
win_enable_large_os_pages(NULL);
MI_MEM_EXTENDED_PARAMETER params[3] = { {{0,0},{0}},{{0,0},{0}},{{0,0},{0}} };
// on modern Windows try use NtAllocateVirtualMemoryEx for 1GiB huge pages
static bool mi_huge_pages_available = true;
if (pNtAllocateVirtualMemoryEx != NULL && mi_huge_pages_available) {
params[0].Type.Type = MiMemExtendedParameterAttributeFlags;
params[0].Arg.ULong64 = MI_MEM_EXTENDED_PARAMETER_NONPAGED_HUGE;
ULONG param_count = 1;
if (numa_node >= 0) {
param_count++;
params[1].Type.Type = MiMemExtendedParameterNumaNode;
params[1].Arg.ULong = (unsigned)numa_node;
}
SIZE_T psize = size;
void* base = hint_addr;
NTSTATUS err = (*pNtAllocateVirtualMemoryEx)(GetCurrentProcess(), &base, &psize, flags, PAGE_READWRITE, params, param_count);
if (err == 0 && base != NULL) {
return base;
}
else {
// fall back to regular large pages
mi_huge_pages_available = false; // don't try further huge pages
_mi_warning_message("unable to allocate using huge (1GiB) pages, trying large (2MiB) pages instead (status 0x%lx)\n", err);
}
}
// on modern Windows try use VirtualAlloc2 for numa aware large OS page allocation
if (pVirtualAlloc2 != NULL && numa_node >= 0) {
params[0].Type.Type = MiMemExtendedParameterNumaNode;
params[0].Arg.ULong = (unsigned)numa_node;
return (*pVirtualAlloc2)(GetCurrentProcess(), hint_addr, size, flags, PAGE_READWRITE, params, 1);
}
// otherwise use regular virtual alloc on older windows
return VirtualAlloc(hint_addr, size, flags, PAGE_READWRITE);
}
int _mi_prim_alloc_huge_os_pages(void* hint_addr, size_t size, int numa_node, bool* is_zero, void** addr) {
*is_zero = true;
*addr = _mi_prim_alloc_huge_os_pagesx(hint_addr,size,numa_node);
return (*addr != NULL ? 0 : (int)GetLastError());
}
//---------------------------------------------
// Numa nodes
//---------------------------------------------
size_t _mi_prim_numa_node(void) {
USHORT numa_node = 0;
if (pGetCurrentProcessorNumberEx != NULL && pGetNumaProcessorNodeEx != NULL) {
// Extended API is supported
MI_PROCESSOR_NUMBER pnum;
(*pGetCurrentProcessorNumberEx)(&pnum);
USHORT nnode = 0;
BOOL ok = (*pGetNumaProcessorNodeEx)(&pnum, &nnode);
if (ok) { numa_node = nnode; }
}
else if (pGetNumaProcessorNode != NULL) {
// Vista or earlier, use older API that is limited to 64 processors. Issue #277
DWORD pnum = GetCurrentProcessorNumber();
UCHAR nnode = 0;
BOOL ok = pGetNumaProcessorNode((UCHAR)pnum, &nnode);
if (ok) { numa_node = nnode; }
}
return numa_node;
}
size_t _mi_prim_numa_node_count(void) {
ULONG numa_max = 0;
GetNumaHighestNodeNumber(&numa_max);
// find the highest node number that has actual processors assigned to it. Issue #282
while(numa_max > 0) {
if (pGetNumaNodeProcessorMaskEx != NULL) {
// Extended API is supported
GROUP_AFFINITY affinity;
if ((*pGetNumaNodeProcessorMaskEx)((USHORT)numa_max, &affinity)) {
if (affinity.Mask != 0) break; // found the maximum non-empty node
}
}
else {
// Vista or earlier, use older API that is limited to 64 processors.
ULONGLONG mask;
if (GetNumaNodeProcessorMask((UCHAR)numa_max, &mask)) {
if (mask != 0) break; // found the maximum non-empty node
};
}
// max node was invalid or had no processor assigned, try again
numa_max--;
}
return ((size_t)numa_max + 1);
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------
// Clock
//----------------------------------------------------------------
static mi_msecs_t mi_to_msecs(LARGE_INTEGER t) {
static LARGE_INTEGER mfreq; // = 0
if (mfreq.QuadPart == 0LL) {
LARGE_INTEGER f;
QueryPerformanceFrequency(&f);
mfreq.QuadPart = f.QuadPart/1000LL;
if (mfreq.QuadPart == 0) mfreq.QuadPart = 1;
}
return (mi_msecs_t)(t.QuadPart / mfreq.QuadPart);
}
mi_msecs_t _mi_prim_clock_now(void) {
LARGE_INTEGER t;
QueryPerformanceCounter(&t);
return mi_to_msecs(t);
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------
// Process Info
//----------------------------------------------------------------
#include <psapi.h>
static mi_msecs_t filetime_msecs(const FILETIME* ftime) {
ULARGE_INTEGER i;
i.LowPart = ftime->dwLowDateTime;
i.HighPart = ftime->dwHighDateTime;
mi_msecs_t msecs = (i.QuadPart / 10000); // FILETIME is in 100 nano seconds
return msecs;
}
typedef BOOL (WINAPI *PGetProcessMemoryInfo)(HANDLE, PPROCESS_MEMORY_COUNTERS, DWORD);
static PGetProcessMemoryInfo pGetProcessMemoryInfo = NULL;
void _mi_prim_process_info(mi_process_info_t* pinfo)
{
FILETIME ct;
FILETIME ut;
FILETIME st;
FILETIME et;
GetProcessTimes(GetCurrentProcess(), &ct, &et, &st, &ut);
pinfo->utime = filetime_msecs(&ut);
pinfo->stime = filetime_msecs(&st);
// load psapi on demand
if (pGetProcessMemoryInfo == NULL) {
HINSTANCE hDll = LoadLibrary(TEXT("psapi.dll"));
if (hDll != NULL) {
pGetProcessMemoryInfo = (PGetProcessMemoryInfo)(void (*)(void))GetProcAddress(hDll, "GetProcessMemoryInfo");
}
}
// get process info
PROCESS_MEMORY_COUNTERS info; _mi_memzero_var(info);
if (pGetProcessMemoryInfo != NULL) {
pGetProcessMemoryInfo(GetCurrentProcess(), &info, sizeof(info));
}
pinfo->current_rss = (size_t)info.WorkingSetSize;
pinfo->peak_rss = (size_t)info.PeakWorkingSetSize;
pinfo->current_commit = (size_t)info.PagefileUsage;
pinfo->peak_commit = (size_t)info.PeakPagefileUsage;
pinfo->page_faults = (size_t)info.PageFaultCount;
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------
// Output
//----------------------------------------------------------------
void _mi_prim_out_stderr( const char* msg )
{
// on windows with redirection, the C runtime cannot handle locale dependent output
// after the main thread closes so we use direct console output.
if (!_mi_preloading()) {
// _cputs(msg); // _cputs cannot be used as it aborts when failing to lock the console
static HANDLE hcon = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
static bool hconIsConsole;
if (hcon == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO sbi;
hcon = GetStdHandle(STD_ERROR_HANDLE);
hconIsConsole = ((hcon != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) && GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(hcon, &sbi));
}
const size_t len = _mi_strlen(msg);
if (len > 0 && len < UINT32_MAX) {
DWORD written = 0;
if (hconIsConsole) {
WriteConsoleA(hcon, msg, (DWORD)len, &written, NULL);
}
else if (hcon != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
// use direct write if stderr was redirected
WriteFile(hcon, msg, (DWORD)len, &written, NULL);
}
else {
// finally fall back to fputs after all
fputs(msg, stderr);
}
}
}
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------
// Environment
//----------------------------------------------------------------
// On Windows use GetEnvironmentVariable instead of getenv to work
// reliably even when this is invoked before the C runtime is initialized.
// i.e. when `_mi_preloading() == true`.
// Note: on windows, environment names are not case sensitive.
bool _mi_prim_getenv(const char* name, char* result, size_t result_size) {
result[0] = 0;
size_t len = GetEnvironmentVariableA(name, result, (DWORD)result_size);
return (len > 0 && len < result_size);
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------
// Random
//----------------------------------------------------------------
#if defined(MI_USE_RTLGENRANDOM) // || defined(__cplusplus)
// We prefer to use BCryptGenRandom instead of (the unofficial) RtlGenRandom but when using
// dynamic overriding, we observed it can raise an exception when compiled with C++, and
// sometimes deadlocks when also running under the VS debugger.
// In contrast, issue #623 implies that on Windows Server 2019 we need to use BCryptGenRandom.
// To be continued..
#pragma comment (lib,"advapi32.lib")
#define RtlGenRandom SystemFunction036
mi_decl_externc BOOLEAN NTAPI RtlGenRandom(PVOID RandomBuffer, ULONG RandomBufferLength);
bool _mi_prim_random_buf(void* buf, size_t buf_len) {
return (RtlGenRandom(buf, (ULONG)buf_len) != 0);
}
#else
#ifndef BCRYPT_USE_SYSTEM_PREFERRED_RNG
#define BCRYPT_USE_SYSTEM_PREFERRED_RNG 0x00000002
#endif
typedef LONG (NTAPI *PBCryptGenRandom)(HANDLE, PUCHAR, ULONG, ULONG);
static PBCryptGenRandom pBCryptGenRandom = NULL;
bool _mi_prim_random_buf(void* buf, size_t buf_len) {
if (pBCryptGenRandom == NULL) {
HINSTANCE hDll = LoadLibrary(TEXT("bcrypt.dll"));
if (hDll != NULL) {
pBCryptGenRandom = (PBCryptGenRandom)(void (*)(void))GetProcAddress(hDll, "BCryptGenRandom");
}
if (pBCryptGenRandom == NULL) return false;
}
return (pBCryptGenRandom(NULL, (PUCHAR)buf, (ULONG)buf_len, BCRYPT_USE_SYSTEM_PREFERRED_RNG) >= 0);
}
#endif // MI_USE_RTLGENRANDOM
//----------------------------------------------------------------
// Process & Thread Init/Done
//----------------------------------------------------------------
static void NTAPI mi_win_main(PVOID module, DWORD reason, LPVOID reserved) {
MI_UNUSED(reserved);
MI_UNUSED(module);
if (reason==DLL_PROCESS_ATTACH) {
_mi_process_load();
}
else if (reason==DLL_PROCESS_DETACH) {
_mi_process_done();
}
else if (reason==DLL_THREAD_DETACH && !_mi_is_redirected()) {
_mi_thread_done(NULL);
}
}
#if defined(MI_SHARED_LIB)
#define MI_PRIM_HAS_PROCESS_ATTACH 1
// Windows DLL: easy to hook into process_init and thread_done
__declspec(dllexport) BOOL WINAPI DllMain(HINSTANCE inst, DWORD reason, LPVOID reserved) {
mi_win_main((PVOID)inst,reason,reserved);
return TRUE;
}
// nothing to do since `_mi_thread_done` is handled through the DLL_THREAD_DETACH event.
void _mi_prim_thread_init_auto_done(void) { }
void _mi_prim_thread_done_auto_done(void) { }
void _mi_prim_thread_associate_default_heap(mi_heap_t* heap) {
MI_UNUSED(heap);
}
#elif !defined(MI_WIN_USE_FLS)
#define MI_PRIM_HAS_PROCESS_ATTACH 1
static void NTAPI mi_win_main_attach(PVOID module, DWORD reason, LPVOID reserved) {
if (reason == DLL_PROCESS_ATTACH || reason == DLL_THREAD_ATTACH) {
mi_win_main(module, reason, reserved);
}
}
static void NTAPI mi_win_main_detach(PVOID module, DWORD reason, LPVOID reserved) {
if (reason == DLL_PROCESS_DETACH || reason == DLL_THREAD_DETACH) {
mi_win_main(module, reason, reserved);
}
}
// Set up TLS callbacks in a statically linked library by using special data sections.
// See <https://stackoverflow.com/questions/14538159/tls-callback-in-windows>
// We use 2 entries to ensure we call attach events before constructors
// are called, and detach events after destructors are called.
#if defined(__cplusplus)
extern "C" {
#endif
#if defined(_WIN64)
#pragma comment(linker, "/INCLUDE:_tls_used")
#pragma comment(linker, "/INCLUDE:_mi_tls_callback_pre")
#pragma comment(linker, "/INCLUDE:_mi_tls_callback_post")
#pragma const_seg(".CRT$XLB")
extern const PIMAGE_TLS_CALLBACK _mi_tls_callback_pre[];
const PIMAGE_TLS_CALLBACK _mi_tls_callback_pre[] = { &mi_win_main_attach };
#pragma const_seg()
#pragma const_seg(".CRT$XLY")
extern const PIMAGE_TLS_CALLBACK _mi_tls_callback_post[];
const PIMAGE_TLS_CALLBACK _mi_tls_callback_post[] = { &mi_win_main_detach };
#pragma const_seg()
#else
#pragma comment(linker, "/INCLUDE:__tls_used")
#pragma comment(linker, "/INCLUDE:__mi_tls_callback_pre")
#pragma comment(linker, "/INCLUDE:__mi_tls_callback_post")
#pragma data_seg(".CRT$XLB")
PIMAGE_TLS_CALLBACK _mi_tls_callback_pre[] = { &mi_win_main_attach };
#pragma data_seg()
#pragma data_seg(".CRT$XLY")
PIMAGE_TLS_CALLBACK _mi_tls_callback_post[] = { &mi_win_main_detach };
#pragma data_seg()
#endif
#if defined(__cplusplus)
}
#endif
// nothing to do since `_mi_thread_done` is handled through the DLL_THREAD_DETACH event.
void _mi_prim_thread_init_auto_done(void) { }
void _mi_prim_thread_done_auto_done(void) { }
void _mi_prim_thread_associate_default_heap(mi_heap_t* heap) {
MI_UNUSED(heap);
}
#else // deprecated: statically linked, use fiber api
#if defined(_MSC_VER) // on clang/gcc use the constructor attribute (in `src/prim/prim.c`)
// MSVC: use data section magic for static libraries
// See <https://www.codeguru.com/cpp/misc/misc/applicationcontrol/article.php/c6945/Running-Code-Before-and-After-Main.htm>
#define MI_PRIM_HAS_PROCESS_ATTACH 1
static int mi_process_attach(void) {
mi_win_main(NULL,DLL_PROCESS_ATTACH,NULL);
atexit(&_mi_process_done);
return 0;
}
typedef int(*mi_crt_callback_t)(void);
#if defined(_WIN64)
#pragma comment(linker, "/INCLUDE:_mi_tls_callback")
#pragma section(".CRT$XIU", long, read)
#else
#pragma comment(linker, "/INCLUDE:__mi_tls_callback")
#endif
#pragma data_seg(".CRT$XIU")
mi_decl_externc mi_crt_callback_t _mi_tls_callback[] = { &mi_process_attach };
#pragma data_seg()
#endif
// use the fiber api for calling `_mi_thread_done`.
#include <fibersapi.h>
#if (_WIN32_WINNT < 0x600) // before Windows Vista
WINBASEAPI DWORD WINAPI FlsAlloc( _In_opt_ PFLS_CALLBACK_FUNCTION lpCallback );
WINBASEAPI PVOID WINAPI FlsGetValue( _In_ DWORD dwFlsIndex );
WINBASEAPI BOOL WINAPI FlsSetValue( _In_ DWORD dwFlsIndex, _In_opt_ PVOID lpFlsData );
WINBASEAPI BOOL WINAPI FlsFree(_In_ DWORD dwFlsIndex);
#endif
static DWORD mi_fls_key = (DWORD)(-1);
static void NTAPI mi_fls_done(PVOID value) {
mi_heap_t* heap = (mi_heap_t*)value;
if (heap != NULL) {
_mi_thread_done(heap);
FlsSetValue(mi_fls_key, NULL); // prevent recursion as _mi_thread_done may set it back to the main heap, issue #672
}
}
void _mi_prim_thread_init_auto_done(void) {
mi_fls_key = FlsAlloc(&mi_fls_done);
}
void _mi_prim_thread_done_auto_done(void) {
// call thread-done on all threads (except the main thread) to prevent
// dangling callback pointer if statically linked with a DLL; Issue #208
FlsFree(mi_fls_key);
}
void _mi_prim_thread_associate_default_heap(mi_heap_t* heap) {
mi_assert_internal(mi_fls_key != (DWORD)(-1));
FlsSetValue(mi_fls_key, heap);
}
#endif
// ----------------------------------------------------
// Communicate with the redirection module on Windows
// ----------------------------------------------------
#if defined(MI_SHARED_LIB) && !defined(MI_WIN_NOREDIRECT)
#define MI_PRIM_HAS_ALLOCATOR_INIT 1
static bool mi_redirected = false; // true if malloc redirects to mi_malloc
bool _mi_is_redirected(void) {
return mi_redirected;
}
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif
mi_decl_export void _mi_redirect_entry(DWORD reason) {
// called on redirection; careful as this may be called before DllMain
if (reason == DLL_PROCESS_ATTACH) {
mi_redirected = true;
}
else if (reason == DLL_PROCESS_DETACH) {
mi_redirected = false;
}
else if (reason == DLL_THREAD_DETACH) {
_mi_thread_done(NULL);
}
}
__declspec(dllimport) bool mi_cdecl mi_allocator_init(const char** message);
__declspec(dllimport) void mi_cdecl mi_allocator_done(void);
#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif
bool _mi_allocator_init(const char** message) {
return mi_allocator_init(message);
}
void _mi_allocator_done(void) {
mi_allocator_done();
}
#endif

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## Primitives:
- `prim.c` contains Windows primitives for OS allocation.
## Event Tracing for Windows (ETW)
- `etw.h` is generated from `etw.man` which contains the manifest for mimalloc events.
(100 is an allocation, 101 is for a free)
- `etw-mimalloc.wprp` is a profile for the Windows Performance Recorder (WPR).
In an admin prompt, you can use:
```
> wpr -start src\prim\windows\etw-mimalloc.wprp -filemode
> <my mimalloc program>
> wpr -stop test.etl
```
and then open `test.etl` in the Windows Performance Analyzer (WPA).

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/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Copyright (c) 2019-2021, Microsoft Research, Daan Leijen
This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
terms of the MIT license. A copy of the license can be found in the file
"LICENSE" at the root of this distribution.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "mimalloc.h"
#include "mimalloc/internal.h"
#include "mimalloc/prim.h" // _mi_prim_random_buf
#include <string.h> // memset
/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
We use our own PRNG to keep predictable performance of random number generation
and to avoid implementations that use a lock. We only use the OS provided
random source to initialize the initial seeds. Since we do not need ultimate
performance but we do rely on the security (for secret cookies in secure mode)
we use a cryptographically secure generator (chacha20).
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#define MI_CHACHA_ROUNDS (20) // perhaps use 12 for better performance?
/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Chacha20 implementation as the original algorithm with a 64-bit nonce
and counter: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salsa20
The input matrix has sixteen 32-bit values:
Position 0 to 3: constant key
Position 4 to 11: the key
Position 12 to 13: the counter.
Position 14 to 15: the nonce.
The implementation uses regular C code which compiles very well on modern compilers.
(gcc x64 has no register spills, and clang 6+ uses SSE instructions)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
static inline uint32_t rotl(uint32_t x, uint32_t shift) {
return (x << shift) | (x >> (32 - shift));
}
static inline void qround(uint32_t x[16], size_t a, size_t b, size_t c, size_t d) {
x[a] += x[b]; x[d] = rotl(x[d] ^ x[a], 16);
x[c] += x[d]; x[b] = rotl(x[b] ^ x[c], 12);
x[a] += x[b]; x[d] = rotl(x[d] ^ x[a], 8);
x[c] += x[d]; x[b] = rotl(x[b] ^ x[c], 7);
}
static void chacha_block(mi_random_ctx_t* ctx)
{
// scramble into `x`
uint32_t x[16];
for (size_t i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
x[i] = ctx->input[i];
}
for (size_t i = 0; i < MI_CHACHA_ROUNDS; i += 2) {
qround(x, 0, 4, 8, 12);
qround(x, 1, 5, 9, 13);
qround(x, 2, 6, 10, 14);
qround(x, 3, 7, 11, 15);
qround(x, 0, 5, 10, 15);
qround(x, 1, 6, 11, 12);
qround(x, 2, 7, 8, 13);
qround(x, 3, 4, 9, 14);
}
// add scrambled data to the initial state
for (size_t i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
ctx->output[i] = x[i] + ctx->input[i];
}
ctx->output_available = 16;
// increment the counter for the next round
ctx->input[12] += 1;
if (ctx->input[12] == 0) {
ctx->input[13] += 1;
if (ctx->input[13] == 0) { // and keep increasing into the nonce
ctx->input[14] += 1;
}
}
}
static uint32_t chacha_next32(mi_random_ctx_t* ctx) {
if (ctx->output_available <= 0) {
chacha_block(ctx);
ctx->output_available = 16; // (assign again to suppress static analysis warning)
}
const uint32_t x = ctx->output[16 - ctx->output_available];
ctx->output[16 - ctx->output_available] = 0; // reset once the data is handed out
ctx->output_available--;
return x;
}
static inline uint32_t read32(const uint8_t* p, size_t idx32) {
const size_t i = 4*idx32;
return ((uint32_t)p[i+0] | (uint32_t)p[i+1] << 8 | (uint32_t)p[i+2] << 16 | (uint32_t)p[i+3] << 24);
}
static void chacha_init(mi_random_ctx_t* ctx, const uint8_t key[32], uint64_t nonce)
{
// since we only use chacha for randomness (and not encryption) we
// do not _need_ to read 32-bit values as little endian but we do anyways
// just for being compatible :-)
memset(ctx, 0, sizeof(*ctx));
for (size_t i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
const uint8_t* sigma = (uint8_t*)"expand 32-byte k";
ctx->input[i] = read32(sigma,i);
}
for (size_t i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
ctx->input[i + 4] = read32(key,i);
}
ctx->input[12] = 0;
ctx->input[13] = 0;
ctx->input[14] = (uint32_t)nonce;
ctx->input[15] = (uint32_t)(nonce >> 32);
}
static void chacha_split(mi_random_ctx_t* ctx, uint64_t nonce, mi_random_ctx_t* ctx_new) {
memset(ctx_new, 0, sizeof(*ctx_new));
_mi_memcpy(ctx_new->input, ctx->input, sizeof(ctx_new->input));
ctx_new->input[12] = 0;
ctx_new->input[13] = 0;
ctx_new->input[14] = (uint32_t)nonce;
ctx_new->input[15] = (uint32_t)(nonce >> 32);
mi_assert_internal(ctx->input[14] != ctx_new->input[14] || ctx->input[15] != ctx_new->input[15]); // do not reuse nonces!
chacha_block(ctx_new);
}
/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Random interface
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#if MI_DEBUG>1
static bool mi_random_is_initialized(mi_random_ctx_t* ctx) {
return (ctx != NULL && ctx->input[0] != 0);
}
#endif
void _mi_random_split(mi_random_ctx_t* ctx, mi_random_ctx_t* ctx_new) {
mi_assert_internal(mi_random_is_initialized(ctx));
mi_assert_internal(ctx != ctx_new);
chacha_split(ctx, (uintptr_t)ctx_new /*nonce*/, ctx_new);
}
uintptr_t _mi_random_next(mi_random_ctx_t* ctx) {
mi_assert_internal(mi_random_is_initialized(ctx));
#if MI_INTPTR_SIZE <= 4
return chacha_next32(ctx);
#elif MI_INTPTR_SIZE == 8
return (((uintptr_t)chacha_next32(ctx) << 32) | chacha_next32(ctx));
#else
# error "define mi_random_next for this platform"
#endif
}
/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
To initialize a fresh random context.
If we cannot get good randomness, we fall back to weak randomness based on a timer and ASLR.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
uintptr_t _mi_os_random_weak(uintptr_t extra_seed) {
uintptr_t x = (uintptr_t)&_mi_os_random_weak ^ extra_seed; // ASLR makes the address random
x ^= _mi_prim_clock_now();
// and do a few randomization steps
uintptr_t max = ((x ^ (x >> 17)) & 0x0F) + 1;
for (uintptr_t i = 0; i < max; i++) {
x = _mi_random_shuffle(x);
}
mi_assert_internal(x != 0);
return x;
}
static void mi_random_init_ex(mi_random_ctx_t* ctx, bool use_weak) {
uint8_t key[32];
if (use_weak || !_mi_prim_random_buf(key, sizeof(key))) {
// if we fail to get random data from the OS, we fall back to a
// weak random source based on the current time
#if !defined(__wasi__)
if (!use_weak) { _mi_warning_message("unable to use secure randomness\n"); }
#endif
uintptr_t x = _mi_os_random_weak(0);
for (size_t i = 0; i < 8; i++) { // key is eight 32-bit words.
x = _mi_random_shuffle(x);
((uint32_t*)key)[i] = (uint32_t)x;
}
ctx->weak = true;
}
else {
ctx->weak = false;
}
chacha_init(ctx, key, (uintptr_t)ctx /*nonce*/ );
}
void _mi_random_init(mi_random_ctx_t* ctx) {
mi_random_init_ex(ctx, false);
}
void _mi_random_init_weak(mi_random_ctx_t * ctx) {
mi_random_init_ex(ctx, true);
}
void _mi_random_reinit_if_weak(mi_random_ctx_t * ctx) {
if (ctx->weak) {
_mi_random_init(ctx);
}
}
/* --------------------------------------------------------
test vectors from <https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc8439>
----------------------------------------------------------- */
/*
static bool array_equals(uint32_t* x, uint32_t* y, size_t n) {
for (size_t i = 0; i < n; i++) {
if (x[i] != y[i]) return false;
}
return true;
}
static void chacha_test(void)
{
uint32_t x[4] = { 0x11111111, 0x01020304, 0x9b8d6f43, 0x01234567 };
uint32_t x_out[4] = { 0xea2a92f4, 0xcb1cf8ce, 0x4581472e, 0x5881c4bb };
qround(x, 0, 1, 2, 3);
mi_assert_internal(array_equals(x, x_out, 4));
uint32_t y[16] = {
0x879531e0, 0xc5ecf37d, 0x516461b1, 0xc9a62f8a,
0x44c20ef3, 0x3390af7f, 0xd9fc690b, 0x2a5f714c,
0x53372767, 0xb00a5631, 0x974c541a, 0x359e9963,
0x5c971061, 0x3d631689, 0x2098d9d6, 0x91dbd320 };
uint32_t y_out[16] = {
0x879531e0, 0xc5ecf37d, 0xbdb886dc, 0xc9a62f8a,
0x44c20ef3, 0x3390af7f, 0xd9fc690b, 0xcfacafd2,
0xe46bea80, 0xb00a5631, 0x974c541a, 0x359e9963,
0x5c971061, 0xccc07c79, 0x2098d9d6, 0x91dbd320 };
qround(y, 2, 7, 8, 13);
mi_assert_internal(array_equals(y, y_out, 16));
mi_random_ctx_t r = {
{ 0x61707865, 0x3320646e, 0x79622d32, 0x6b206574,
0x03020100, 0x07060504, 0x0b0a0908, 0x0f0e0d0c,
0x13121110, 0x17161514, 0x1b1a1918, 0x1f1e1d1c,
0x00000001, 0x09000000, 0x4a000000, 0x00000000 },
{0},
0
};
uint32_t r_out[16] = {
0xe4e7f110, 0x15593bd1, 0x1fdd0f50, 0xc47120a3,
0xc7f4d1c7, 0x0368c033, 0x9aaa2204, 0x4e6cd4c3,
0x466482d2, 0x09aa9f07, 0x05d7c214, 0xa2028bd9,
0xd19c12b5, 0xb94e16de, 0xe883d0cb, 0x4e3c50a2 };
chacha_block(&r);
mi_assert_internal(array_equals(r.output, r_out, 16));
}
*/

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/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Copyright (c) 2019-2023, Microsoft Research, Daan Leijen
This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
terms of the MIT license. A copy of the license can be found in the file
"LICENSE" at the root of this distribution.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* -----------------------------------------------------------
The following functions are to reliably find the segment or
block that encompasses any pointer p (or NULL if it is not
in any of our segments).
We maintain a bitmap of all memory with 1 bit per MI_SEGMENT_SIZE (64MiB)
set to 1 if it contains the segment meta data.
----------------------------------------------------------- */
#include "mimalloc.h"
#include "mimalloc/internal.h"
#include "mimalloc/atomic.h"
// Reduce total address space to reduce .bss (due to the `mi_segment_map`)
#if (MI_INTPTR_SIZE > 4) && MI_TRACK_ASAN
#define MI_SEGMENT_MAP_MAX_ADDRESS (128*1024ULL*MI_GiB) // 128 TiB (see issue #881)
#elif (MI_INTPTR_SIZE > 4)
#define MI_SEGMENT_MAP_MAX_ADDRESS (48*1024ULL*MI_GiB) // 48 TiB
#else
#define MI_SEGMENT_MAP_MAX_ADDRESS (UINT32_MAX)
#endif
#define MI_SEGMENT_MAP_PART_SIZE (MI_INTPTR_SIZE*MI_KiB - 128) // 128 > sizeof(mi_memid_t) !
#define MI_SEGMENT_MAP_PART_BITS (8*MI_SEGMENT_MAP_PART_SIZE)
#define MI_SEGMENT_MAP_PART_ENTRIES (MI_SEGMENT_MAP_PART_SIZE / MI_INTPTR_SIZE)
#define MI_SEGMENT_MAP_PART_BIT_SPAN (MI_SEGMENT_ALIGN)
#define MI_SEGMENT_MAP_PART_SPAN (MI_SEGMENT_MAP_PART_BITS * MI_SEGMENT_MAP_PART_BIT_SPAN)
#define MI_SEGMENT_MAP_MAX_PARTS ((MI_SEGMENT_MAP_MAX_ADDRESS / MI_SEGMENT_MAP_PART_SPAN) + 1)
// A part of the segment map.
typedef struct mi_segmap_part_s {
mi_memid_t memid;
_Atomic(uintptr_t) map[MI_SEGMENT_MAP_PART_ENTRIES];
} mi_segmap_part_t;
// Allocate parts on-demand to reduce .bss footprint
static _Atomic(mi_segmap_part_t*) mi_segment_map[MI_SEGMENT_MAP_MAX_PARTS]; // = { NULL, .. }
static mi_segmap_part_t* mi_segment_map_index_of(const mi_segment_t* segment, bool create_on_demand, size_t* idx, size_t* bitidx) {
// note: segment can be invalid or NULL.
mi_assert_internal(_mi_ptr_segment(segment + 1) == segment); // is it aligned on MI_SEGMENT_SIZE?
*idx = 0;
*bitidx = 0;
if ((uintptr_t)segment >= MI_SEGMENT_MAP_MAX_ADDRESS) return NULL;
const uintptr_t segindex = ((uintptr_t)segment) / MI_SEGMENT_MAP_PART_SPAN;
if (segindex >= MI_SEGMENT_MAP_MAX_PARTS) return NULL;
mi_segmap_part_t* part = mi_atomic_load_ptr_relaxed(mi_segmap_part_t, &mi_segment_map[segindex]);
// allocate on demand to reduce .bss footprint
if (part == NULL) {
if (!create_on_demand) return NULL;
mi_memid_t memid;
part = (mi_segmap_part_t*)_mi_os_alloc(sizeof(mi_segmap_part_t), &memid);
if (part == NULL) return NULL;
mi_segmap_part_t* expected = NULL;
if (!mi_atomic_cas_ptr_strong_release(mi_segmap_part_t, &mi_segment_map[segindex], &expected, part)) {
_mi_os_free(part, sizeof(mi_segmap_part_t), memid);
part = expected;
if (part == NULL) return NULL;
}
}
mi_assert(part != NULL);
const uintptr_t offset = ((uintptr_t)segment) % MI_SEGMENT_MAP_PART_SPAN;
const uintptr_t bitofs = offset / MI_SEGMENT_MAP_PART_BIT_SPAN;
*idx = bitofs / MI_INTPTR_BITS;
*bitidx = bitofs % MI_INTPTR_BITS;
return part;
}
void _mi_segment_map_allocated_at(const mi_segment_t* segment) {
if (segment->memid.memkind == MI_MEM_ARENA) return; // we lookup segments first in the arena's and don't need the segment map
size_t index;
size_t bitidx;
mi_segmap_part_t* part = mi_segment_map_index_of(segment, true /* alloc map if needed */, &index, &bitidx);
if (part == NULL) return; // outside our address range..
uintptr_t mask = mi_atomic_load_relaxed(&part->map[index]);
uintptr_t newmask;
do {
newmask = (mask | ((uintptr_t)1 << bitidx));
} while (!mi_atomic_cas_weak_release(&part->map[index], &mask, newmask));
}
void _mi_segment_map_freed_at(const mi_segment_t* segment) {
if (segment->memid.memkind == MI_MEM_ARENA) return;
size_t index;
size_t bitidx;
mi_segmap_part_t* part = mi_segment_map_index_of(segment, false /* don't alloc if not present */, &index, &bitidx);
if (part == NULL) return; // outside our address range..
uintptr_t mask = mi_atomic_load_relaxed(&part->map[index]);
uintptr_t newmask;
do {
newmask = (mask & ~((uintptr_t)1 << bitidx));
} while (!mi_atomic_cas_weak_release(&part->map[index], &mask, newmask));
}
// Determine the segment belonging to a pointer or NULL if it is not in a valid segment.
static mi_segment_t* _mi_segment_of(const void* p) {
if (p == NULL) return NULL;
mi_segment_t* segment = _mi_ptr_segment(p); // segment can be NULL
size_t index;
size_t bitidx;
mi_segmap_part_t* part = mi_segment_map_index_of(segment, false /* dont alloc if not present */, &index, &bitidx);
if (part == NULL) return NULL;
const uintptr_t mask = mi_atomic_load_relaxed(&part->map[index]);
if mi_likely((mask & ((uintptr_t)1 << bitidx)) != 0) {
bool cookie_ok = (_mi_ptr_cookie(segment) == segment->cookie);
mi_assert_internal(cookie_ok); MI_UNUSED(cookie_ok);
return segment; // yes, allocated by us
}
return NULL;
}
// Is this a valid pointer in our heap?
static bool mi_is_valid_pointer(const void* p) {
// first check if it is in an arena, then check if it is OS allocated
return (_mi_arena_contains(p) || _mi_segment_of(p) != NULL);
}
mi_decl_nodiscard mi_decl_export bool mi_is_in_heap_region(const void* p) mi_attr_noexcept {
return mi_is_valid_pointer(p);
}

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/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Copyright (c) 2018-2020, Microsoft Research, Daan Leijen
This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
terms of the MIT license. A copy of the license can be found in the file
"LICENSE" at the root of this distribution.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#ifndef _DEFAULT_SOURCE
#define _DEFAULT_SOURCE
#endif
#if defined(__sun)
// same remarks as os.c for the static's context.
#undef _XOPEN_SOURCE
#undef _POSIX_C_SOURCE
#endif
#include "mimalloc.h"
#include "mimalloc/internal.h"
// For a static override we create a single object file
// containing the whole library. If it is linked first
// it will override all the standard library allocation
// functions (on Unix's).
#include "alloc.c" // includes alloc-override.c
#include "alloc-aligned.c"
#include "alloc-posix.c"
#include "arena.c"
#include "bitmap.c"
#include "heap.c"
#include "init.c"
#include "libc.c"
#include "options.c"
#include "os.c"
#include "page.c" // includes page-queue.c
#include "random.c"
#include "segment.c"
#include "segment-map.c"
#include "stats.c"
#include "prim/prim.c"
#if MI_OSX_ZONE
#include "prim/osx/alloc-override-zone.c"
#endif

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/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Copyright (c) 2018-2021, Microsoft Research, Daan Leijen
This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
terms of the MIT license. A copy of the license can be found in the file
"LICENSE" at the root of this distribution.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "mimalloc.h"
#include "mimalloc/internal.h"
#include "mimalloc/atomic.h"
#include "mimalloc/prim.h"
#include <string.h> // memset
#if defined(_MSC_VER) && (_MSC_VER < 1920)
#pragma warning(disable:4204) // non-constant aggregate initializer
#endif
/* -----------------------------------------------------------
Statistics operations
----------------------------------------------------------- */
static bool mi_is_in_main(void* stat) {
return ((uint8_t*)stat >= (uint8_t*)&_mi_stats_main
&& (uint8_t*)stat < ((uint8_t*)&_mi_stats_main + sizeof(mi_stats_t)));
}
static void mi_stat_update(mi_stat_count_t* stat, int64_t amount) {
if (amount == 0) return;
if (mi_is_in_main(stat))
{
// add atomically (for abandoned pages)
int64_t current = mi_atomic_addi64_relaxed(&stat->current, amount);
mi_atomic_maxi64_relaxed(&stat->peak, current + amount);
if (amount > 0) {
mi_atomic_addi64_relaxed(&stat->allocated,amount);
}
else {
mi_atomic_addi64_relaxed(&stat->freed, -amount);
}
}
else {
// add thread local
stat->current += amount;
if (stat->current > stat->peak) stat->peak = stat->current;
if (amount > 0) {
stat->allocated += amount;
}
else {
stat->freed += -amount;
}
}
}
void _mi_stat_counter_increase(mi_stat_counter_t* stat, size_t amount) {
if (mi_is_in_main(stat)) {
mi_atomic_addi64_relaxed( &stat->count, 1 );
mi_atomic_addi64_relaxed( &stat->total, (int64_t)amount );
}
else {
stat->count++;
stat->total += amount;
}
}
void _mi_stat_increase(mi_stat_count_t* stat, size_t amount) {
mi_stat_update(stat, (int64_t)amount);
}
void _mi_stat_decrease(mi_stat_count_t* stat, size_t amount) {
mi_stat_update(stat, -((int64_t)amount));
}
// must be thread safe as it is called from stats_merge
static void mi_stat_add(mi_stat_count_t* stat, const mi_stat_count_t* src, int64_t unit) {
if (stat==src) return;
if (src->allocated==0 && src->freed==0) return;
mi_atomic_addi64_relaxed( &stat->allocated, src->allocated * unit);
mi_atomic_addi64_relaxed( &stat->current, src->current * unit);
mi_atomic_addi64_relaxed( &stat->freed, src->freed * unit);
// peak scores do not work across threads..
mi_atomic_addi64_relaxed( &stat->peak, src->peak * unit);
}
static void mi_stat_counter_add(mi_stat_counter_t* stat, const mi_stat_counter_t* src, int64_t unit) {
if (stat==src) return;
mi_atomic_addi64_relaxed( &stat->total, src->total * unit);
mi_atomic_addi64_relaxed( &stat->count, src->count * unit);
}
// must be thread safe as it is called from stats_merge
static void mi_stats_add(mi_stats_t* stats, const mi_stats_t* src) {
if (stats==src) return;
mi_stat_add(&stats->segments, &src->segments,1);
mi_stat_add(&stats->pages, &src->pages,1);
mi_stat_add(&stats->reserved, &src->reserved, 1);
mi_stat_add(&stats->committed, &src->committed, 1);
mi_stat_add(&stats->reset, &src->reset, 1);
mi_stat_add(&stats->purged, &src->purged, 1);
mi_stat_add(&stats->page_committed, &src->page_committed, 1);
mi_stat_add(&stats->pages_abandoned, &src->pages_abandoned, 1);
mi_stat_add(&stats->segments_abandoned, &src->segments_abandoned, 1);
mi_stat_add(&stats->threads, &src->threads, 1);
mi_stat_add(&stats->malloc, &src->malloc, 1);
mi_stat_add(&stats->segments_cache, &src->segments_cache, 1);
mi_stat_add(&stats->normal, &src->normal, 1);
mi_stat_add(&stats->huge, &src->huge, 1);
mi_stat_add(&stats->giant, &src->giant, 1);
mi_stat_counter_add(&stats->pages_extended, &src->pages_extended, 1);
mi_stat_counter_add(&stats->mmap_calls, &src->mmap_calls, 1);
mi_stat_counter_add(&stats->commit_calls, &src->commit_calls, 1);
mi_stat_counter_add(&stats->reset_calls, &src->reset_calls, 1);
mi_stat_counter_add(&stats->purge_calls, &src->purge_calls, 1);
mi_stat_counter_add(&stats->page_no_retire, &src->page_no_retire, 1);
mi_stat_counter_add(&stats->searches, &src->searches, 1);
mi_stat_counter_add(&stats->normal_count, &src->normal_count, 1);
mi_stat_counter_add(&stats->huge_count, &src->huge_count, 1);
mi_stat_counter_add(&stats->guarded_alloc_count, &src->guarded_alloc_count, 1);
#if MI_STAT>1
for (size_t i = 0; i <= MI_BIN_HUGE; i++) {
if (src->normal_bins[i].allocated > 0 || src->normal_bins[i].freed > 0) {
mi_stat_add(&stats->normal_bins[i], &src->normal_bins[i], 1);
}
}
#endif
}
/* -----------------------------------------------------------
Display statistics
----------------------------------------------------------- */
// unit > 0 : size in binary bytes
// unit == 0: count as decimal
// unit < 0 : count in binary
static void mi_printf_amount(int64_t n, int64_t unit, mi_output_fun* out, void* arg, const char* fmt) {
char buf[32]; buf[0] = 0;
int len = 32;
const char* suffix = (unit <= 0 ? " " : "B");
const int64_t base = (unit == 0 ? 1000 : 1024);
if (unit>0) n *= unit;
const int64_t pos = (n < 0 ? -n : n);
if (pos < base) {
if (n!=1 || suffix[0] != 'B') { // skip printing 1 B for the unit column
_mi_snprintf(buf, len, "%lld %-3s", (long long)n, (n==0 ? "" : suffix));
}
}
else {
int64_t divider = base;
const char* magnitude = "K";
if (pos >= divider*base) { divider *= base; magnitude = "M"; }
if (pos >= divider*base) { divider *= base; magnitude = "G"; }
const int64_t tens = (n / (divider/10));
const long whole = (long)(tens/10);
const long frac1 = (long)(tens%10);
char unitdesc[8];
_mi_snprintf(unitdesc, 8, "%s%s%s", magnitude, (base==1024 ? "i" : ""), suffix);
_mi_snprintf(buf, len, "%ld.%ld %-3s", whole, (frac1 < 0 ? -frac1 : frac1), unitdesc);
}
_mi_fprintf(out, arg, (fmt==NULL ? "%12s" : fmt), buf);
}
static void mi_print_amount(int64_t n, int64_t unit, mi_output_fun* out, void* arg) {
mi_printf_amount(n,unit,out,arg,NULL);
}
static void mi_print_count(int64_t n, int64_t unit, mi_output_fun* out, void* arg) {
if (unit==1) _mi_fprintf(out, arg, "%12s"," ");
else mi_print_amount(n,0,out,arg);
}
static void mi_stat_print_ex(const mi_stat_count_t* stat, const char* msg, int64_t unit, mi_output_fun* out, void* arg, const char* notok ) {
_mi_fprintf(out, arg,"%10s:", msg);
if (unit != 0) {
if (unit > 0) {
mi_print_amount(stat->peak, unit, out, arg);
mi_print_amount(stat->allocated, unit, out, arg);
mi_print_amount(stat->freed, unit, out, arg);
mi_print_amount(stat->current, unit, out, arg);
mi_print_amount(unit, 1, out, arg);
mi_print_count(stat->allocated, unit, out, arg);
}
else {
mi_print_amount(stat->peak, -1, out, arg);
mi_print_amount(stat->allocated, -1, out, arg);
mi_print_amount(stat->freed, -1, out, arg);
mi_print_amount(stat->current, -1, out, arg);
if (unit == -1) {
_mi_fprintf(out, arg, "%24s", "");
}
else {
mi_print_amount(-unit, 1, out, arg);
mi_print_count((stat->allocated / -unit), 0, out, arg);
}
}
if (stat->allocated > stat->freed) {
_mi_fprintf(out, arg, " ");
_mi_fprintf(out, arg, (notok == NULL ? "not all freed" : notok));
_mi_fprintf(out, arg, "\n");
}
else {
_mi_fprintf(out, arg, " ok\n");
}
}
else {
mi_print_amount(stat->peak, 1, out, arg);
mi_print_amount(stat->allocated, 1, out, arg);
_mi_fprintf(out, arg, "%11s", " "); // no freed
mi_print_amount(stat->current, 1, out, arg);
_mi_fprintf(out, arg, "\n");
}
}
static void mi_stat_print(const mi_stat_count_t* stat, const char* msg, int64_t unit, mi_output_fun* out, void* arg) {
mi_stat_print_ex(stat, msg, unit, out, arg, NULL);
}
static void mi_stat_peak_print(const mi_stat_count_t* stat, const char* msg, int64_t unit, mi_output_fun* out, void* arg) {
_mi_fprintf(out, arg, "%10s:", msg);
mi_print_amount(stat->peak, unit, out, arg);
_mi_fprintf(out, arg, "\n");
}
static void mi_stat_counter_print(const mi_stat_counter_t* stat, const char* msg, mi_output_fun* out, void* arg ) {
_mi_fprintf(out, arg, "%10s:", msg);
mi_print_amount(stat->total, -1, out, arg);
_mi_fprintf(out, arg, "\n");
}
static void mi_stat_counter_print_avg(const mi_stat_counter_t* stat, const char* msg, mi_output_fun* out, void* arg) {
const int64_t avg_tens = (stat->count == 0 ? 0 : (stat->total*10 / stat->count));
const long avg_whole = (long)(avg_tens/10);
const long avg_frac1 = (long)(avg_tens%10);
_mi_fprintf(out, arg, "%10s: %5ld.%ld avg\n", msg, avg_whole, avg_frac1);
}
static void mi_print_header(mi_output_fun* out, void* arg ) {
_mi_fprintf(out, arg, "%10s: %11s %11s %11s %11s %11s %11s\n", "heap stats", "peak ", "total ", "freed ", "current ", "unit ", "count ");
}
#if MI_STAT>1
static void mi_stats_print_bins(const mi_stat_count_t* bins, size_t max, const char* fmt, mi_output_fun* out, void* arg) {
bool found = false;
char buf[64];
for (size_t i = 0; i <= max; i++) {
if (bins[i].allocated > 0) {
found = true;
int64_t unit = _mi_bin_size((uint8_t)i);
_mi_snprintf(buf, 64, "%s %3lu", fmt, (long)i);
mi_stat_print(&bins[i], buf, unit, out, arg);
}
}
if (found) {
_mi_fprintf(out, arg, "\n");
mi_print_header(out, arg);
}
}
#endif
//------------------------------------------------------------
// Use an output wrapper for line-buffered output
// (which is nice when using loggers etc.)
//------------------------------------------------------------
typedef struct buffered_s {
mi_output_fun* out; // original output function
void* arg; // and state
char* buf; // local buffer of at least size `count+1`
size_t used; // currently used chars `used <= count`
size_t count; // total chars available for output
} buffered_t;
static void mi_buffered_flush(buffered_t* buf) {
buf->buf[buf->used] = 0;
_mi_fputs(buf->out, buf->arg, NULL, buf->buf);
buf->used = 0;
}
static void mi_cdecl mi_buffered_out(const char* msg, void* arg) {
buffered_t* buf = (buffered_t*)arg;
if (msg==NULL || buf==NULL) return;
for (const char* src = msg; *src != 0; src++) {
char c = *src;
if (buf->used >= buf->count) mi_buffered_flush(buf);
mi_assert_internal(buf->used < buf->count);
buf->buf[buf->used++] = c;
if (c == '\n') mi_buffered_flush(buf);
}
}
//------------------------------------------------------------
// Print statistics
//------------------------------------------------------------
static void _mi_stats_print(mi_stats_t* stats, mi_output_fun* out0, void* arg0) mi_attr_noexcept {
// wrap the output function to be line buffered
char buf[256];
buffered_t buffer = { out0, arg0, NULL, 0, 255 };
buffer.buf = buf;
mi_output_fun* out = &mi_buffered_out;
void* arg = &buffer;
// and print using that
mi_print_header(out,arg);
#if MI_STAT>1
mi_stats_print_bins(stats->normal_bins, MI_BIN_HUGE, "normal",out,arg);
#endif
#if MI_STAT
mi_stat_print(&stats->normal, "normal", (stats->normal_count.count == 0 ? 1 : -(stats->normal.allocated / stats->normal_count.count)), out, arg);
mi_stat_print(&stats->huge, "huge", (stats->huge_count.count == 0 ? 1 : -(stats->huge.allocated / stats->huge_count.count)), out, arg);
mi_stat_count_t total = { 0,0,0,0 };
mi_stat_add(&total, &stats->normal, 1);
mi_stat_add(&total, &stats->huge, 1);
mi_stat_print(&total, "total", 1, out, arg);
#endif
#if MI_STAT>1
mi_stat_print(&stats->malloc, "malloc req", 1, out, arg);
_mi_fprintf(out, arg, "\n");
#endif
mi_stat_print_ex(&stats->reserved, "reserved", 1, out, arg, "");
mi_stat_print_ex(&stats->committed, "committed", 1, out, arg, "");
mi_stat_peak_print(&stats->reset, "reset", 1, out, arg );
mi_stat_peak_print(&stats->purged, "purged", 1, out, arg );
mi_stat_print(&stats->page_committed, "touched", 1, out, arg);
mi_stat_print(&stats->segments, "segments", -1, out, arg);
mi_stat_print(&stats->segments_abandoned, "-abandoned", -1, out, arg);
mi_stat_print(&stats->segments_cache, "-cached", -1, out, arg);
mi_stat_print(&stats->pages, "pages", -1, out, arg);
mi_stat_print(&stats->pages_abandoned, "-abandoned", -1, out, arg);
mi_stat_counter_print(&stats->pages_extended, "-extended", out, arg);
mi_stat_counter_print(&stats->page_no_retire, "-noretire", out, arg);
mi_stat_counter_print(&stats->arena_count, "arenas", out, arg);
mi_stat_counter_print(&stats->arena_crossover_count, "-crossover", out, arg);
mi_stat_counter_print(&stats->arena_rollback_count, "-rollback", out, arg);
mi_stat_counter_print(&stats->mmap_calls, "mmaps", out, arg);
mi_stat_counter_print(&stats->commit_calls, "commits", out, arg);
mi_stat_counter_print(&stats->reset_calls, "resets", out, arg);
mi_stat_counter_print(&stats->purge_calls, "purges", out, arg);
mi_stat_counter_print(&stats->guarded_alloc_count, "guarded", out, arg);
mi_stat_print(&stats->threads, "threads", -1, out, arg);
mi_stat_counter_print_avg(&stats->searches, "searches", out, arg);
_mi_fprintf(out, arg, "%10s: %5zu\n", "numa nodes", _mi_os_numa_node_count());
size_t elapsed;
size_t user_time;
size_t sys_time;
size_t current_rss;
size_t peak_rss;
size_t current_commit;
size_t peak_commit;
size_t page_faults;
mi_process_info(&elapsed, &user_time, &sys_time, &current_rss, &peak_rss, &current_commit, &peak_commit, &page_faults);
_mi_fprintf(out, arg, "%10s: %5ld.%03ld s\n", "elapsed", elapsed/1000, elapsed%1000);
_mi_fprintf(out, arg, "%10s: user: %ld.%03ld s, system: %ld.%03ld s, faults: %lu, rss: ", "process",
user_time/1000, user_time%1000, sys_time/1000, sys_time%1000, (unsigned long)page_faults );
mi_printf_amount((int64_t)peak_rss, 1, out, arg, "%s");
if (peak_commit > 0) {
_mi_fprintf(out, arg, ", commit: ");
mi_printf_amount((int64_t)peak_commit, 1, out, arg, "%s");
}
_mi_fprintf(out, arg, "\n");
}
static mi_msecs_t mi_process_start; // = 0
static mi_stats_t* mi_stats_get_default(void) {
mi_heap_t* heap = mi_heap_get_default();
return &heap->tld->stats;
}
static void mi_stats_merge_from(mi_stats_t* stats) {
if (stats != &_mi_stats_main) {
mi_stats_add(&_mi_stats_main, stats);
memset(stats, 0, sizeof(mi_stats_t));
}
}
void mi_stats_reset(void) mi_attr_noexcept {
mi_stats_t* stats = mi_stats_get_default();
if (stats != &_mi_stats_main) { memset(stats, 0, sizeof(mi_stats_t)); }
memset(&_mi_stats_main, 0, sizeof(mi_stats_t));
if (mi_process_start == 0) { mi_process_start = _mi_clock_start(); };
}
void mi_stats_merge(void) mi_attr_noexcept {
mi_stats_merge_from( mi_stats_get_default() );
}
void _mi_stats_done(mi_stats_t* stats) { // called from `mi_thread_done`
mi_stats_merge_from(stats);
}
void mi_stats_print_out(mi_output_fun* out, void* arg) mi_attr_noexcept {
mi_stats_merge_from(mi_stats_get_default());
_mi_stats_print(&_mi_stats_main, out, arg);
}
void mi_stats_print(void* out) mi_attr_noexcept {
// for compatibility there is an `out` parameter (which can be `stdout` or `stderr`)
mi_stats_print_out((mi_output_fun*)out, NULL);
}
void mi_thread_stats_print_out(mi_output_fun* out, void* arg) mi_attr_noexcept {
_mi_stats_print(mi_stats_get_default(), out, arg);
}
// ----------------------------------------------------------------
// Basic timer for convenience; use milli-seconds to avoid doubles
// ----------------------------------------------------------------
static mi_msecs_t mi_clock_diff;
mi_msecs_t _mi_clock_now(void) {
return _mi_prim_clock_now();
}
mi_msecs_t _mi_clock_start(void) {
if (mi_clock_diff == 0.0) {
mi_msecs_t t0 = _mi_clock_now();
mi_clock_diff = _mi_clock_now() - t0;
}
return _mi_clock_now();
}
mi_msecs_t _mi_clock_end(mi_msecs_t start) {
mi_msecs_t end = _mi_clock_now();
return (end - start - mi_clock_diff);
}
// --------------------------------------------------------
// Basic process statistics
// --------------------------------------------------------
mi_decl_export void mi_process_info(size_t* elapsed_msecs, size_t* user_msecs, size_t* system_msecs, size_t* current_rss, size_t* peak_rss, size_t* current_commit, size_t* peak_commit, size_t* page_faults) mi_attr_noexcept
{
mi_process_info_t pinfo;
_mi_memzero_var(pinfo);
pinfo.elapsed = _mi_clock_end(mi_process_start);
pinfo.current_commit = (size_t)(mi_atomic_loadi64_relaxed((_Atomic(int64_t)*)&_mi_stats_main.committed.current));
pinfo.peak_commit = (size_t)(mi_atomic_loadi64_relaxed((_Atomic(int64_t)*)&_mi_stats_main.committed.peak));
pinfo.current_rss = pinfo.current_commit;
pinfo.peak_rss = pinfo.peak_commit;
pinfo.utime = 0;
pinfo.stime = 0;
pinfo.page_faults = 0;
_mi_prim_process_info(&pinfo);
if (elapsed_msecs!=NULL) *elapsed_msecs = (pinfo.elapsed < 0 ? 0 : (pinfo.elapsed < (mi_msecs_t)PTRDIFF_MAX ? (size_t)pinfo.elapsed : PTRDIFF_MAX));
if (user_msecs!=NULL) *user_msecs = (pinfo.utime < 0 ? 0 : (pinfo.utime < (mi_msecs_t)PTRDIFF_MAX ? (size_t)pinfo.utime : PTRDIFF_MAX));
if (system_msecs!=NULL) *system_msecs = (pinfo.stime < 0 ? 0 : (pinfo.stime < (mi_msecs_t)PTRDIFF_MAX ? (size_t)pinfo.stime : PTRDIFF_MAX));
if (current_rss!=NULL) *current_rss = pinfo.current_rss;
if (peak_rss!=NULL) *peak_rss = pinfo.peak_rss;
if (current_commit!=NULL) *current_commit = pinfo.current_commit;
if (peak_commit!=NULL) *peak_commit = pinfo.peak_commit;
if (page_faults!=NULL) *page_faults = pinfo.page_faults;
}