feat update

This commit is contained in:
tqcq 2024-03-27 23:16:26 +08:00
parent c5e86092dd
commit ec6f45eb78
45 changed files with 5089 additions and 295 deletions

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@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ AllowAllParametersOfDeclarationOnNextLine: false
AllowShortBlocksOnASingleLine: Always
AllowShortCaseLabelsOnASingleLine: false
AllowShortFunctionsOnASingleLine: All
AllowShortIfStatementsOnASingleLine: true
AllowShortIfStatementsOnASingleLine: WithoutElse
AllowShortLambdasOnASingleLine: All
AllowShortLoopsOnASingleLine: true
AlwaysBreakTemplateDeclarations: Yes
@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ MaxEmptyLinesToKeep: 1
NamespaceIndentation: None
ObjCSpaceAfterProperty: false
ObjCSpaceBeforeProtocolList: false
PenaltyIndentedWhitespace: 1
PointerAlignment: Right
ReflowComments: false
SortIncludes: CaseSensitive

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@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
include(CMakeFindDependencyMacro)
find_dependency(Threads)
include("${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/Async++.cmake")

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# Copyright (c) 2015 Amanieu d'Antras
#
# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
# of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
# in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
# to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
# copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
# furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
#
# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
# all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
#
# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
# AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
# OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
# THE SOFTWARE.
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.1)
project(Async++ C CXX)
option(BUILD_SHARED_LIBS "Build Async++ as a shared library" ON)
option(USE_CXX_EXCEPTIONS "Enable C++ exception support" ON)
if (APPLE)
option(BUILD_FRAMEWORK "Build a Mac OS X framework instead of a library" OFF)
if (BUILD_FRAMEWORK AND NOT BUILD_SHARED_LIBS)
message(FATAL_ERROR "Can't build a framework with static libraries")
endif()
endif()
set(CMAKE_EXPORT_COMPILE_COMMANDS ON)
# Add all source and header files so IDEs can see them
set(ASYNCXX_INCLUDE
${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include/async++/aligned_alloc.h
${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include/async++/cancel.h
${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include/async++/continuation_vector.h
${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include/async++/parallel_for.h
${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include/async++/parallel_invoke.h
${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include/async++/parallel_reduce.h
${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include/async++/partitioner.h
${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include/async++/range.h
${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include/async++/ref_count.h
${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include/async++/scheduler.h
${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include/async++/scheduler_fwd.h
${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include/async++/task.h
${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include/async++/task_base.h
${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include/async++/traits.h
${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include/async++/when_all_any.h
)
set(ASYNCXX_SRC
${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/internal.h
${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/fifo_queue.h
${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/scheduler.cpp
${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/singleton.h
${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/task_wait_event.h
${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/threadpool_scheduler.cpp
${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/work_steal_queue.h
)
source_group(include FILES ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include/async++.h ${ASYNCXX_INCLUDE})
source_group(src FILES ${ASYNCXX_SRC})
add_library(Async++ ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include/async++.h ${ASYNCXX_INCLUDE} ${ASYNCXX_SRC})
# Async++ only depends on the C++11 standard libraries, but some implementations
# require the -pthread compiler flag to enable threading functionality.
if (NOT MSVC)
target_compile_options(Async++ PRIVATE -std=c++11)
endif()
if (APPLE)
# Use libc++ on Mac because the shipped libstdc++ version is ancient
target_compile_options(Async++ PRIVATE -stdlib=libc++)
set_target_properties(Async++ PROPERTIES LINK_FLAGS -stdlib=libc++)
endif()
set(THREADS_PREFER_PTHREAD_FLAG ON)
find_package(Threads REQUIRED)
target_link_libraries(Async++ PUBLIC Threads::Threads)
# Set up preprocessor definitions
target_include_directories(Async++ PRIVATE ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include)
set_target_properties(Async++ PROPERTIES DEFINE_SYMBOL LIBASYNC_BUILD)
if (BUILD_SHARED_LIBS)
# Minimize the set of symbols exported by libraries
set_target_properties(Async++ PROPERTIES CXX_VISIBILITY_PRESET hidden VISIBILITY_INLINES_HIDDEN ON)
else()
target_compile_definitions(Async++ PUBLIC LIBASYNC_STATIC)
endif()
# Enable warnings for strict C++ standard conformance
if (NOT MSVC)
target_compile_options(Async++ PRIVATE -Wall -Wextra -pedantic)
endif()
# Async++ doesn't make use of RTTI information, so don't generate it.
# There are issues on Apple platforms with exceptions and -fno-rtti, so keep it
# enabled there.
# See https://stackoverflow.com/questions/21737201/problems-throwing-and-catching-exceptions-on-os-x-with-fno-rtti
if (MSVC)
target_compile_options(Async++ PRIVATE /GR-)
elseif(NOT APPLE)
target_compile_options(Async++ PRIVATE -fno-rtti)
endif()
# Allow disabling exceptions, but warn the user about the consequences
if (NOT USE_CXX_EXCEPTIONS)
message(WARNING "Exceptions have been disabled. Any operation that would "
"throw an exception will result in a call to std::abort() instead.")
target_compile_definitions(Async++ PUBLIC LIBASYNC_NO_EXCEPTIONS)
if (MSVC)
target_compile_options(Async++ PUBLIC /EHs-c-)
else()
target_compile_options(Async++ PUBLIC -fno-exceptions)
endif()
endif()
# /Zc:__cplusplus is required to make __cplusplus accurate
# /Zc:__cplusplus is available starting with Visual Studio 2017 version 15.7
# (according to https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/cpp/build/reference/zc-cplusplus)
# That version is equivalent to _MSC_VER==1914
# (according to https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/cpp/preprocessor/predefined-macros?view=vs-2019)
# CMake's ${MSVC_VERSION} is equivalent to _MSC_VER
# (according to https://cmake.org/cmake/help/latest/variable/MSVC_VERSION.html#variable:MSVC_VERSION)
# GREATER and EQUAL are used because GREATER_EQUAL is available starting with CMake 3.7
# (according to https://cmake.org/cmake/help/v3.7/release/3.7.html#commands)
if ((MSVC) AND ((MSVC_VERSION GREATER 1914) OR (MSVC_VERSION EQUAL 1914)))
target_compile_options(Async++ PUBLIC /Zc:__cplusplus)
endif()
include(CMakePackageConfigHelpers)
configure_package_config_file("${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/Async++Config.cmake.in"
"${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/Async++Config.cmake"
INSTALL_DESTINATION cmake
)
install(FILES "${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/Async++Config.cmake"
DESTINATION cmake
)
# Install the library and produce a CMake export script
include(GNUInstallDirs)
install(TARGETS Async++
EXPORT Async++
RUNTIME DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_BINDIR}
LIBRARY DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR}
ARCHIVE DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR}
FRAMEWORK DESTINATION Frameworks
)
export(EXPORT Async++)
install(EXPORT Async++ DESTINATION cmake)
if (APPLE AND BUILD_FRAMEWORK)
set_target_properties(Async++ PROPERTIES OUTPUT_NAME Async++ FRAMEWORK ON)
set_source_files_properties(${ASYNCXX_INCLUDE} PROPERTIES MACOSX_PACKAGE_LOCATION Headers/async++)
set_source_files_properties(${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include/async++.h PROPERTIES MACOSX_PACKAGE_LOCATION Headers)
else()
set_target_properties(Async++ PROPERTIES OUTPUT_NAME async++)
target_include_directories(Async++ INTERFACE $<BUILD_INTERFACE:${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include> $<INSTALL_INTERFACE:include>)
install(FILES ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include/async++.h DESTINATION include)
install(FILES ${ASYNCXX_INCLUDE} DESTINATION include/async++)
endif()
SET(CPACK_GENERATOR "DEB")
SET(CPACK_DEBIAN_PACKAGE_MAINTAINER "none") #required
INCLUDE(CPack)

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@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
Copyright (c) 2015 Amanieu d'Antras
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
THE SOFTWARE.

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Async++
=======
Async++ is a lightweight concurrency framework for C++11. The concept was inspired by the [Microsoft PPL library](http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd492418.aspx) and the [N3428](http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2012/n3428.pdf) C++ standard proposal.
Example
-------
Here is a short example which shows some features of Async++:
```c++
#include <iostream>
#include <async++.h>
int main()
{
auto task1 = async::spawn([] {
std::cout << "Task 1 executes asynchronously" << std::endl;
});
auto task2 = async::spawn([]() -> int {
std::cout << "Task 2 executes in parallel with task 1" << std::endl;
return 42;
});
auto task3 = task2.then([](int value) -> int {
std::cout << "Task 3 executes after task 2, which returned "
<< value << std::endl;
return value * 3;
});
auto task4 = async::when_all(task1, task3);
auto task5 = task4.then([](std::tuple<async::task<void>,
async::task<int>> results) {
std::cout << "Task 5 executes after tasks 1 and 3. Task 3 returned "
<< std::get<1>(results).get() << std::endl;
});
task5.get();
std::cout << "Task 5 has completed" << std::endl;
async::parallel_invoke([] {
std::cout << "This is executed in parallel..." << std::endl;
}, [] {
std::cout << "with this" << std::endl;
});
async::parallel_for(async::irange(0, 5), [](int x) {
std::cout << x;
});
std::cout << std::endl;
int r = async::parallel_reduce({1, 2, 3, 4}, 0, [](int x, int y) {
return x + y;
});
std::cout << "The sum of {1, 2, 3, 4} is " << r << std::endl;
}
// Output (order may vary in some places):
// Task 1 executes asynchronously
// Task 2 executes in parallel with task 1
// Task 3 executes after task 2, which returned 42
// Task 5 executes after tasks 1 and 3. Task 3 returned 126
// Task 5 has completed
// This is executed in parallel...
// with this
// 01234
// The sum of {1, 2, 3, 4} is 10
```
Supported Platforms
-------------------
The only requirement to use Async++ is a C++11 compiler and standard library. Unfortunately C++11 is not yet fully implemented on most platforms. Here is the list of OS and compiler combinations which are known to work.
- Linux: Works with GCC 4.7+, Clang 3.2+ and Intel compiler 15+.
- Mac: Works with Apple Clang (using libc++). GCC also works but you must get a recent version (4.7+).
- iOS: Works with Apple Clang (using libc++). Note: because iOS has no thread local support, the library uses a workaround based on pthreads.
- Windows: Works with GCC 4.8+ (with pthread-win32) and Visual Studio 2013+.
Building and Installing
-----------------------
Instructions for compiling Async++ and using it in your code are available on the [Building and Installing](https://github.com/Amanieu/asyncplusplus/wiki/Building-and-Installing) page.
Documentation
------------
The Async++ documentation is split into four parts:
- [Tasks](https://github.com/Amanieu/asyncplusplus/wiki/Tasks): This describes task objects which are the core Async++. Reading this first is strongly recommended.
- [Parallel algorithms](https://github.com/Amanieu/asyncplusplus/wiki/Parallel-algorithms): This describes functions to run work on ranges in parallel.
- [Schedulers](https://github.com/Amanieu/asyncplusplus/wiki/Schedulers): This describes the low-level details of Async++ and how to customize it.
- [API Reference](https://github.com/Amanieu/asyncplusplus/wiki/API-Reference): This gives detailed descriptions of all the classes and functions available in Async++.
Contact
-------
You can contact me by email at amanieu@gmail.com.

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// Copyright (c) 2015 Amanieu d'Antras
//
// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
// of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
// in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
// to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
// copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
// furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
//
// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
// all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
//
// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
// AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
// OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
// THE SOFTWARE.
#include <async++.h>
#include <gtk/gtk.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <chrono>
#include <string>
// Scheduler implementation
class gtk_scheduler_impl {
// Get the task from the void* and execute it in the UI thread
static gboolean callback(void* p)
{
async::task_run_handle::from_void_ptr(p).run();
return FALSE;
}
public:
// Convert a task to void* and send it to the gtk main loop
void schedule(async::task_run_handle t)
{
g_idle_add(callback, t.to_void_ptr());
}
};
// Scheduler to run a task in the gtk main loop
gtk_scheduler_impl& gtk_scheduler()
{
static gtk_scheduler_impl sched;
return sched;
}
// In order to ensure the UI is always responsive, you can disallow blocking
// calls in the UI thread. Note that the wait handler isn't called when the
// result of a task is already available, so you can still call .get() on a
// completed task. This is completely optional and can be omitted if you don't
// need it.
void gtk_wait_handler(async::task_wait_handle)
{
std::cerr << "Error: Blocking wait in UI thread" << std::endl;
std::abort();
}
// Thread which increments the label value every ms
void label_update_thread(GtkLabel *label)
{
int counter = 0;
while (true) {
// Sleep for 1ms
std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(1));
counter++;
// Update the label contents in the UI thread
async::spawn(gtk_scheduler(), [label, counter] {
gtk_label_set_text(label, std::to_string(counter).c_str());
});
}
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
// Initialize GTK
gtk_init(&argc, &argv);
// Set wait handler on GTK thread to disallow waiting for tasks
async::set_thread_wait_handler(gtk_wait_handler);
// Create a window with a label
GtkWidget *window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
g_signal_connect(window, "destroy", G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit), NULL);
GtkLabel *label = GTK_LABEL(gtk_label_new("-"));
gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window), GTK_WIDGET(label));
gtk_widget_show_all(window);
// Start a secondary thread to update the label
std::thread(label_update_thread, label).detach();
// Go to GTK main loop
gtk_main();
}

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// Copyright (c) 2015 Amanieu d'Antras
//
// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
// of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
// in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
// to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
// copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
// furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
//
// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
// all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
//
// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
// AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
// OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
// THE SOFTWARE.
#ifndef ASYNCXX_H_
#define ASYNCXX_H_
#include <algorithm>
#include <atomic>
#include <cassert>
#include <cstddef>
#include <cstdint>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <cstring>
#include <exception>
#include <functional>
#include <iterator>
#include <memory>
#include <mutex>
#include <thread>
#include <type_traits>
#include <utility>
#include <vector>
// Export declaration to make symbols visible for dll/so
#ifdef LIBASYNC_STATIC
# define LIBASYNC_EXPORT
# define LIBASYNC_EXPORT_EXCEPTION
#else
# ifdef _WIN32
# ifdef LIBASYNC_BUILD
# define LIBASYNC_EXPORT __declspec(dllexport)
# else
# define LIBASYNC_EXPORT __declspec(dllimport)
# endif
# define LIBASYNC_EXPORT_EXCEPTION
# else
# define LIBASYNC_EXPORT __attribute__((visibility("default")))
# define LIBASYNC_EXPORT_EXCEPTION __attribute__((visibility("default")))
# endif
#endif
// Support compiling without exceptions
#ifndef LIBASYNC_NO_EXCEPTIONS
# ifdef __clang__
# if !defined(__EXCEPTIONS) || !__has_feature(cxx_exceptions)
# define LIBASYNC_NO_EXCEPTIONS
# endif
# elif defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(__EXCEPTIONS)
# define LIBASYNC_NO_EXCEPTIONS
# elif defined(_MSC_VER) && defined(_HAS_EXCEPTIONS) && !_HAS_EXCEPTIONS
# define LIBASYNC_NO_EXCEPTIONS
# endif
#endif
#ifdef LIBASYNC_NO_EXCEPTIONS
# define LIBASYNC_THROW(...) std::abort()
# define LIBASYNC_RETHROW() do {} while (false)
# define LIBASYNC_RETHROW_EXCEPTION(except) std::terminate()
# define LIBASYNC_TRY if (true)
# define LIBASYNC_CATCH(...) else if (false)
#else
# define LIBASYNC_THROW(...) throw __VA_ARGS__
# define LIBASYNC_RETHROW() throw
# define LIBASYNC_RETHROW_EXCEPTION(except) std::rethrow_exception(except)
# define LIBASYNC_TRY try
# define LIBASYNC_CATCH(...) catch (__VA_ARGS__)
#endif
// Optional debug assertions. If exceptions are enabled then use those, but
// otherwise fall back to an assert message.
#ifndef NDEBUG
# ifndef LIBASYNC_NO_EXCEPTIONS
# define LIBASYNC_ASSERT(pred, except, message) ((pred) ? ((void)0) : throw except(message))
# else
# define LIBASYNC_ASSERT(pred, except, message) ((pred) ? ((void)0) : assert(message))
# endif
#else
# define LIBASYNC_ASSERT(pred, except, message) ((void)0)
#endif
// Annotate move constructors and move assignment with noexcept to allow objects
// to be moved if they are in containers. Compilers which don't support noexcept
// will usually move regardless.
#if defined(__GNUC__) || _MSC_VER >= 1900
# define LIBASYNC_NOEXCEPT noexcept
#else
# define LIBASYNC_NOEXCEPT throw()
#endif
// Cacheline alignment to avoid false sharing between different threads
#define LIBASYNC_CACHELINE_SIZE 64
#ifdef __GNUC__
# define LIBASYNC_CACHELINE_ALIGN __attribute__((aligned(LIBASYNC_CACHELINE_SIZE)))
#elif defined(_MSC_VER)
# define LIBASYNC_CACHELINE_ALIGN __declspec(align(LIBASYNC_CACHELINE_SIZE))
#else
# define LIBASYNC_CACHELINE_ALIGN alignas(LIBASYNC_CACHELINE_SIZE)
#endif
// Force symbol visibility to hidden unless explicity exported
#ifndef LIBASYNC_STATIC
#if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(_WIN32)
# pragma GCC visibility push(hidden)
#endif
#endif
// Some forward declarations
namespace async {
template<typename Result>
class task;
template<typename Result>
class shared_task;
template<typename Result>
class event_task;
} // namespace async
// Include sub-headers
#include "async++/traits.h"
#include "async++/aligned_alloc.h"
#include "async++/ref_count.h"
#include "async++/scheduler_fwd.h"
#include "async++/continuation_vector.h"
#include "async++/task_base.h"
#include "async++/scheduler.h"
#include "async++/task.h"
#include "async++/when_all_any.h"
#include "async++/cancel.h"
#include "async++/range.h"
#include "async++/partitioner.h"
#include "async++/parallel_invoke.h"
#include "async++/parallel_for.h"
#include "async++/parallel_reduce.h"
#ifndef LIBASYNC_STATIC
#if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(_WIN32)
# pragma GCC visibility pop
#endif
#endif
#endif

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// Copyright (c) 2015 Amanieu d'Antras
//
// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
// of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
// in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
// to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
// copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
// furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
//
// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
// all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
//
// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
// AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
// OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
// THE SOFTWARE.
namespace async {
namespace detail {
// Allocate an aligned block of memory
LIBASYNC_EXPORT void* aligned_alloc(std::size_t size, std::size_t align);
// Free an aligned block of memory
LIBASYNC_EXPORT void aligned_free(void* addr) LIBASYNC_NOEXCEPT;
// Class representing an aligned array and its length
template<typename T, std::size_t Align = std::alignment_of<T>::value>
class aligned_array {
std::size_t length;
T* ptr;
public:
aligned_array()
: length(0), ptr(nullptr) {}
aligned_array(std::nullptr_t)
: length(0), ptr(nullptr) {}
explicit aligned_array(std::size_t length_)
: length(length_)
{
ptr = static_cast<T*>(aligned_alloc(length * sizeof(T), Align));
std::size_t i;
LIBASYNC_TRY {
for (i = 0; i < length; i++)
new(ptr + i) T;
} LIBASYNC_CATCH(...) {
for (std::size_t j = 0; j < i; j++)
ptr[i].~T();
aligned_free(ptr);
LIBASYNC_RETHROW();
}
}
aligned_array(aligned_array&& other) LIBASYNC_NOEXCEPT
: length(other.length), ptr(other.ptr)
{
other.ptr = nullptr;
other.length = 0;
}
aligned_array& operator=(aligned_array&& other) LIBASYNC_NOEXCEPT
{
aligned_array(std::move(*this));
std::swap(ptr, other.ptr);
std::swap(length, other.length);
return *this;
}
aligned_array& operator=(std::nullptr_t)
{
return *this = aligned_array();
}
~aligned_array()
{
for (std::size_t i = 0; i < length; i++)
ptr[i].~T();
aligned_free(ptr);
}
T& operator[](std::size_t i) const
{
return ptr[i];
}
std::size_t size() const
{
return length;
}
T* get() const
{
return ptr;
}
explicit operator bool() const
{
return ptr != nullptr;
}
};
} // namespace detail
} // namespace async

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// Copyright (c) 2015 Amanieu d'Antras
//
// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
// of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
// in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
// to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
// copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
// furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
//
// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
// all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
//
// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
// AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
// OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
// THE SOFTWARE.
#ifndef ASYNCXX_H_
# error "Do not include this header directly, include <async++.h> instead."
#endif
namespace async {
// Exception thrown by cancel_current_task()
struct LIBASYNC_EXPORT_EXCEPTION task_canceled {};
// A flag which can be used to request cancellation
class cancellation_token {
std::atomic<bool> state;
public:
cancellation_token()
: state(false) {}
// Non-copyable and non-movable
cancellation_token(const cancellation_token&) = delete;
cancellation_token& operator=(const cancellation_token&) = delete;
bool is_canceled() const
{
bool s = state.load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
if (s)
std::atomic_thread_fence(std::memory_order_acquire);
return s;
}
void cancel()
{
state.store(true, std::memory_order_release);
}
void reset()
{
state.store(false, std::memory_order_relaxed);
}
};
// Interruption point, throws task_canceled if the specified token is set.
inline void interruption_point(const cancellation_token& token)
{
if (token.is_canceled())
LIBASYNC_THROW(task_canceled());
}
} // namespace async

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// Copyright (c) 2015 Amanieu d'Antras
//
// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
// of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
// in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
// to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
// copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
// furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
//
// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
// all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
//
// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
// AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
// OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
// THE SOFTWARE.
#ifndef ASYNCXX_H_
# error "Do not include this header directly, include <async++.h> instead."
#endif
namespace async {
namespace detail {
// Compress the flags in the low bits of the pointer if the structures are
// suitably aligned. Fall back to a separate flags variable otherwise.
template<std::uintptr_t Mask, bool Enable>
class compressed_ptr {
void* ptr;
std::uintptr_t flags;
public:
compressed_ptr() = default;
compressed_ptr(void* ptr_, std::uintptr_t flags_)
: ptr(ptr_), flags(flags_) {}
template<typename T>
T* get_ptr() const
{
return static_cast<T*>(ptr);
}
std::uintptr_t get_flags() const
{
return flags;
}
void set_ptr(void* p)
{
ptr = p;
}
void set_flags(std::uintptr_t f)
{
flags = f;
}
};
template<std::uintptr_t Mask>
class compressed_ptr<Mask, true> {
std::uintptr_t data;
public:
compressed_ptr() = default;
compressed_ptr(void* ptr_, std::uintptr_t flags_)
: data(reinterpret_cast<std::uintptr_t>(ptr_) | flags_) {}
template<typename T>
T* get_ptr() const
{
return reinterpret_cast<T*>(data & ~Mask);
}
std::uintptr_t get_flags() const
{
return data & Mask;
}
void set_ptr(void* p)
{
data = reinterpret_cast<std::uintptr_t>(p) | (data & Mask);
}
void set_flags(std::uintptr_t f)
{
data = (data & ~Mask) | f;
}
};
// Thread-safe vector of task_ptr which is optimized for the common case of
// only having a single continuation.
class continuation_vector {
// Heap-allocated data for the slow path
struct vector_data {
std::vector<task_base*> vector;
std::mutex lock;
};
// Flags to describe the state of the vector
enum flags {
// If set, no more changes are allowed to internal_data
is_locked = 1,
// If set, the pointer is a vector_data* instead of a task_base*. If
// there are 0 or 1 elements in the vector, the task_base* form is used.
is_vector = 2
};
static const std::uintptr_t flags_mask = 3;
// Embed the two bits in the data if they are suitably aligned. We only
// check the alignment of vector_data here because task_base isn't defined
// yet. Since we align task_base to LIBASYNC_CACHELINE_SIZE just use that.
typedef compressed_ptr<flags_mask, (LIBASYNC_CACHELINE_SIZE & flags_mask) == 0 &&
(std::alignment_of<vector_data>::value & flags_mask) == 0> internal_data;
// All changes to the internal data are atomic
std::atomic<internal_data> atomic_data;
public:
// Start unlocked with zero elements in the fast path
continuation_vector()
{
// Workaround for a bug in certain versions of clang with libc++
// error: no viable conversion from 'async::detail::compressed_ptr<3, true>' to '_Atomic(async::detail::compressed_ptr<3, true>)'
atomic_data.store(internal_data(nullptr, 0), std::memory_order_relaxed);
}
// Free any left over data
~continuation_vector()
{
// Converting to task_ptr instead of using remove_ref because task_base
// isn't defined yet at this point.
internal_data data = atomic_data.load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
if (data.get_flags() & flags::is_vector) {
// No need to lock the mutex, we are the only thread at this point
for (task_base* i: data.get_ptr<vector_data>()->vector)
(task_ptr(i));
delete data.get_ptr<vector_data>();
} else {
// If the data is locked then the inline pointer is already gone
if (!(data.get_flags() & flags::is_locked))
task_ptr tmp(data.get_ptr<task_base>());
}
}
// Try adding an element to the vector. This fails and returns false if
// the vector has been locked. In that case t is not modified.
bool try_add(task_ptr&& t)
{
// Cache to avoid re-allocating vector_data multiple times. This is
// automatically freed if it is not successfully saved to atomic_data.
std::unique_ptr<vector_data> vector;
// Compare-exchange loop on atomic_data
internal_data data = atomic_data.load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
internal_data new_data;
do {
// Return immediately if the vector is locked
if (data.get_flags() & flags::is_locked)
return false;
if (data.get_flags() & flags::is_vector) {
// Larger vectors use a mutex, so grab the lock
std::atomic_thread_fence(std::memory_order_acquire);
std::lock_guard<std::mutex> locked(data.get_ptr<vector_data>()->lock);
// We need to check again if the vector has been locked here
// to avoid a race condition with flush_and_lock
if (atomic_data.load(std::memory_order_relaxed).get_flags() & flags::is_locked)
return false;
// Add the element to the vector and return
data.get_ptr<vector_data>()->vector.push_back(t.release());
return true;
} else {
if (data.get_ptr<task_base>()) {
// Going from 1 to 2 elements, allocate a vector_data
if (!vector)
vector.reset(new vector_data{{data.get_ptr<task_base>(), t.get()}, {}});
new_data = {vector.get(), flags::is_vector};
} else {
// Going from 0 to 1 elements
new_data = {t.get(), 0};
}
}
} while (!atomic_data.compare_exchange_weak(data, new_data, std::memory_order_release, std::memory_order_relaxed));
// If we reach this point then atomic_data was successfully changed.
// Since the pointers are now saved in the vector, release them from
// the smart pointers.
t.release();
vector.release();
return true;
}
// Lock the vector and flush all elements through the given function
template<typename Func> void flush_and_lock(Func&& func)
{
// Try to lock the vector using a compare-exchange loop
internal_data data = atomic_data.load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
internal_data new_data;
do {
new_data = data;
new_data.set_flags(data.get_flags() | flags::is_locked);
} while (!atomic_data.compare_exchange_weak(data, new_data, std::memory_order_acquire, std::memory_order_relaxed));
if (data.get_flags() & flags::is_vector) {
// If we are using vector_data, lock it and flush all elements
std::lock_guard<std::mutex> locked(data.get_ptr<vector_data>()->lock);
for (auto i: data.get_ptr<vector_data>()->vector)
func(task_ptr(i));
// Clear the vector to save memory. Note that we don't actually free
// the vector_data here because other threads may still be using it.
// This isn't a very significant cost since multiple continuations
// are relatively rare.
data.get_ptr<vector_data>()->vector.clear();
} else {
// If there is an inline element, just pass it on
if (data.get_ptr<task_base>())
func(task_ptr(data.get_ptr<task_base>()));
}
}
};
} // namespace detail
} // namespace async

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// Copyright (c) 2015 Amanieu d'Antras
//
// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
// of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
// in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
// to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
// copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
// furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
//
// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
// all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
//
// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
// AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
// OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
// THE SOFTWARE.
#ifndef ASYNCXX_H_
# error "Do not include this header directly, include <async++.h> instead."
#endif
namespace async {
namespace detail {
// Internal implementation of parallel_for that only accepts a partitioner
// argument.
template<typename Sched, typename Partitioner, typename Func>
void internal_parallel_for(Sched& sched, Partitioner partitioner, const Func& func)
{
// Split the partition, run inline if no more splits are possible
auto subpart = partitioner.split();
if (subpart.begin() == subpart.end()) {
for (auto&& i: partitioner)
func(std::forward<decltype(i)>(i));
return;
}
// Run the function over each half in parallel
auto&& t = async::local_spawn(sched, [&sched, &subpart, &func] {
detail::internal_parallel_for(sched, std::move(subpart), func);
});
detail::internal_parallel_for(sched, std::move(partitioner), func);
t.get();
}
} // namespace detail
// Run a function for each element in a range
template<typename Sched, typename Range, typename Func>
void parallel_for(Sched& sched, Range&& range, const Func& func)
{
detail::internal_parallel_for(sched, async::to_partitioner(std::forward<Range>(range)), func);
}
// Overload with default scheduler
template<typename Range, typename Func>
void parallel_for(Range&& range, const Func& func)
{
async::parallel_for(::async::default_scheduler(), range, func);
}
// Overloads with std::initializer_list
template<typename Sched, typename T, typename Func>
void parallel_for(Sched& sched, std::initializer_list<T> range, const Func& func)
{
async::parallel_for(sched, async::make_range(range.begin(), range.end()), func);
}
template<typename T, typename Func>
void parallel_for(std::initializer_list<T> range, const Func& func)
{
async::parallel_for(async::make_range(range.begin(), range.end()), func);
}
} // namespace async

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// Copyright (c) 2015 Amanieu d'Antras
//
// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
// of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
// in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
// to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
// copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
// furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
//
// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
// all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
//
// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
// AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
// OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
// THE SOFTWARE.
#ifndef ASYNCXX_H_
# error "Do not include this header directly, include <async++.h> instead."
#endif
namespace async {
namespace detail {
// Recursively split the arguments so tasks are spawned in parallel
template<std::size_t Start, std::size_t Count>
struct parallel_invoke_internal {
template<typename Sched, typename Tuple>
static void run(Sched& sched, const Tuple& args)
{
auto&& t = async::local_spawn(sched, [&sched, &args] {
parallel_invoke_internal<Start + Count / 2, Count - Count / 2>::run(sched, args);
});
parallel_invoke_internal<Start, Count / 2>::run(sched, args);
t.get();
}
};
template<std::size_t Index>
struct parallel_invoke_internal<Index, 1> {
template<typename Sched, typename Tuple>
static void run(Sched&, const Tuple& args)
{
// Make sure to preserve the rvalue/lvalue-ness of the original parameter
std::forward<typename std::tuple_element<Index, Tuple>::type>(std::get<Index>(args))();
}
};
template<std::size_t Index>
struct parallel_invoke_internal<Index, 0> {
template<typename Sched, typename Tuple>
static void run(Sched&, const Tuple&) {}
};
} // namespace detail
// Run several functions in parallel, optionally using the specified scheduler.
template<typename Sched, typename... Args>
typename std::enable_if<detail::is_scheduler<Sched>::value>::type parallel_invoke(Sched& sched, Args&&... args)
{
detail::parallel_invoke_internal<0, sizeof...(Args)>::run(sched, std::forward_as_tuple(std::forward<Args>(args)...));
}
template<typename... Args>
void parallel_invoke(Args&&... args)
{
async::parallel_invoke(::async::default_scheduler(), std::forward<Args>(args)...);
}
} // namespace async

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// Copyright (c) 2015 Amanieu d'Antras
//
// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
// of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
// in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
// to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
// copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
// furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
//
// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
// all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
//
// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
// AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
// OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
// THE SOFTWARE.
#ifndef ASYNCXX_H_
# error "Do not include this header directly, include <async++.h> instead."
#endif
namespace async {
namespace detail {
// Default map function which simply passes its parameter through unmodified
struct default_map {
template<typename T>
T&& operator()(T&& x) const
{
return std::forward<T>(x);
}
};
// Internal implementation of parallel_map_reduce that only accepts a
// partitioner argument.
template<typename Sched, typename Partitioner, typename Result, typename MapFunc, typename ReduceFunc>
Result internal_parallel_map_reduce(Sched& sched, Partitioner partitioner, Result init, const MapFunc& map, const ReduceFunc& reduce)
{
// Split the partition, run inline if no more splits are possible
auto subpart = partitioner.split();
if (subpart.begin() == subpart.end()) {
Result out = init;
for (auto&& i: partitioner)
out = reduce(std::move(out), map(std::forward<decltype(i)>(i)));
return out;
}
// Run the function over each half in parallel
auto&& t = async::local_spawn(sched, [&sched, &subpart, init, &map, &reduce] {
return detail::internal_parallel_map_reduce(sched, std::move(subpart), init, map, reduce);
});
Result out = detail::internal_parallel_map_reduce(sched, std::move(partitioner), init, map, reduce);
return reduce(std::move(out), t.get());
}
} // namespace detail
// Run a function for each element in a range and then reduce the results of that function to a single value
template<typename Sched, typename Range, typename Result, typename MapFunc, typename ReduceFunc>
Result parallel_map_reduce(Sched& sched, Range&& range, Result init, const MapFunc& map, const ReduceFunc& reduce)
{
return detail::internal_parallel_map_reduce(sched, async::to_partitioner(std::forward<Range>(range)), init, map, reduce);
}
// Overload with default scheduler
template<typename Range, typename Result, typename MapFunc, typename ReduceFunc>
Result parallel_map_reduce(Range&& range, Result init, const MapFunc& map, const ReduceFunc& reduce)
{
return async::parallel_map_reduce(::async::default_scheduler(), range, init, map, reduce);
}
// Overloads with std::initializer_list
template<typename Sched, typename T, typename Result, typename MapFunc, typename ReduceFunc>
Result parallel_map_reduce(Sched& sched, std::initializer_list<T> range, Result init, const MapFunc& map, const ReduceFunc& reduce)
{
return async::parallel_map_reduce(sched, async::make_range(range.begin(), range.end()), init, map, reduce);
}
template<typename T, typename Result, typename MapFunc, typename ReduceFunc>
Result parallel_map_reduce(std::initializer_list<T> range, Result init, const MapFunc& map, const ReduceFunc& reduce)
{
return async::parallel_map_reduce(async::make_range(range.begin(), range.end()), init, map, reduce);
}
// Variant with identity map operation
template<typename Sched, typename Range, typename Result, typename ReduceFunc>
Result parallel_reduce(Sched& sched, Range&& range, Result init, const ReduceFunc& reduce)
{
return async::parallel_map_reduce(sched, range, init, detail::default_map(), reduce);
}
template<typename Range, typename Result, typename ReduceFunc>
Result parallel_reduce(Range&& range, Result init, const ReduceFunc& reduce)
{
return async::parallel_reduce(::async::default_scheduler(), range, init, reduce);
}
template<typename Sched, typename T, typename Result, typename ReduceFunc>
Result parallel_reduce(Sched& sched, std::initializer_list<T> range, Result init, const ReduceFunc& reduce)
{
return async::parallel_reduce(sched, async::make_range(range.begin(), range.end()), init, reduce);
}
template<typename T, typename Result, typename ReduceFunc>
Result parallel_reduce(std::initializer_list<T> range, Result init, const ReduceFunc& reduce)
{
return async::parallel_reduce(async::make_range(range.begin(), range.end()), init, reduce);
}
} // namespace async

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// Copyright (c) 2015 Amanieu d'Antras
//
// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
// of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
// in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
// to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
// copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
// furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
//
// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
// all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
//
// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
// AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
// OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
// THE SOFTWARE.
#ifndef ASYNCXX_H_
# error "Do not include this header directly, include <async++.h> instead."
#endif
namespace async {
namespace detail {
// Partitioners are essentially ranges with an extra split() function. The
// split() function returns a partitioner containing a range to be executed in a
// child task and modifies the parent partitioner's range to represent the rest
// of the original range. If the range cannot be split any more then split()
// should return an empty range.
// Detect whether a range is a partitioner
template<typename T, typename = decltype(std::declval<T>().split())>
two& is_partitioner_helper(int);
template<typename T>
one& is_partitioner_helper(...);
template<typename T>
struct is_partitioner: public std::integral_constant<bool, sizeof(is_partitioner_helper<T>(0)) - 1> {};
// Automatically determine a grain size for a sequence length
inline std::size_t auto_grain_size(std::size_t dist)
{
// Determine the grain size automatically using a heuristic
std::size_t grain = dist / (8 * hardware_concurrency());
if (grain < 1)
grain = 1;
if (grain > 2048)
grain = 2048;
return grain;
}
template<typename Iter>
class static_partitioner_impl {
Iter iter_begin, iter_end;
std::size_t grain;
public:
static_partitioner_impl(Iter begin_, Iter end_, std::size_t grain_)
: iter_begin(begin_), iter_end(end_), grain(grain_) {}
Iter begin() const
{
return iter_begin;
}
Iter end() const
{
return iter_end;
}
static_partitioner_impl split()
{
// Don't split if below grain size
std::size_t length = std::distance(iter_begin, iter_end);
static_partitioner_impl out(iter_end, iter_end, grain);
if (length <= grain)
return out;
// Split our range in half
iter_end = iter_begin;
std::advance(iter_end, (length + 1) / 2);
out.iter_begin = iter_end;
return out;
}
};
template<typename Iter>
class auto_partitioner_impl {
Iter iter_begin, iter_end;
std::size_t grain;
std::size_t num_threads;
std::thread::id last_thread;
public:
// thread_id is initialized to "no thread" and will be set on first split
auto_partitioner_impl(Iter begin_, Iter end_, std::size_t grain_)
: iter_begin(begin_), iter_end(end_), grain(grain_) {}
Iter begin() const
{
return iter_begin;
}
Iter end() const
{
return iter_end;
}
auto_partitioner_impl split()
{
// Don't split if below grain size
std::size_t length = std::distance(iter_begin, iter_end);
auto_partitioner_impl out(iter_end, iter_end, grain);
if (length <= grain)
return out;
// Check if we are in a different thread than we were before
std::thread::id current_thread = std::this_thread::get_id();
if (current_thread != last_thread)
num_threads = hardware_concurrency();
// If we only have one thread, don't split
if (num_threads <= 1)
return out;
// Split our range in half
iter_end = iter_begin;
std::advance(iter_end, (length + 1) / 2);
out.iter_begin = iter_end;
out.last_thread = current_thread;
last_thread = current_thread;
out.num_threads = num_threads / 2;
num_threads -= out.num_threads;
return out;
}
};
} // namespace detail
// A simple partitioner which splits until a grain size is reached. If a grain
// size is not specified, one is chosen automatically.
template<typename Range>
detail::static_partitioner_impl<decltype(std::begin(std::declval<Range>()))> static_partitioner(Range&& range, std::size_t grain)
{
return {std::begin(range), std::end(range), grain};
}
template<typename Range>
detail::static_partitioner_impl<decltype(std::begin(std::declval<Range>()))> static_partitioner(Range&& range)
{
std::size_t grain = detail::auto_grain_size(std::distance(std::begin(range), std::end(range)));
return {std::begin(range), std::end(range), grain};
}
// A more advanced partitioner which initially divides the range into one chunk
// for each available thread. The range is split further if a chunk gets stolen
// by a different thread.
template<typename Range>
detail::auto_partitioner_impl<decltype(std::begin(std::declval<Range>()))> auto_partitioner(Range&& range)
{
std::size_t grain = detail::auto_grain_size(std::distance(std::begin(range), std::end(range)));
return {std::begin(range), std::end(range), grain};
}
// Wrap a range in a partitioner. If the input is already a partitioner then it
// is returned unchanged. This allows parallel algorithms to accept both ranges
// and partitioners as parameters.
template<typename Partitioner>
typename std::enable_if<detail::is_partitioner<typename std::decay<Partitioner>::type>::value, Partitioner&&>::type to_partitioner(Partitioner&& partitioner)
{
return std::forward<Partitioner>(partitioner);
}
template<typename Range>
typename std::enable_if<!detail::is_partitioner<typename std::decay<Range>::type>::value, detail::auto_partitioner_impl<decltype(std::begin(std::declval<Range>()))>>::type to_partitioner(Range&& range)
{
return async::auto_partitioner(std::forward<Range>(range));
}
// Overloads with std::initializer_list
template<typename T>
detail::static_partitioner_impl<decltype(std::declval<std::initializer_list<T>>().begin())> static_partitioner(std::initializer_list<T> range)
{
return async::static_partitioner(async::make_range(range.begin(), range.end()));
}
template<typename T>
detail::static_partitioner_impl<decltype(std::declval<std::initializer_list<T>>().begin())> static_partitioner(std::initializer_list<T> range, std::size_t grain)
{
return async::static_partitioner(async::make_range(range.begin(), range.end()), grain);
}
template<typename T>
detail::auto_partitioner_impl<decltype(std::declval<std::initializer_list<T>>().begin())> auto_partitioner(std::initializer_list<T> range)
{
return async::auto_partitioner(async::make_range(range.begin(), range.end()));
}
template<typename T>
detail::auto_partitioner_impl<decltype(std::declval<std::initializer_list<T>>().begin())> to_partitioner(std::initializer_list<T> range)
{
return async::auto_partitioner(async::make_range(range.begin(), range.end()));
}
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// Copyright (c) 2015 Amanieu d'Antras
//
// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
// of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
// in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
// to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
// copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
// furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
//
// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
// all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
//
// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
// AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
// OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
// THE SOFTWARE.
#ifndef ASYNCXX_H_
# error "Do not include this header directly, include <async++.h> instead."
#endif
namespace async {
// Range type representing a pair of iterators
template<typename Iter>
class range {
Iter iter_begin, iter_end;
public:
range() = default;
range(Iter a, Iter b)
: iter_begin(a), iter_end(b) {}
Iter begin() const
{
return iter_begin;
}
Iter end() const
{
return iter_end;
}
};
// Construct a range from 2 iterators
template<typename Iter>
range<Iter> make_range(Iter begin, Iter end)
{
return {begin, end};
}
// A range of integers
template<typename T>
class int_range {
T value_begin, value_end;
static_assert(std::is_integral<T>::value, "int_range can only be used with integral types");
public:
class iterator {
T current;
explicit iterator(T a)
: current(a) {}
friend class int_range<T>;
public:
typedef T value_type;
typedef std::ptrdiff_t difference_type;
typedef iterator pointer;
typedef T reference;
typedef std::random_access_iterator_tag iterator_category;
iterator() = default;
T operator*() const
{
return current;
}
T operator[](difference_type offset) const
{
return current + offset;
}
iterator& operator++()
{
++current;
return *this;
}
iterator operator++(int)
{
return iterator(current++);
}
iterator& operator--()
{
--current;
return *this;
}
iterator operator--(int)
{
return iterator(current--);
}
iterator& operator+=(difference_type offset)
{
current += offset;
return *this;
}
iterator& operator-=(difference_type offset)
{
current -= offset;
return *this;
}
iterator operator+(difference_type offset) const
{
return iterator(current + offset);
}
iterator operator-(difference_type offset) const
{
return iterator(current - offset);
}
friend iterator operator+(difference_type offset, iterator other)
{
return other + offset;
}
friend difference_type operator-(iterator a, iterator b)
{
return a.current - b.current;
}
friend bool operator==(iterator a, iterator b)
{
return a.current == b.current;
}
friend bool operator!=(iterator a, iterator b)
{
return a.current != b.current;
}
friend bool operator>(iterator a, iterator b)
{
return a.current > b.current;
}
friend bool operator<(iterator a, iterator b)
{
return a.current < b.current;
}
friend bool operator>=(iterator a, iterator b)
{
return a.current >= b.current;
}
friend bool operator<=(iterator a, iterator b)
{
return a.current <= b.current;
}
};
int_range(T begin, T end)
: value_begin(begin), value_end(end) {}
iterator begin() const
{
return iterator(value_begin);
}
iterator end() const
{
return iterator(value_end);
}
};
// Construct an int_range between 2 values
template<typename T, typename U>
int_range<typename std::common_type<T, U>::type> irange(T begin, U end)
{
return {begin, end};
}
} // namespace async

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// Copyright (c) 2015 Amanieu d'Antras
//
// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
// of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
// in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
// to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
// copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
// furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
//
// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
// all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
//
// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
// AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
// OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
// THE SOFTWARE.
#ifndef ASYNCXX_H_
# error "Do not include this header directly, include <async++.h> instead."
#endif
namespace async {
namespace detail {
// Default deleter which just uses the delete keyword
template<typename T>
struct default_deleter {
static void do_delete(T* p)
{
delete p;
}
};
// Reference-counted object base class
template<typename T, typename Deleter = default_deleter<T>>
struct ref_count_base {
std::atomic<std::size_t> ref_count;
// By default the reference count is initialized to 1
explicit ref_count_base(std::size_t count = 1)
: ref_count(count) {}
void add_ref(std::size_t count = 1)
{
ref_count.fetch_add(count, std::memory_order_relaxed);
}
void remove_ref(std::size_t count = 1)
{
if (ref_count.fetch_sub(count, std::memory_order_release) == count) {
std::atomic_thread_fence(std::memory_order_acquire);
Deleter::do_delete(static_cast<T*>(this));
}
}
void add_ref_unlocked()
{
ref_count.store(ref_count.load(std::memory_order_relaxed) + 1, std::memory_order_relaxed);
}
bool is_unique_ref(std::memory_order order)
{
return ref_count.load(order) == 1;
}
};
// Pointer to reference counted object, based on boost::intrusive_ptr
template<typename T>
class ref_count_ptr {
T* p;
public:
// Note that this doesn't increment the reference count, instead it takes
// ownership of a pointer which you already own a reference to.
explicit ref_count_ptr(T* t)
: p(t) {}
ref_count_ptr()
: p(nullptr) {}
ref_count_ptr(std::nullptr_t)
: p(nullptr) {}
ref_count_ptr(const ref_count_ptr& other) LIBASYNC_NOEXCEPT
: p(other.p)
{
if (p)
p->add_ref();
}
ref_count_ptr(ref_count_ptr&& other) LIBASYNC_NOEXCEPT
: p(other.p)
{
other.p = nullptr;
}
ref_count_ptr& operator=(std::nullptr_t)
{
if (p)
p->remove_ref();
p = nullptr;
return *this;
}
ref_count_ptr& operator=(const ref_count_ptr& other) LIBASYNC_NOEXCEPT
{
if (p) {
p->remove_ref();
p = nullptr;
}
p = other.p;
if (p)
p->add_ref();
return *this;
}
ref_count_ptr& operator=(ref_count_ptr&& other) LIBASYNC_NOEXCEPT
{
if (p) {
p->remove_ref();
p = nullptr;
}
p = other.p;
other.p = nullptr;
return *this;
}
~ref_count_ptr()
{
if (p)
p->remove_ref();
}
T& operator*() const
{
return *p;
}
T* operator->() const
{
return p;
}
T* get() const
{
return p;
}
T* release()
{
T* out = p;
p = nullptr;
return out;
}
explicit operator bool() const
{
return p != nullptr;
}
friend bool operator==(const ref_count_ptr& a, const ref_count_ptr& b)
{
return a.p == b.p;
}
friend bool operator!=(const ref_count_ptr& a, const ref_count_ptr& b)
{
return a.p != b.p;
}
friend bool operator==(const ref_count_ptr& a, std::nullptr_t)
{
return a.p == nullptr;
}
friend bool operator!=(const ref_count_ptr& a, std::nullptr_t)
{
return a.p != nullptr;
}
friend bool operator==(std::nullptr_t, const ref_count_ptr& a)
{
return a.p == nullptr;
}
friend bool operator!=(std::nullptr_t, const ref_count_ptr& a)
{
return a.p != nullptr;
}
};
} // namespace detail
} // namespace async

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// Copyright (c) 2015 Amanieu d'Antras
//
// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
// of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
// in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
// to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
// copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
// furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
//
// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
// all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
//
// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
// AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
// OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
// THE SOFTWARE.
#ifndef ASYNCXX_H_
# error "Do not include this header directly, include <async++.h> instead."
#endif
namespace async {
// Improved version of std::hardware_concurrency:
// - It never returns 0, 1 is returned instead.
// - It is guaranteed to remain constant for the duration of the program.
LIBASYNC_EXPORT std::size_t hardware_concurrency() LIBASYNC_NOEXCEPT;
// Task handle used by a wait handler
class task_wait_handle {
detail::task_base* handle;
// Allow construction in wait_for_task()
friend LIBASYNC_EXPORT void detail::wait_for_task(detail::task_base* t);
task_wait_handle(detail::task_base* t)
: handle(t) {}
// Execution function for use by wait handlers
template<typename Func>
struct wait_exec_func: private detail::func_base<Func> {
template<typename F>
explicit wait_exec_func(F&& f)
: detail::func_base<Func>(std::forward<F>(f)) {}
void operator()(detail::task_base*)
{
// Just call the function directly, all this wrapper does is remove
// the task_base* parameter.
this->get_func()();
}
};
public:
task_wait_handle()
: handle(nullptr) {}
// Check if the handle is valid
explicit operator bool() const
{
return handle != nullptr;
}
// Check if the task has finished executing
bool ready() const
{
return detail::is_finished(handle->state.load(std::memory_order_acquire));
}
// Queue a function to be executed when the task has finished executing.
template<typename Func>
void on_finish(Func&& func)
{
// Make sure the function type is callable
static_assert(detail::is_callable<Func()>::value, "Invalid function type passed to on_finish()");
auto cont = new detail::task_func<typename std::remove_reference<decltype(inline_scheduler())>::type, wait_exec_func<typename std::decay<Func>::type>, detail::fake_void>(std::forward<Func>(func));
cont->sched = std::addressof(inline_scheduler());
handle->add_continuation(inline_scheduler(), detail::task_ptr(cont));
}
};
// Wait handler function prototype
typedef void (*wait_handler)(task_wait_handle t);
// Set a wait handler to control what a task does when it has "free time", which
// is when it is waiting for another task to complete. The wait handler can do
// other work, but should return when it detects that the task has completed.
// The previously installed handler is returned.
LIBASYNC_EXPORT wait_handler set_thread_wait_handler(wait_handler w) LIBASYNC_NOEXCEPT;
// Exception thrown if a task_run_handle is destroyed without being run
struct LIBASYNC_EXPORT_EXCEPTION task_not_executed {};
// Task handle used in scheduler, acts as a unique_ptr to a task object
class task_run_handle {
detail::task_ptr handle;
// Allow construction in schedule_task()
template<typename Sched>
friend void detail::schedule_task(Sched& sched, detail::task_ptr t);
explicit task_run_handle(detail::task_ptr t)
: handle(std::move(t)) {}
public:
// Movable but not copyable
task_run_handle() = default;
task_run_handle(task_run_handle&& other) LIBASYNC_NOEXCEPT
: handle(std::move(other.handle)) {}
task_run_handle& operator=(task_run_handle&& other) LIBASYNC_NOEXCEPT
{
handle = std::move(other.handle);
return *this;
}
// If the task is not executed, cancel it with an exception
~task_run_handle()
{
if (handle)
handle->vtable->cancel(handle.get(), std::make_exception_ptr(task_not_executed()));
}
// Check if the handle is valid
explicit operator bool() const
{
return handle != nullptr;
}
// Run the task and release the handle
void run()
{
handle->vtable->run(handle.get());
handle = nullptr;
}
// Run the task but run the given wait handler when waiting for a task,
// instead of just sleeping.
void run_with_wait_handler(wait_handler handler)
{
wait_handler old = set_thread_wait_handler(handler);
run();
set_thread_wait_handler(old);
}
// Conversion to and from void pointer. This allows the task handle to be
// sent through C APIs which don't preserve types.
void* to_void_ptr()
{
return handle.release();
}
static task_run_handle from_void_ptr(void* ptr)
{
return task_run_handle(detail::task_ptr(static_cast<detail::task_base*>(ptr)));
}
};
namespace detail {
// Schedule a task for execution using its scheduler
template<typename Sched>
void schedule_task(Sched& sched, task_ptr t)
{
static_assert(is_scheduler<Sched>::value, "Type is not a valid scheduler");
sched.schedule(task_run_handle(std::move(t)));
}
// Inline scheduler implementation
inline void inline_scheduler_impl::schedule(task_run_handle t)
{
t.run();
}
} // namespace detail
} // namespace async

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// Copyright (c) 2015 Amanieu d'Antras
//
// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
// of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
// in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
// to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
// copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
// furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
//
// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
// all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
//
// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
// AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
// OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
// THE SOFTWARE.
#ifndef ASYNCXX_H_
# error "Do not include this header directly, include <async++.h> instead."
#endif
namespace async {
// Forward declarations
class task_run_handle;
class threadpool_scheduler;
// Scheduler interface:
// A scheduler is any type that implements this function:
// void schedule(async::task_run_handle t);
// This function should result in t.run() being called at some future point.
namespace detail {
// Detect whether an object is a scheduler
template<typename T, typename = decltype(std::declval<T>().schedule(std::declval<task_run_handle>()))>
two& is_scheduler_helper(int);
template<typename T>
one& is_scheduler_helper(...);
template<typename T>
struct is_scheduler: public std::integral_constant<bool, sizeof(is_scheduler_helper<T>(0)) - 1> {};
// Singleton scheduler classes
class thread_scheduler_impl {
public:
LIBASYNC_EXPORT static void schedule(task_run_handle t);
};
class inline_scheduler_impl {
public:
static void schedule(task_run_handle t);
};
// Reference counted pointer to task data
struct task_base;
typedef ref_count_ptr<task_base> task_ptr;
// Helper function to schedule a task using a scheduler
template<typename Sched>
void schedule_task(Sched& sched, task_ptr t);
// Wait for the given task to finish. This will call the wait handler currently
// active for this thread, which causes the thread to sleep by default.
LIBASYNC_EXPORT void wait_for_task(task_base* wait_task);
// Forward-declaration for data used by threadpool_scheduler
struct threadpool_data;
} // namespace detail
// Run a task in the current thread as soon as it is scheduled
inline detail::inline_scheduler_impl& inline_scheduler()
{
static detail::inline_scheduler_impl instance;
return instance;
}
// Run a task in a separate thread. Note that this scheduler does not wait for
// threads to finish at process exit. You must ensure that all threads finish
// before ending the process.
inline detail::thread_scheduler_impl& thread_scheduler()
{
static detail::thread_scheduler_impl instance;
return instance;
}
// Built-in thread pool scheduler with a size that is configurable from the
// LIBASYNC_NUM_THREADS environment variable. If that variable does not exist
// then the number of CPUs in the system is used instead.
LIBASYNC_EXPORT threadpool_scheduler& default_threadpool_scheduler();
// Default scheduler that is used when one isn't specified. This defaults to
// default_threadpool_scheduler(), but can be overriden by defining
// LIBASYNC_CUSTOM_DEFAULT_SCHEDULER before including async++.h. Keep in mind
// that in that case async::default_scheduler should be declared before
// including async++.h.
#ifndef LIBASYNC_CUSTOM_DEFAULT_SCHEDULER
inline threadpool_scheduler& default_scheduler()
{
return default_threadpool_scheduler();
}
#endif
// Scheduler that holds a list of tasks which can then be explicitly executed
// by a thread. Both adding and running tasks are thread-safe operations.
class fifo_scheduler {
struct internal_data;
std::unique_ptr<internal_data> impl;
public:
LIBASYNC_EXPORT fifo_scheduler();
LIBASYNC_EXPORT ~fifo_scheduler();
// Add a task to the queue
LIBASYNC_EXPORT void schedule(task_run_handle t);
// Try running one task from the queue. Returns false if the queue was empty.
LIBASYNC_EXPORT bool try_run_one_task();
// Run all tasks in the queue
LIBASYNC_EXPORT void run_all_tasks();
};
// Scheduler that runs tasks in a work-stealing thread pool of the given size.
// Note that destroying the thread pool before all tasks have completed may
// result in some tasks not being executed.
class threadpool_scheduler {
std::unique_ptr<detail::threadpool_data> impl;
public:
LIBASYNC_EXPORT threadpool_scheduler(threadpool_scheduler&& other);
// Create a thread pool with the given number of threads
LIBASYNC_EXPORT threadpool_scheduler(std::size_t num_threads);
// Create a thread pool with the given number of threads. Call `prerun`
// function before execution loop and `postrun` after.
LIBASYNC_EXPORT threadpool_scheduler(std::size_t num_threads,
std::function<void()>&& prerun_,
std::function<void()>&& postrun_);
// Destroy the thread pool, tasks that haven't been started are dropped
LIBASYNC_EXPORT ~threadpool_scheduler();
// Schedule a task to be run in the thread pool
LIBASYNC_EXPORT void schedule(task_run_handle t);
};
namespace detail {
// Work-around for Intel compiler handling decltype poorly in function returns
typedef std::remove_reference<decltype(::async::default_scheduler())>::type default_scheduler_type;
} // namespace detail
} // namespace async

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// Copyright (c) 2015 Amanieu d'Antras
//
// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
// of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
// in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
// to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
// copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
// furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
//
// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
// all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
//
// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
// AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
// OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
// THE SOFTWARE.
#ifndef ASYNCXX_H_
# error "Do not include this header directly, include <async++.h> instead."
#endif
namespace async {
// Exception thrown when an event_task is destroyed without setting a value
struct LIBASYNC_EXPORT_EXCEPTION abandoned_event_task {};
namespace detail {
// Common code for task and shared_task
template<typename Result>
class basic_task {
// Reference counted internal task object
detail::task_ptr internal_task;
// Real result type, with void turned into fake_void
typedef typename void_to_fake_void<Result>::type internal_result;
// Type-specific task object
typedef task_result<internal_result> internal_task_type;
// Friend access
friend async::task<Result>;
friend async::shared_task<Result>;
template<typename T>
friend typename T::internal_task_type* get_internal_task(const T& t);
template<typename T>
friend void set_internal_task(T& t, task_ptr p);
// Common code for get()
void get_internal() const
{
LIBASYNC_ASSERT(internal_task, std::invalid_argument, "Use of empty task object");
// If the task was canceled, throw the associated exception
get_internal_task(*this)->wait_and_throw();
}
// Common code for then()
template<typename Sched, typename Func, typename Parent>
typename continuation_traits<Parent, Func>::task_type then_internal(Sched& sched, Func&& f, Parent&& parent) const
{
LIBASYNC_ASSERT(internal_task, std::invalid_argument, "Use of empty task object");
// Save a copy of internal_task because it might get moved into exec_func
task_base* my_internal = internal_task.get();
// Create continuation
typedef continuation_traits<Parent, Func> traits;
typedef typename void_to_fake_void<typename traits::task_type::result_type>::type cont_internal_result;
typedef continuation_exec_func<Sched, typename std::decay<Parent>::type, cont_internal_result, typename traits::decay_func, typename traits::is_value_cont, is_task<typename traits::result_type>::value> exec_func;
typename traits::task_type cont;
set_internal_task(cont, task_ptr(new task_func<Sched, exec_func, cont_internal_result>(std::forward<Func>(f), std::forward<Parent>(parent))));
// Add the continuation to this task
// Avoid an expensive ref-count modification since the task isn't shared yet
get_internal_task(cont)->add_ref_unlocked();
get_internal_task(cont)->sched = std::addressof(sched);
my_internal->add_continuation(sched, task_ptr(get_internal_task(cont)));
return cont;
}
public:
// Task result type
typedef Result result_type;
// Check if this task is not empty
bool valid() const
{
return internal_task != nullptr;
}
// Query whether the task has finished executing
bool ready() const
{
LIBASYNC_ASSERT(internal_task, std::invalid_argument, "Use of empty task object");
return internal_task->ready();
}
// Query whether the task has been canceled with an exception
bool canceled() const
{
LIBASYNC_ASSERT(internal_task, std::invalid_argument, "Use of empty task object");
return internal_task->state.load(std::memory_order_acquire) == task_state::canceled;
}
// Wait for the task to complete
void wait() const
{
LIBASYNC_ASSERT(internal_task, std::invalid_argument, "Use of empty task object");
internal_task->wait();
}
// Get the exception associated with a canceled task
std::exception_ptr get_exception() const
{
LIBASYNC_ASSERT(internal_task, std::invalid_argument, "Use of empty task object");
if (internal_task->wait() == task_state::canceled)
return get_internal_task(*this)->get_exception();
else
return std::exception_ptr();
}
};
// Common code for event_task specializations
template<typename Result>
class basic_event {
// Reference counted internal task object
detail::task_ptr internal_task;
// Real result type, with void turned into fake_void
typedef typename detail::void_to_fake_void<Result>::type internal_result;
// Type-specific task object
typedef detail::task_result<internal_result> internal_task_type;
// Friend access
friend async::event_task<Result>;
template<typename T>
friend typename T::internal_task_type* get_internal_task(const T& t);
// Common code for set()
template<typename T>
bool set_internal(T&& result) const
{
LIBASYNC_ASSERT(internal_task, std::invalid_argument, "Use of empty event_task object");
// Only allow setting the value once
detail::task_state expected = detail::task_state::pending;
if (!internal_task->state.compare_exchange_strong(expected, detail::task_state::locked, std::memory_order_acquire, std::memory_order_relaxed))
return false;
LIBASYNC_TRY {
// Store the result and finish
get_internal_task(*this)->set_result(std::forward<T>(result));
internal_task->finish();
} LIBASYNC_CATCH(...) {
// At this point we have already committed to setting a value, so
// we can't return the exception to the caller. If we did then it
// could cause concurrent set() calls to fail, thinking a value has
// already been set. Instead, we simply cancel the task with the
// exception we just got.
get_internal_task(*this)->cancel_base(std::current_exception());
}
return true;
}
public:
// Movable but not copyable
basic_event(basic_event&& other) LIBASYNC_NOEXCEPT
: internal_task(std::move(other.internal_task)) {}
basic_event& operator=(basic_event&& other) LIBASYNC_NOEXCEPT
{
internal_task = std::move(other.internal_task);
return *this;
}
// Main constructor
basic_event()
: internal_task(new internal_task_type)
{
internal_task->event_task_got_task = false;
}
// Cancel events if they are destroyed before they are set
~basic_event()
{
// This check isn't thread-safe but set_exception does a proper check
if (internal_task && !internal_task->ready() && !internal_task->is_unique_ref(std::memory_order_relaxed)) {
#ifdef LIBASYNC_NO_EXCEPTIONS
// This will result in an abort if the task result is read
set_exception(std::exception_ptr());
#else
set_exception(std::make_exception_ptr(abandoned_event_task()));
#endif
}
}
// Get the task linked to this event. This can only be called once.
task<Result> get_task()
{
LIBASYNC_ASSERT(internal_task, std::invalid_argument, "Use of empty event_task object");
LIBASYNC_ASSERT(!internal_task->event_task_got_task, std::logic_error, "get_task() called twice on event_task");
// Even if we didn't trigger an assert, don't return a task if one has
// already been returned.
task<Result> out;
if (!internal_task->event_task_got_task)
set_internal_task(out, internal_task);
internal_task->event_task_got_task = true;
return out;
}
// Cancel the event with an exception and cancel continuations
bool set_exception(std::exception_ptr except) const
{
LIBASYNC_ASSERT(internal_task, std::invalid_argument, "Use of empty event_task object");
// Only allow setting the value once
detail::task_state expected = detail::task_state::pending;
if (!internal_task->state.compare_exchange_strong(expected, detail::task_state::locked, std::memory_order_acquire, std::memory_order_relaxed))
return false;
// Cancel the task
get_internal_task(*this)->cancel_base(std::move(except));
return true;
}
};
} // namespace detail
template<typename Result>
class task: public detail::basic_task<Result> {
public:
// Movable but not copyable
task() = default;
task(task&& other) LIBASYNC_NOEXCEPT
: detail::basic_task<Result>(std::move(other)) {}
task& operator=(task&& other) LIBASYNC_NOEXCEPT
{
detail::basic_task<Result>::operator=(std::move(other));
return *this;
}
// Get the result of the task
Result get()
{
this->get_internal();
// Move the internal state pointer so that the task becomes invalid,
// even if an exception is thrown.
detail::task_ptr my_internal = std::move(this->internal_task);
return detail::fake_void_to_void(static_cast<typename task::internal_task_type*>(my_internal.get())->get_result(*this));
}
// Add a continuation to the task
template<typename Sched, typename Func>
typename detail::continuation_traits<task, Func>::task_type then(Sched& sched, Func&& f)
{
return this->then_internal(sched, std::forward<Func>(f), std::move(*this));
}
template<typename Func>
typename detail::continuation_traits<task, Func>::task_type then(Func&& f)
{
return then(::async::default_scheduler(), std::forward<Func>(f));
}
// Create a shared_task from this task
shared_task<Result> share()
{
LIBASYNC_ASSERT(this->internal_task, std::invalid_argument, "Use of empty task object");
shared_task<Result> out;
detail::set_internal_task(out, std::move(this->internal_task));
return out;
}
};
template<typename Result>
class shared_task: public detail::basic_task<Result> {
// get() return value: const Result& -or- void
typedef typename std::conditional<
std::is_void<Result>::value,
void,
typename std::add_lvalue_reference<
typename std::add_const<Result>::type
>::type
>::type get_result;
public:
// Movable and copyable
shared_task() = default;
// Get the result of the task
get_result get() const
{
this->get_internal();
return detail::fake_void_to_void(detail::get_internal_task(*this)->get_result(*this));
}
// Add a continuation to the task
template<typename Sched, typename Func>
typename detail::continuation_traits<shared_task, Func>::task_type then(Sched& sched, Func&& f) const
{
return this->then_internal(sched, std::forward<Func>(f), *this);
}
template<typename Func>
typename detail::continuation_traits<shared_task, Func>::task_type then(Func&& f) const
{
return then(::async::default_scheduler(), std::forward<Func>(f));
}
};
// Special task type which can be triggered manually rather than when a function executes.
template<typename Result>
class event_task: public detail::basic_event<Result> {
public:
// Movable but not copyable
event_task() = default;
event_task(event_task&& other) LIBASYNC_NOEXCEPT
: detail::basic_event<Result>(std::move(other)) {}
event_task& operator=(event_task&& other) LIBASYNC_NOEXCEPT
{
detail::basic_event<Result>::operator=(std::move(other));
return *this;
}
// Set the result of the task, mark it as completed and run its continuations
bool set(const Result& result) const
{
return this->set_internal(result);
}
bool set(Result&& result) const
{
return this->set_internal(std::move(result));
}
};
// Specialization for references
template<typename Result>
class event_task<Result&>: public detail::basic_event<Result&> {
public:
// Movable but not copyable
event_task() = default;
event_task(event_task&& other) LIBASYNC_NOEXCEPT
: detail::basic_event<Result&>(std::move(other)) {}
event_task& operator=(event_task&& other) LIBASYNC_NOEXCEPT
{
detail::basic_event<Result&>::operator=(std::move(other));
return *this;
}
// Set the result of the task, mark it as completed and run its continuations
bool set(Result& result) const
{
return this->set_internal(result);
}
};
// Specialization for void
template<>
class event_task<void>: public detail::basic_event<void> {
public:
// Movable but not copyable
event_task() = default;
event_task(event_task&& other) LIBASYNC_NOEXCEPT
: detail::basic_event<void>(std::move(other)) {}
event_task& operator=(event_task&& other) LIBASYNC_NOEXCEPT
{
detail::basic_event<void>::operator=(std::move(other));
return *this;
}
// Set the result of the task, mark it as completed and run its continuations
bool set()
{
return this->set_internal(detail::fake_void());
}
};
// Task type returned by local_spawn()
template<typename Sched, typename Func>
class local_task {
// Make sure the function type is callable
typedef typename std::decay<Func>::type decay_func;
static_assert(detail::is_callable<decay_func()>::value, "Invalid function type passed to local_spawn()");
// Task result type
typedef typename detail::remove_task<decltype(std::declval<decay_func>()())>::type result_type;
typedef typename detail::void_to_fake_void<result_type>::type internal_result;
// Task execution function type
typedef detail::root_exec_func<Sched, internal_result, decay_func, detail::is_task<decltype(std::declval<decay_func>()())>::value> exec_func;
// Task object embedded directly. The ref-count is initialized to 1 so it
// will never be freed using delete, only when the local_task is destroyed.
detail::task_func<Sched, exec_func, internal_result> internal_task;
// Friend access for local_spawn
template<typename S, typename F>
friend local_task<S, F> local_spawn(S& sched, F&& f);
template<typename F>
friend local_task<detail::default_scheduler_type, F> local_spawn(F&& f);
// Constructor, used by local_spawn
local_task(Sched& sched, Func&& f)
: internal_task(std::forward<Func>(f))
{
// Avoid an expensive ref-count modification since the task isn't shared yet
internal_task.add_ref_unlocked();
detail::schedule_task(sched, detail::task_ptr(&internal_task));
}
public:
// Non-movable and non-copyable
local_task(const local_task&) = delete;
local_task& operator=(const local_task&) = delete;
// Wait for the task to complete when destroying
~local_task()
{
wait();
// Now spin until the reference count drops to 1, since the scheduler
// may still have a reference to the task.
while (!internal_task.is_unique_ref(std::memory_order_acquire)) {
#if defined(__GLIBCXX__) && __GLIBCXX__ <= 20140612
// Some versions of libstdc++ (4.7 and below) don't include a
// definition of std::this_thread::yield().
sched_yield();
#else
std::this_thread::yield();
#endif
}
}
// Query whether the task has finished executing
bool ready() const
{
return internal_task.ready();
}
// Query whether the task has been canceled with an exception
bool canceled() const
{
return internal_task.state.load(std::memory_order_acquire) == detail::task_state::canceled;
}
// Wait for the task to complete
void wait()
{
internal_task.wait();
}
// Get the result of the task
result_type get()
{
internal_task.wait_and_throw();
return detail::fake_void_to_void(internal_task.get_result(task<result_type>()));
}
// Get the exception associated with a canceled task
std::exception_ptr get_exception() const
{
if (internal_task.wait() == detail::task_state::canceled)
return internal_task.get_exception();
else
return std::exception_ptr();
}
};
// Spawn a function asynchronously
#if (__cplusplus >= 201703L)
// Use std::invoke_result instead of std::result_of for C++17 or greater because std::result_of was deprecated in C++17 and removed in C++20
template<typename Sched, typename Func>
task<typename detail::remove_task<std::invoke_result_t<std::decay_t<Func>>>::type> spawn(Sched& sched, Func&& f)
#else
template<typename Sched, typename Func>
task<typename detail::remove_task<typename std::result_of<typename std::decay<Func>::type()>::type>::type> spawn(Sched& sched, Func&& f)
#endif
{
// Using result_of in the function return type to work around bugs in the Intel
// C++ compiler.
// Make sure the function type is callable
typedef typename std::decay<Func>::type decay_func;
static_assert(detail::is_callable<decay_func()>::value, "Invalid function type passed to spawn()");
// Create task
typedef typename detail::void_to_fake_void<typename detail::remove_task<decltype(std::declval<decay_func>()())>::type>::type internal_result;
typedef detail::root_exec_func<Sched, internal_result, decay_func, detail::is_task<decltype(std::declval<decay_func>()())>::value> exec_func;
task<typename detail::remove_task<decltype(std::declval<decay_func>()())>::type> out;
detail::set_internal_task(out, detail::task_ptr(new detail::task_func<Sched, exec_func, internal_result>(std::forward<Func>(f))));
// Avoid an expensive ref-count modification since the task isn't shared yet
detail::get_internal_task(out)->add_ref_unlocked();
detail::schedule_task(sched, detail::task_ptr(detail::get_internal_task(out)));
return out;
}
template<typename Func>
decltype(async::spawn(::async::default_scheduler(), std::declval<Func>())) spawn(Func&& f)
{
return async::spawn(::async::default_scheduler(), std::forward<Func>(f));
}
// Create a completed task containing a value
template<typename T>
task<typename std::decay<T>::type> make_task(T&& value)
{
task<typename std::decay<T>::type> out;
detail::set_internal_task(out, detail::task_ptr(new detail::task_result<typename std::decay<T>::type>));
detail::get_internal_task(out)->set_result(std::forward<T>(value));
detail::get_internal_task(out)->state.store(detail::task_state::completed, std::memory_order_relaxed);
return out;
}
template<typename T>
task<T&> make_task(std::reference_wrapper<T> value)
{
task<T&> out;
detail::set_internal_task(out, detail::task_ptr(new detail::task_result<T&>));
detail::get_internal_task(out)->set_result(value.get());
detail::get_internal_task(out)->state.store(detail::task_state::completed, std::memory_order_relaxed);
return out;
}
inline task<void> make_task()
{
task<void> out;
detail::set_internal_task(out, detail::task_ptr(new detail::task_result<detail::fake_void>));
detail::get_internal_task(out)->state.store(detail::task_state::completed, std::memory_order_relaxed);
return out;
}
// Create a canceled task containing an exception
template<typename T>
task<T> make_exception_task(std::exception_ptr except)
{
task<T> out;
detail::set_internal_task(out, detail::task_ptr(new detail::task_result<typename detail::void_to_fake_void<T>::type>));
detail::get_internal_task(out)->set_exception(std::move(except));
detail::get_internal_task(out)->state.store(detail::task_state::canceled, std::memory_order_relaxed);
return out;
}
// Spawn a very limited task which is restricted to the current function and
// joins on destruction. Because local_task is not movable, the result must
// be captured in a reference, like this:
// auto&& x = local_spawn(...);
template<typename Sched, typename Func>
#ifdef __GNUC__
__attribute__((warn_unused_result))
#endif
local_task<Sched, Func> local_spawn(Sched& sched, Func&& f)
{
// Since local_task is not movable, we construct it in-place and let the
// caller extend the lifetime of the returned object using a reference.
return {sched, std::forward<Func>(f)};
}
template<typename Func>
#ifdef __GNUC__
__attribute__((warn_unused_result))
#endif
local_task<detail::default_scheduler_type, Func> local_spawn(Func&& f)
{
return {::async::default_scheduler(), std::forward<Func>(f)};
}
} // namespace async

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@ -0,0 +1,615 @@
// Copyright (c) 2015 Amanieu d'Antras
//
// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
// of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
// in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
// to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
// copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
// furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
//
// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
// all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
//
// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
// AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
// OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
// THE SOFTWARE.
#ifndef ASYNCXX_H_
# error "Do not include this header directly, include <async++.h> instead."
#endif
namespace async {
namespace detail {
// Task states
enum class task_state: unsigned char {
pending, // Task has not completed yet
locked, // Task is locked (used by event_task to prevent double set)
unwrapped, // Task is waiting for an unwrapped task to finish
completed, // Task has finished execution and a result is available
canceled // Task has been canceled and an exception is available
};
// Determine whether a task is in a final state
inline bool is_finished(task_state s)
{
return s == task_state::completed || s == task_state::canceled;
}
// Virtual function table used to allow dynamic dispatch for task objects.
// While this is very similar to what a compiler would generate with virtual
// functions, this scheme was found to result in significantly smaller
// generated code size.
struct task_base_vtable {
// Destroy the function and result
void (*destroy)(task_base*) LIBASYNC_NOEXCEPT;
// Run the associated function
void (*run)(task_base*) LIBASYNC_NOEXCEPT;
// Cancel the task with an exception
void (*cancel)(task_base*, std::exception_ptr&&) LIBASYNC_NOEXCEPT;
// Schedule the task using its scheduler
void (*schedule)(task_base* parent, task_ptr t);
};
// Type-generic base task object
struct task_base_deleter;
struct LIBASYNC_CACHELINE_ALIGN task_base: public ref_count_base<task_base, task_base_deleter> {
// Task state
std::atomic<task_state> state;
// Whether get_task() was already called on an event_task
bool event_task_got_task;
// Vector of continuations
continuation_vector continuations;
// Virtual function table used for dynamic dispatch
const task_base_vtable* vtable;
// Use aligned memory allocation
static void* operator new(std::size_t size)
{
return aligned_alloc(size, LIBASYNC_CACHELINE_SIZE);
}
static void operator delete(void* ptr)
{
aligned_free(ptr);
}
// Initialize task state
task_base()
: state(task_state::pending) {}
// Check whether the task is ready and include an acquire barrier if it is
bool ready() const
{
return is_finished(state.load(std::memory_order_acquire));
}
// Run a single continuation
template<typename Sched>
void run_continuation(Sched& sched, task_ptr&& cont)
{
LIBASYNC_TRY {
detail::schedule_task(sched, cont);
} LIBASYNC_CATCH(...) {
// This is suboptimal, but better than letting the exception leak
cont->vtable->cancel(cont.get(), std::current_exception());
}
}
// Run all of the task's continuations after it has completed or canceled.
// The list of continuations is emptied and locked to prevent any further
// continuations from being added.
void run_continuations()
{
continuations.flush_and_lock([this](task_ptr t) {
const task_base_vtable* vtable_ptr = t->vtable;
vtable_ptr->schedule(this, std::move(t));
});
}
// Add a continuation to this task
template<typename Sched>
void add_continuation(Sched& sched, task_ptr cont)
{
// Check for task completion
task_state current_state = state.load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
if (!is_finished(current_state)) {
// Try to add the task to the continuation list. This can fail only
// if the task has just finished, in which case we run it directly.
if (continuations.try_add(std::move(cont)))
return;
}
// Otherwise run the continuation directly
std::atomic_thread_fence(std::memory_order_acquire);
run_continuation(sched, std::move(cont));
}
// Finish the task after it has been executed and the result set
void finish()
{
state.store(task_state::completed, std::memory_order_release);
run_continuations();
}
// Wait for the task to finish executing
task_state wait()
{
task_state s = state.load(std::memory_order_acquire);
if (!is_finished(s)) {
wait_for_task(this);
s = state.load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
}
return s;
}
};
// Deleter for task_ptr
struct task_base_deleter {
static void do_delete(task_base* p)
{
// Go through the vtable to delete p with its proper type
p->vtable->destroy(p);
}
};
// Result type-specific task object
template<typename Result>
struct task_result_holder: public task_base {
union {
alignas(Result) std::uint8_t result[sizeof(Result)];
alignas(std::exception_ptr) std::uint8_t except[sizeof(std::exception_ptr)];
// Scheduler that should be used to schedule this task. The scheduler
// type has been erased and is held by vtable->schedule.
void* sched;
};
template<typename T>
void set_result(T&& t)
{
new(&result) Result(std::forward<T>(t));
}
// Return a result using an lvalue or rvalue reference depending on the task
// type. The task parameter is not used, it is just there for overload resolution.
template<typename T>
Result&& get_result(const task<T>&)
{
return std::move(*reinterpret_cast<Result*>(&result));
}
template<typename T>
const Result& get_result(const shared_task<T>&)
{
return *reinterpret_cast<Result*>(&result);
}
// Destroy the result
~task_result_holder()
{
// Result is only present if the task completed successfully
if (state.load(std::memory_order_relaxed) == task_state::completed)
reinterpret_cast<Result*>(&result)->~Result();
}
};
// Specialization for references
template<typename Result>
struct task_result_holder<Result&>: public task_base {
union {
// Store as pointer internally
Result* result;
alignas(std::exception_ptr) std::uint8_t except[sizeof(std::exception_ptr)];
void* sched;
};
void set_result(Result& obj)
{
result = std::addressof(obj);
}
template<typename T>
Result& get_result(const task<T>&)
{
return *result;
}
template<typename T>
Result& get_result(const shared_task<T>&)
{
return *result;
}
};
// Specialization for void
template<>
struct task_result_holder<fake_void>: public task_base {
union {
alignas(std::exception_ptr) std::uint8_t except[sizeof(std::exception_ptr)];
void* sched;
};
void set_result(fake_void) {}
// Get the result as fake_void so that it can be passed to set_result and
// continuations
template<typename T>
fake_void get_result(const task<T>&)
{
return fake_void();
}
template<typename T>
fake_void get_result(const shared_task<T>&)
{
return fake_void();
}
};
template<typename Result>
struct task_result: public task_result_holder<Result> {
// Virtual function table for task_result
static const task_base_vtable vtable_impl;
task_result()
{
this->vtable = &vtable_impl;
}
// Destroy the exception
~task_result()
{
// Exception is only present if the task was canceled
if (this->state.load(std::memory_order_relaxed) == task_state::canceled)
reinterpret_cast<std::exception_ptr*>(&this->except)->~exception_ptr();
}
// Cancel a task with the given exception
void cancel_base(std::exception_ptr&& except_)
{
set_exception(std::move(except_));
this->state.store(task_state::canceled, std::memory_order_release);
this->run_continuations();
}
// Set the exception value of the task
void set_exception(std::exception_ptr&& except_)
{
new(&this->except) std::exception_ptr(std::move(except_));
}
// Get the exception a task was canceled with
std::exception_ptr& get_exception()
{
return *reinterpret_cast<std::exception_ptr*>(&this->except);
}
// Wait and throw the exception if the task was canceled
void wait_and_throw()
{
if (this->wait() == task_state::canceled)
LIBASYNC_RETHROW_EXCEPTION(get_exception());
}
// Delete the task using its proper type
static void destroy(task_base* t) LIBASYNC_NOEXCEPT
{
delete static_cast<task_result<Result>*>(t);
}
};
template<typename Result>
const task_base_vtable task_result<Result>::vtable_impl = {
task_result<Result>::destroy, // destroy
nullptr, // run
nullptr, // cancel
nullptr // schedule
};
// Class to hold a function object, with empty base class optimization
template<typename Func, typename = void>
struct func_base {
Func func;
template<typename F>
explicit func_base(F&& f)
: func(std::forward<F>(f)) {}
Func& get_func()
{
return func;
}
};
template<typename Func>
struct func_base<Func, typename std::enable_if<std::is_empty<Func>::value>::type> {
template<typename F>
explicit func_base(F&& f)
{
new(this) Func(std::forward<F>(f));
}
~func_base()
{
get_func().~Func();
}
Func& get_func()
{
return *reinterpret_cast<Func*>(this);
}
};
// Class to hold a function object and initialize/destroy it at any time
template<typename Func, typename = void>
struct func_holder {
alignas(Func) std::uint8_t func[sizeof(Func)];
Func& get_func()
{
return *reinterpret_cast<Func*>(&func);
}
template<typename... Args>
void init_func(Args&&... args)
{
new(&func) Func(std::forward<Args>(args)...);
}
void destroy_func()
{
get_func().~Func();
}
};
template<typename Func>
struct func_holder<Func, typename std::enable_if<std::is_empty<Func>::value>::type> {
Func& get_func()
{
return *reinterpret_cast<Func*>(this);
}
template<typename... Args>
void init_func(Args&&... args)
{
new(this) Func(std::forward<Args>(args)...);
}
void destroy_func()
{
get_func().~Func();
}
};
// Task object with an associated function object
// Using private inheritance so empty Func doesn't take up space
template<typename Sched, typename Func, typename Result>
struct task_func: public task_result<Result>, func_holder<Func> {
// Virtual function table for task_func
static const task_base_vtable vtable_impl;
template<typename... Args>
explicit task_func(Args&&... args)
{
this->vtable = &vtable_impl;
this->init_func(std::forward<Args>(args)...);
}
// Run the stored function
static void run(task_base* t) LIBASYNC_NOEXCEPT
{
LIBASYNC_TRY {
// Dispatch to execution function
static_cast<task_func<Sched, Func, Result>*>(t)->get_func()(t);
} LIBASYNC_CATCH(...) {
cancel(t, std::current_exception());
}
}
// Cancel the task
static void cancel(task_base* t, std::exception_ptr&& except) LIBASYNC_NOEXCEPT
{
// Destroy the function object when canceling since it won't be
// used anymore.
static_cast<task_func<Sched, Func, Result>*>(t)->destroy_func();
static_cast<task_func<Sched, Func, Result>*>(t)->cancel_base(std::move(except));
}
// Schedule a continuation task using its scheduler
static void schedule(task_base* parent, task_ptr t)
{
void* sched = static_cast<task_func<Sched, Func, Result>*>(t.get())->sched;
parent->run_continuation(*static_cast<Sched*>(sched), std::move(t));
}
// Free the function
~task_func()
{
// If the task hasn't completed yet, destroy the function object. Note
// that an unwrapped task has already destroyed its function object.
if (this->state.load(std::memory_order_relaxed) == task_state::pending)
this->destroy_func();
}
// Delete the task using its proper type
static void destroy(task_base* t) LIBASYNC_NOEXCEPT
{
delete static_cast<task_func<Sched, Func, Result>*>(t);
}
};
template<typename Sched, typename Func, typename Result>
const task_base_vtable task_func<Sched, Func, Result>::vtable_impl = {
task_func<Sched, Func, Result>::destroy, // destroy
task_func<Sched, Func, Result>::run, // run
task_func<Sched, Func, Result>::cancel, // cancel
task_func<Sched, Func, Result>::schedule // schedule
};
// Helper functions to access the internal_task member of a task object, which
// avoids us having to specify half of the functions in the detail namespace
// as friend. Also, internal_task is downcast to the appropriate task_result<>.
template<typename Task>
typename Task::internal_task_type* get_internal_task(const Task& t)
{
return static_cast<typename Task::internal_task_type*>(t.internal_task.get());
}
template<typename Task>
void set_internal_task(Task& t, task_ptr p)
{
t.internal_task = std::move(p);
}
// Common code for task unwrapping
template<typename Result, typename Child>
struct unwrapped_func {
explicit unwrapped_func(task_ptr t)
: parent_task(std::move(t)) {}
void operator()(Child child_task) const
{
// Forward completion state and result to parent task
task_result<Result>* parent = static_cast<task_result<Result>*>(parent_task.get());
LIBASYNC_TRY {
if (get_internal_task(child_task)->state.load(std::memory_order_relaxed) == task_state::completed) {
parent->set_result(get_internal_task(child_task)->get_result(child_task));
parent->finish();
} else {
// We don't call the generic cancel function here because
// the function of the parent task has already been destroyed.
parent->cancel_base(std::exception_ptr(get_internal_task(child_task)->get_exception()));
}
} LIBASYNC_CATCH(...) {
// If the copy/move constructor of the result threw, propagate the exception
parent->cancel_base(std::current_exception());
}
}
task_ptr parent_task;
};
template<typename Sched, typename Result, typename Func, typename Child>
void unwrapped_finish(task_base* parent_base, Child child_task)
{
// Destroy the parent task's function since it has been executed
parent_base->state.store(task_state::unwrapped, std::memory_order_relaxed);
static_cast<task_func<Sched, Func, Result>*>(parent_base)->destroy_func();
// Set up a continuation on the child to set the result of the parent
LIBASYNC_TRY {
parent_base->add_ref();
child_task.then(inline_scheduler(), unwrapped_func<Result, Child>(task_ptr(parent_base)));
} LIBASYNC_CATCH(...) {
// Use cancel_base here because the function object is already destroyed.
static_cast<task_result<Result>*>(parent_base)->cancel_base(std::current_exception());
}
}
// Execution functions for root tasks:
// - With and without task unwraping
template<typename Sched, typename Result, typename Func, bool Unwrap>
struct root_exec_func: private func_base<Func> {
template<typename F>
explicit root_exec_func(F&& f)
: func_base<Func>(std::forward<F>(f)) {}
void operator()(task_base* t)
{
static_cast<task_result<Result>*>(t)->set_result(detail::invoke_fake_void(std::move(this->get_func())));
static_cast<task_func<Sched, root_exec_func, Result>*>(t)->destroy_func();
t->finish();
}
};
template<typename Sched, typename Result, typename Func>
struct root_exec_func<Sched, Result, Func, true>: private func_base<Func> {
template<typename F>
explicit root_exec_func(F&& f)
: func_base<Func>(std::forward<F>(f)) {}
void operator()(task_base* t)
{
unwrapped_finish<Sched, Result, root_exec_func>(t, std::move(this->get_func())());
}
};
// Execution functions for continuation tasks:
// - With and without task unwraping
// - For void, value-based and task-based continuations
template<typename Sched, typename Parent, typename Result, typename Func, typename ValueCont, bool Unwrap>
struct continuation_exec_func: private func_base<Func> {
template<typename F, typename P>
continuation_exec_func(F&& f, P&& p)
: func_base<Func>(std::forward<F>(f)), parent(std::forward<P>(p)) {}
void operator()(task_base* t)
{
static_cast<task_result<Result>*>(t)->set_result(detail::invoke_fake_void(std::move(this->get_func()), std::move(parent)));
static_cast<task_func<Sched, continuation_exec_func, Result>*>(t)->destroy_func();
t->finish();
}
Parent parent;
};
template<typename Sched, typename Parent, typename Result, typename Func>
struct continuation_exec_func<Sched, Parent, Result, Func, std::true_type, false>: private func_base<Func> {
template<typename F, typename P>
continuation_exec_func(F&& f, P&& p)
: func_base<Func>(std::forward<F>(f)), parent(std::forward<P>(p)) {}
void operator()(task_base* t)
{
if (get_internal_task(parent)->state.load(std::memory_order_relaxed) == task_state::canceled)
task_func<Sched, continuation_exec_func, Result>::cancel(t, std::exception_ptr(get_internal_task(parent)->get_exception()));
else {
static_cast<task_result<Result>*>(t)->set_result(detail::invoke_fake_void(std::move(this->get_func()), get_internal_task(parent)->get_result(parent)));
static_cast<task_func<Sched, continuation_exec_func, Result>*>(t)->destroy_func();
t->finish();
}
}
Parent parent;
};
template<typename Sched, typename Parent, typename Result, typename Func>
struct continuation_exec_func<Sched, Parent, Result, Func, fake_void, false>: private func_base<Func> {
template<typename F, typename P>
continuation_exec_func(F&& f, P&& p)
: func_base<Func>(std::forward<F>(f)), parent(std::forward<P>(p)) {}
void operator()(task_base* t)
{
if (get_internal_task(parent)->state.load(std::memory_order_relaxed) == task_state::canceled)
task_func<Sched, continuation_exec_func, Result>::cancel(t, std::exception_ptr(get_internal_task(parent)->get_exception()));
else {
static_cast<task_result<Result>*>(t)->set_result(detail::invoke_fake_void(std::move(this->get_func()), fake_void()));
static_cast<task_func<Sched, continuation_exec_func, Result>*>(t)->destroy_func();
t->finish();
}
}
Parent parent;
};
template<typename Sched, typename Parent, typename Result, typename Func>
struct continuation_exec_func<Sched, Parent, Result, Func, std::false_type, true>: private func_base<Func> {
template<typename F, typename P>
continuation_exec_func(F&& f, P&& p)
: func_base<Func>(std::forward<F>(f)), parent(std::forward<P>(p)) {}
void operator()(task_base* t)
{
unwrapped_finish<Sched, Result, continuation_exec_func>(t, detail::invoke_fake_void(std::move(this->get_func()), std::move(parent)));
}
Parent parent;
};
template<typename Sched, typename Parent, typename Result, typename Func>
struct continuation_exec_func<Sched, Parent, Result, Func, std::true_type, true>: private func_base<Func> {
template<typename F, typename P>
continuation_exec_func(F&& f, P&& p)
: func_base<Func>(std::forward<F>(f)), parent(std::forward<P>(p)) {}
void operator()(task_base* t)
{
if (get_internal_task(parent)->state.load(std::memory_order_relaxed) == task_state::canceled)
task_func<Sched, continuation_exec_func, Result>::cancel(t, std::exception_ptr(get_internal_task(parent)->get_exception()));
else
unwrapped_finish<Sched, Result, continuation_exec_func>(t, detail::invoke_fake_void(std::move(this->get_func()), get_internal_task(parent)->get_result(parent)));
}
Parent parent;
};
template<typename Sched, typename Parent, typename Result, typename Func>
struct continuation_exec_func<Sched, Parent, Result, Func, fake_void, true>: private func_base<Func> {
template<typename F, typename P>
continuation_exec_func(F&& f, P&& p)
: func_base<Func>(std::forward<F>(f)), parent(std::forward<P>(p)) {}
void operator()(task_base* t)
{
if (get_internal_task(parent)->state.load(std::memory_order_relaxed) == task_state::canceled)
task_func<Sched, continuation_exec_func, Result>::cancel(t, std::exception_ptr(get_internal_task(parent)->get_exception()));
else
unwrapped_finish<Sched, Result, continuation_exec_func>(t, detail::invoke_fake_void(std::move(this->get_func()), fake_void()));
}
Parent parent;
};
} // namespace detail
} // namespace async

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// Copyright (c) 2015 Amanieu d'Antras
//
// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
// of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
// in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
// to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
// copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
// furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
//
// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
// all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
//
// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
// AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
// OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
// THE SOFTWARE.
#ifndef ASYNCXX_H_
# error "Do not include this header directly, include <async++.h> instead."
#endif
namespace async {
namespace detail {
// Pseudo-void type: it takes up no space but can be moved and copied
struct fake_void {};
template<typename T>
struct void_to_fake_void {
typedef T type;
};
template<>
struct void_to_fake_void<void> {
typedef fake_void type;
};
template<typename T>
T fake_void_to_void(T&& x)
{
return std::forward<T>(x);
}
inline void fake_void_to_void(fake_void) {}
// Check if type is a task type, used to detect task unwraping
template<typename T>
struct is_task: public std::false_type {};
template<typename T>
struct is_task<task<T>>: public std::true_type {};
template<typename T>
struct is_task<const task<T>>: public std::true_type {};
template<typename T>
struct is_task<shared_task<T>>: public std::true_type {};
template<typename T>
struct is_task<const shared_task<T>>: public std::true_type {};
// Extract the result type of a task if T is a task, otherwise just return T
template<typename T>
struct remove_task {
typedef T type;
};
template<typename T>
struct remove_task<task<T>> {
typedef T type;
};
template<typename T>
struct remove_task<const task<T>> {
typedef T type;
};
template<typename T>
struct remove_task<shared_task<T>> {
typedef T type;
};
template<typename T>
struct remove_task<const shared_task<T>> {
typedef T type;
};
// Check if a type is callable with the given arguments
typedef char one[1];
typedef char two[2];
template<typename Func, typename... Args, typename = decltype(std::declval<Func>()(std::declval<Args>()...))>
two& is_callable_helper(int);
template<typename Func, typename... Args>
one& is_callable_helper(...);
template<typename T>
struct is_callable;
template<typename Func, typename... Args>
struct is_callable<Func(Args...)>: public std::integral_constant<bool, sizeof(is_callable_helper<Func, Args...>(0)) - 1> {};
// Wrapper to run a function object with an optional parameter:
// - void returns are turned into fake_void
// - fake_void parameter will invoke the function with no arguments
template<typename Func, typename = typename std::enable_if<!std::is_void<decltype(std::declval<Func>()())>::value>::type>
decltype(std::declval<Func>()()) invoke_fake_void(Func&& f)
{
return std::forward<Func>(f)();
}
template<typename Func, typename = typename std::enable_if<std::is_void<decltype(std::declval<Func>()())>::value>::type>
fake_void invoke_fake_void(Func&& f)
{
std::forward<Func>(f)();
return fake_void();
}
template<typename Func, typename Param>
typename void_to_fake_void<decltype(std::declval<Func>()(std::declval<Param>()))>::type invoke_fake_void(Func&& f, Param&& p)
{
return detail::invoke_fake_void([&f, &p] {return std::forward<Func>(f)(std::forward<Param>(p));});
}
template<typename Func>
typename void_to_fake_void<decltype(std::declval<Func>()())>::type invoke_fake_void(Func&& f, fake_void)
{
return detail::invoke_fake_void(std::forward<Func>(f));
}
// Various properties of a continuation function
template<typename Func, typename Parent, typename = decltype(std::declval<Func>()())>
fake_void is_value_cont_helper(const Parent&, int, int);
template<typename Func, typename Parent, typename = decltype(std::declval<Func>()(std::declval<Parent>().get()))>
std::true_type is_value_cont_helper(const Parent&, int, int);
template<typename Func, typename = decltype(std::declval<Func>()())>
std::true_type is_value_cont_helper(const task<void>&, int, int);
template<typename Func, typename = decltype(std::declval<Func>()())>
std::true_type is_value_cont_helper(const shared_task<void>&, int, int);
template<typename Func, typename Parent, typename = decltype(std::declval<Func>()(std::declval<Parent>()))>
std::false_type is_value_cont_helper(const Parent&, int, ...);
template<typename Func, typename Parent>
void is_value_cont_helper(const Parent&, ...);
template<typename Parent, typename Func>
struct continuation_traits {
typedef typename std::decay<Func>::type decay_func;
typedef decltype(detail::is_value_cont_helper<decay_func>(std::declval<Parent>(), 0, 0)) is_value_cont;
static_assert(!std::is_void<is_value_cont>::value, "Parameter type for continuation function is invalid for parent task type");
typedef typename std::conditional<std::is_same<is_value_cont, fake_void>::value, fake_void, typename std::conditional<std::is_same<is_value_cont, std::true_type>::value, typename void_to_fake_void<decltype(std::declval<Parent>().get())>::type, Parent>::type>::type param_type;
typedef decltype(detail::fake_void_to_void(detail::invoke_fake_void(std::declval<decay_func>(), std::declval<param_type>()))) result_type;
typedef task<typename remove_task<result_type>::type> task_type;
};
} // namespace detail
} // namespace async

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// Copyright (c) 2015 Amanieu d'Antras
//
// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
// of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
// in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
// to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
// copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
// furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
//
// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
// all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
//
// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
// AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
// OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
// THE SOFTWARE.
#ifndef ASYNCXX_H_
# error "Do not include this header directly, include <async++.h> instead."
#endif
namespace async {
// Result type for when_any
template<typename Result>
struct when_any_result {
// Index of the task that finished first
std::size_t index;
// List of tasks that were passed in
Result tasks;
};
namespace detail {
// Shared state for when_all
template<typename Result>
struct when_all_state: public ref_count_base<when_all_state<Result>> {
event_task<Result> event;
Result result;
when_all_state(std::size_t count)
: ref_count_base<when_all_state<Result>>(count) {}
// When all references are dropped, signal the event
~when_all_state()
{
event.set(std::move(result));
}
};
// Execution functions for when_all, for ranges and tuples
template<typename Task, typename Result>
struct when_all_func_range {
std::size_t index;
ref_count_ptr<when_all_state<Result>> state;
when_all_func_range(std::size_t index_, ref_count_ptr<when_all_state<Result>> state_)
: index(index_), state(std::move(state_)) {}
// Copy the completed task object to the shared state. The event is
// automatically signaled when all references are dropped.
void operator()(Task t) const
{
state->result[index] = std::move(t);
}
};
template<std::size_t index, typename Task, typename Result>
struct when_all_func_tuple {
ref_count_ptr<when_all_state<Result>> state;
when_all_func_tuple(ref_count_ptr<when_all_state<Result>> state_)
: state(std::move(state_)) {}
// Copy the completed task object to the shared state. The event is
// automatically signaled when all references are dropped.
void operator()(Task t) const
{
std::get<index>(state->result) = std::move(t);
}
};
// Shared state for when_any
template<typename Result>
struct when_any_state: public ref_count_base<when_any_state<Result>> {
event_task<when_any_result<Result>> event;
Result result;
when_any_state(std::size_t count)
: ref_count_base<when_any_state<Result>>(count) {}
// Signal the event when the first task reaches here
void set(std::size_t i)
{
event.set({i, std::move(result)});
}
};
// Execution function for when_any
template<typename Task, typename Result>
struct when_any_func {
std::size_t index;
ref_count_ptr<when_any_state<Result>> state;
when_any_func(std::size_t index_, ref_count_ptr<when_any_state<Result>> state_)
: index(index_), state(std::move(state_)) {}
// Simply tell the state that our task has finished, it already has a copy
// of the task object.
void operator()(Task) const
{
state->set(index);
}
};
// Internal implementation of when_all for variadic arguments
template<std::size_t index, typename Result>
void when_all_variadic(when_all_state<Result>*) {}
template<std::size_t index, typename Result, typename First, typename... T>
void when_all_variadic(when_all_state<Result>* state, First&& first, T&&... tasks)
{
typedef typename std::decay<First>::type task_type;
// Add a continuation to the task
LIBASYNC_TRY {
first.then(inline_scheduler(), detail::when_all_func_tuple<index, task_type, Result>(detail::ref_count_ptr<detail::when_all_state<Result>>(state)));
} LIBASYNC_CATCH(...) {
// Make sure we don't leak memory if then() throws
state->remove_ref(sizeof...(T));
LIBASYNC_RETHROW();
}
// Add continuations to remaining tasks
detail::when_all_variadic<index + 1>(state, std::forward<T>(tasks)...);
}
// Internal implementation of when_any for variadic arguments
template<std::size_t index, typename Result>
void when_any_variadic(when_any_state<Result>*) {}
template<std::size_t index, typename Result, typename First, typename... T>
void when_any_variadic(when_any_state<Result>* state, First&& first, T&&... tasks)
{
typedef typename std::decay<First>::type task_type;
// Add a copy of the task to the results because the event may be
// set before all tasks have finished.
detail::task_base* t = detail::get_internal_task(first);
t->add_ref();
detail::set_internal_task(std::get<index>(state->result), detail::task_ptr(t));
// Add a continuation to the task
LIBASYNC_TRY {
first.then(inline_scheduler(), detail::when_any_func<task_type, Result>(index, detail::ref_count_ptr<detail::when_any_state<Result>>(state)));
} LIBASYNC_CATCH(...) {
// Make sure we don't leak memory if then() throws
state->remove_ref(sizeof...(T));
LIBASYNC_RETHROW();
}
// Add continuations to remaining tasks
detail::when_any_variadic<index + 1>(state, std::forward<T>(tasks)...);
}
} // namespace detail
// Combine a set of tasks into one task which is signaled when all specified tasks finish
template<typename Iter>
task<std::vector<typename std::decay<typename std::iterator_traits<Iter>::value_type>::type>> when_all(Iter begin, Iter end)
{
typedef typename std::decay<typename std::iterator_traits<Iter>::value_type>::type task_type;
typedef std::vector<task_type> result_type;
// Handle empty ranges
if (begin == end)
return make_task(result_type());
// Create shared state, initialized with the proper reference count
std::size_t count = std::distance(begin, end);
auto* state = new detail::when_all_state<result_type>(count);
state->result.resize(count);
auto out = state->event.get_task();
// Add a continuation to each task to add its result to the shared state
// Last task sets the event result
for (std::size_t i = 0; begin != end; i++, ++begin) {
LIBASYNC_TRY {
(*begin).then(inline_scheduler(), detail::when_all_func_range<task_type, result_type>(i, detail::ref_count_ptr<detail::when_all_state<result_type>>(state)));
} LIBASYNC_CATCH(...) {
// Make sure we don't leak memory if then() throws
state->remove_ref(std::distance(begin, end) - 1);
LIBASYNC_RETHROW();
}
}
return out;
}
// Combine a set of tasks into one task which is signaled when one of the tasks finishes
template<typename Iter>
task<when_any_result<std::vector<typename std::decay<typename std::iterator_traits<Iter>::value_type>::type>>> when_any(Iter begin, Iter end)
{
typedef typename std::decay<typename std::iterator_traits<Iter>::value_type>::type task_type;
typedef std::vector<task_type> result_type;
// Handle empty ranges
if (begin == end)
return make_task(when_any_result<result_type>());
// Create shared state, initialized with the proper reference count
std::size_t count = std::distance(begin, end);
auto* state = new detail::when_any_state<result_type>(count);
state->result.resize(count);
auto out = state->event.get_task();
// Add a continuation to each task to set the event. First one wins.
for (std::size_t i = 0; begin != end; i++, ++begin) {
// Add a copy of the task to the results because the event may be
// set before all tasks have finished.
detail::task_base* t = detail::get_internal_task(*begin);
t->add_ref();
detail::set_internal_task(state->result[i], detail::task_ptr(t));
LIBASYNC_TRY {
(*begin).then(inline_scheduler(), detail::when_any_func<task_type, result_type>(i, detail::ref_count_ptr<detail::when_any_state<result_type>>(state)));
} LIBASYNC_CATCH(...) {
// Make sure we don't leak memory if then() throws
state->remove_ref(std::distance(begin, end) - 1);
LIBASYNC_RETHROW();
}
}
return out;
}
// when_all wrapper accepting ranges
template<typename T>
decltype(async::when_all(std::begin(std::declval<T>()), std::end(std::declval<T>()))) when_all(T&& tasks)
{
return async::when_all(std::begin(std::forward<T>(tasks)), std::end(std::forward<T>(tasks)));
}
// when_any wrapper accepting ranges
template<typename T>
decltype(async::when_any(std::begin(std::declval<T>()), std::end(std::declval<T>()))) when_any(T&& tasks)
{
return async::when_any(std::begin(std::forward<T>(tasks)), std::end(std::forward<T>(tasks)));
}
// when_all with variadic arguments
inline task<std::tuple<>> when_all()
{
return async::make_task(std::tuple<>());
}
template<typename... T>
task<std::tuple<typename std::decay<T>::type...>> when_all(T&&... tasks)
{
typedef std::tuple<typename std::decay<T>::type...> result_type;
// Create shared state
auto state = new detail::when_all_state<result_type>(sizeof...(tasks));
auto out = state->event.get_task();
// Register all the tasks on the event
detail::when_all_variadic<0>(state, std::forward<T>(tasks)...);
return out;
}
// when_any with variadic arguments
inline task<when_any_result<std::tuple<>>> when_any()
{
return async::make_task(when_any_result<std::tuple<>>());
}
template<typename... T>
task<when_any_result<std::tuple<typename std::decay<T>::type...>>> when_any(T&&... tasks)
{
typedef std::tuple<typename std::decay<T>::type...> result_type;
// Create shared state
auto state = new detail::when_any_state<result_type>(sizeof...(tasks));
auto out = state->event.get_task();
// Register all the tasks on the event
detail::when_any_variadic<0>(state, std::forward<T>(tasks)...);
return out;
}
} // namespace async

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// Copyright (c) 2015 Amanieu d'Antras
//
// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
// of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
// in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
// to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
// copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
// furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
//
// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
// all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
//
// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
// AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
// OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
// THE SOFTWARE.
#ifndef ASYNCXX_H_
# error "Do not include this header directly, include <async++.h> instead."
#endif
namespace async {
namespace detail {
// Queue which holds tasks in FIFO order. Note that this queue is not
// thread-safe and must be protected by a lock.
class fifo_queue {
detail::aligned_array<void*, LIBASYNC_CACHELINE_SIZE> items;
std::size_t head, tail;
public:
fifo_queue()
: items(32), head(0), tail(0) {}
~fifo_queue()
{
// Free any unexecuted tasks
for (std::size_t i = head; i != tail; i = (i + 1) & (items.size() - 1))
task_run_handle::from_void_ptr(items[i]);
}
// Push a task to the end of the queue
void push(task_run_handle t)
{
// Resize queue if it is full
if (head == ((tail + 1) & (items.size() - 1))) {
detail::aligned_array<void*, LIBASYNC_CACHELINE_SIZE> new_items(items.size() * 2);
for (std::size_t i = 0; i != items.size(); i++)
new_items[i] = items[(i + head) & (items.size() - 1)];
head = 0;
tail = items.size() - 1;
items = std::move(new_items);
}
// Push the item
items[tail] = t.to_void_ptr();
tail = (tail + 1) & (items.size() - 1);
}
// Pop a task from the front of the queue
task_run_handle pop()
{
// See if an item is available
if (head == tail)
return task_run_handle();
else {
void* x = items[head];
head = (head + 1) & (items.size() - 1);
return task_run_handle::from_void_ptr(x);
}
}
};
} // namespace detail
} // namespace async

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// Copyright (c) 2015 Amanieu d'Antras
//
// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
// of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
// in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
// to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
// copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
// furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
//
// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
// all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
//
// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
// AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
// OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
// THE SOFTWARE.
#include <algorithm>
#include <atomic>
#include <condition_variable>
#include <cstddef>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <memory>
#include <mutex>
#include <numeric>
#include <random>
#include <thread>
#include <type_traits>
#include <vector>
#include <async++.h>
// For posix_memalign/_aligned_malloc
#ifdef _WIN32
# include <malloc.h>
# ifdef __MINGW32__
# define _aligned_malloc __mingw_aligned_malloc
# define _aligned_free __mingw_aligned_free
# endif
#else
# include <stdlib.h>
#endif
// We don't make use of dynamic TLS initialization/destruction so we can just
// use the legacy TLS attributes.
#ifdef __GNUC__
# define THREAD_LOCAL __thread
#elif defined (_MSC_VER)
# define THREAD_LOCAL __declspec(thread)
#else
# define THREAD_LOCAL thread_local
#endif
// GCC, Clang and the Linux version of the Intel compiler and MSVC 2015 support
// thread-safe initialization of function-scope static variables.
#ifdef __GNUC__
# define HAVE_THREAD_SAFE_STATIC
#elif _MSC_VER >= 1900 && !defined(__INTEL_COMPILER)
# define HAVE_THREAD_SAFE_STATIC
#endif
// MSVC deadlocks when joining a thread from a static destructor. Use a
// workaround in that case to avoid the deadlock.
#if defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER < 1900
# define BROKEN_JOIN_IN_DESTRUCTOR
#endif
// Apple's iOS has no thread local support yet. They claim that they don't want to
// introduce a binary compatility issue when they got a better implementation available.
// Luckily, pthreads supports some kind of "emulation" for that. This detects if the we
// are compiling for iOS and enables the workaround accordingly.
// It is also possible enabling it forcibly by setting the EMULATE_PTHREAD_THREAD_LOCAL
// macro. Obviously, this will only works on platforms with pthread available.
#if __APPLE__
# include "TargetConditionals.h"
# if TARGET_IPHONE_SIMULATOR || TARGET_OS_IPHONE
# define EMULATE_PTHREAD_THREAD_LOCAL
# endif
#endif
// Force symbol visibility to hidden unless explicity exported
#ifndef LIBASYNC_STATIC
#if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(_WIN32)
# pragma GCC visibility push(hidden)
#endif
#endif
// Include other internal headers
#include "singleton.h"
#include "task_wait_event.h"
#include "fifo_queue.h"
#include "work_steal_queue.h"

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// Copyright (c) 2015 Amanieu d'Antras
//
// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
// of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
// in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
// to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
// copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
// furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
//
// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
// all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
//
// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
// AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
// OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
// THE SOFTWARE.
#include "internal.h"
// for pthread thread_local emulation
#if defined(EMULATE_PTHREAD_THREAD_LOCAL)
# include <pthread.h>
#endif
namespace async {
namespace detail {
void* aligned_alloc(std::size_t size, std::size_t align)
{
#ifdef _WIN32
void* ptr = _aligned_malloc(size, align);
if (!ptr)
LIBASYNC_THROW(std::bad_alloc());
return ptr;
#else
void* result;
if (posix_memalign(&result, align, size))
LIBASYNC_THROW(std::bad_alloc());
else
return result;
#endif
}
void aligned_free(void* addr) LIBASYNC_NOEXCEPT
{
#ifdef _WIN32
_aligned_free(addr);
#else
free(addr);
#endif
}
// Wait for a task to complete (for threads outside thread pool)
static void generic_wait_handler(task_wait_handle wait_task)
{
// Create an event to wait on
task_wait_event event;
event.init();
// Create a continuation for the task we are waiting for
wait_task.on_finish([&event] {
// Just signal the thread event
event.signal(wait_type::task_finished);
});
// Wait for the event to be set
event.wait();
}
#if defined(EMULATE_PTHREAD_THREAD_LOCAL)
// Wait handler function, per-thread, defaults to generic version
struct pthread_emulation_thread_wait_handler_key_initializer {
pthread_key_t key;
pthread_emulation_thread_wait_handler_key_initializer()
{
pthread_key_create(&key, nullptr);
}
~pthread_emulation_thread_wait_handler_key_initializer()
{
pthread_key_delete(key);
}
};
static pthread_key_t get_thread_wait_handler_key()
{
static pthread_emulation_thread_wait_handler_key_initializer initializer;
return initializer.key;
}
#else
static THREAD_LOCAL wait_handler thread_wait_handler = generic_wait_handler;
#endif
static void set_thread_wait_handler(wait_handler handler)
{
#if defined(EMULATE_PTHREAD_THREAD_LOCAL)
// we need to call this here, because the pthread initializer is lazy,
// this means the it could be null and we need to set it before trying to
// get or set it
pthread_setspecific(get_thread_wait_handler_key(), reinterpret_cast<void*>(handler));
#else
thread_wait_handler = handler;
#endif
}
static wait_handler get_thread_wait_handler()
{
#if defined(EMULATE_PTHREAD_THREAD_LOCAL)
// we need to call this here, because the pthread initializer is lazy,
// this means the it could be null and we need to set it before trying to
// get or set it
wait_handler handler = (wait_handler) pthread_getspecific(get_thread_wait_handler_key());
if(handler == nullptr) {
return generic_wait_handler;
}
return handler;
#else
return thread_wait_handler;
#endif
}
// Wait for a task to complete
void wait_for_task(task_base* wait_task)
{
// Dispatch to the current thread's wait handler
wait_handler thread_wait_handler = get_thread_wait_handler();
thread_wait_handler(task_wait_handle(wait_task));
}
// The default scheduler is just a thread pool which can be configured
// using environment variables.
class default_scheduler_impl: public threadpool_scheduler {
static std::size_t get_num_threads()
{
// Get the requested number of threads from the environment
// If that fails, use the number of CPUs in the system.
std::size_t num_threads;
#ifdef _MSC_VER
char* s;
# ifdef __cplusplus_winrt
// Windows store applications do not support environment variables
s = nullptr;
# else
// MSVC gives an error when trying to use getenv, work around this
// by using _dupenv_s instead.
_dupenv_s(&s, nullptr, "LIBASYNC_NUM_THREADS");
# endif
#else
const char *s = std::getenv("LIBASYNC_NUM_THREADS");
#endif
if (s)
num_threads = std::strtoul(s, nullptr, 10);
else
num_threads = hardware_concurrency();
#if defined(_MSC_VER) && !defined(__cplusplus_winrt)
// Free the string allocated by _dupenv_s
free(s);
#endif
// Make sure the thread count is reasonable
if (num_threads < 1)
num_threads = 1;
return num_threads;
}
public:
default_scheduler_impl()
: threadpool_scheduler(get_num_threads()) {}
};
// Thread scheduler implementation
void thread_scheduler_impl::schedule(task_run_handle t)
{
// A shared_ptr is used here because not all implementations of
// std::thread support move-only objects.
std::thread([](const std::shared_ptr<task_run_handle>& t) {
t->run();
}, std::make_shared<task_run_handle>(std::move(t))).detach();
}
} // namespace detail
threadpool_scheduler& default_threadpool_scheduler()
{
return detail::singleton<detail::default_scheduler_impl>::get_instance();
}
// FIFO scheduler implementation
struct fifo_scheduler::internal_data {
detail::fifo_queue queue;
std::mutex lock;
};
fifo_scheduler::fifo_scheduler()
: impl(new internal_data) {}
fifo_scheduler::~fifo_scheduler() {}
void fifo_scheduler::schedule(task_run_handle t)
{
std::lock_guard<std::mutex> locked(impl->lock);
impl->queue.push(std::move(t));
}
bool fifo_scheduler::try_run_one_task()
{
task_run_handle t;
{
std::lock_guard<std::mutex> locked(impl->lock);
t = impl->queue.pop();
}
if (t) {
t.run();
return true;
}
return false;
}
void fifo_scheduler::run_all_tasks()
{
while (try_run_one_task()) {}
}
std::size_t hardware_concurrency() LIBASYNC_NOEXCEPT
{
// Cache the value because calculating it may be expensive
static std::size_t value = std::thread::hardware_concurrency();
// Always return at least 1 core
return value == 0 ? 1 : value;
}
wait_handler set_thread_wait_handler(wait_handler handler) LIBASYNC_NOEXCEPT
{
wait_handler old = detail::get_thread_wait_handler();
detail::set_thread_wait_handler(handler);
return old;
}
} // namespace async
#ifndef LIBASYNC_STATIC
#if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(_WIN32)
# pragma GCC visibility pop
#endif
#endif

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// Copyright (c) 2015 Amanieu d'Antras
//
// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
// of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
// in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
// to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
// copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
// furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
//
// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
// all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
//
// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
// AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
// OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
// THE SOFTWARE.
namespace async {
namespace detail {
// Thread-safe singleton wrapper class
#ifdef HAVE_THREAD_SAFE_STATIC
// C++11 guarantees thread safety for static initialization
template<typename T>
class singleton {
public:
static T& get_instance()
{
static T instance;
return instance;
}
};
#else
// Some compilers don't support thread-safe static initialization, so emulate it
template<typename T>
class singleton {
std::mutex lock;
std::atomic<bool> init_flag;
alignas(T) std::uint8_t storage[sizeof(T)];
static singleton instance;
// Use a destructor instead of atexit() because the latter does not work
// properly when the singleton is in a library that is unloaded.
~singleton()
{
if (init_flag.load(std::memory_order_acquire))
reinterpret_cast<T*>(&storage)->~T();
}
public:
static T& get_instance()
{
T* ptr = reinterpret_cast<T*>(&instance.storage);
if (!instance.init_flag.load(std::memory_order_acquire)) {
std::lock_guard<std::mutex> locked(instance.lock);
if (!instance.init_flag.load(std::memory_order_relaxed)) {
new(ptr) T;
instance.init_flag.store(true, std::memory_order_release);
}
}
return *ptr;
}
};
template<typename T> singleton<T> singleton<T>::instance;
#endif
} // namespace detail
} // namespace async

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// Copyright (c) 2015 Amanieu d'Antras
//
// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
// of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
// in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
// to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
// copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
// furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
//
// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
// all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
//
// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
// AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
// OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
// THE SOFTWARE.
namespace async {
namespace detail {
// Set of events that an task_wait_event can hold
enum wait_type {
// The task that is being waited on has completed
task_finished = 1,
// A task is available to execute from the scheduler
task_available = 2
};
// OS-supported event object which can be used to wait for either a task to
// finish or for the scheduler to have more work for the current thread.
//
// The event object is lazily initialized to avoid unnecessary API calls.
class task_wait_event {
alignas(std::mutex) std::uint8_t m[sizeof(std::mutex)];
alignas(std::condition_variable) std::uint8_t c[sizeof(std::condition_variable)];
int event_mask;
bool initialized;
std::mutex& mutex()
{
return *reinterpret_cast<std::mutex*>(&m);
}
std::condition_variable& cond()
{
return *reinterpret_cast<std::condition_variable*>(&c);
}
public:
task_wait_event()
: event_mask(0), initialized(false) {}
~task_wait_event()
{
if (initialized) {
mutex().~mutex();
cond().~condition_variable();
}
}
// Initialize the event, must be done before any other functions are called.
void init()
{
if (!initialized) {
new(&m) std::mutex;
new(&c) std::condition_variable;
initialized = true;
}
}
// Wait for an event to occur. Returns the event(s) that occurred. This also
// clears any pending events afterwards.
int wait()
{
std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mutex());
while (event_mask == 0)
cond().wait(lock);
int result = event_mask;
event_mask = 0;
return result;
}
// Check if a specific event is ready
bool try_wait(int event)
{
std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mutex());
int result = event_mask & event;
event_mask &= ~event;
return result != 0;
}
// Signal an event and wake up a sleeping thread
void signal(int event)
{
std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mutex());
event_mask |= event;
// This must be done while holding the lock otherwise we may end up with
// a use-after-free due to a race with wait().
cond().notify_one();
lock.unlock();
}
};
} // namespace detail
} // namespace async

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// Copyright (c) 2015 Amanieu d'Antras
//
// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
// of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
// in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
// to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
// copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
// furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
//
// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
// all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
//
// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
// AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
// OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
// THE SOFTWARE.
#include "internal.h"
// For GetProcAddress and GetModuleHandle
#ifdef _WIN32
#include <windows.h>
#endif
// for pthread thread_local emulation
#if defined(EMULATE_PTHREAD_THREAD_LOCAL)
# include <pthread.h>
#endif
namespace async {
namespace detail {
// Per-thread data, aligned to cachelines to avoid false sharing
struct LIBASYNC_CACHELINE_ALIGN thread_data_t {
work_steal_queue queue;
std::minstd_rand rng;
std::thread handle;
};
// Internal data used by threadpool_scheduler
struct threadpool_data {
threadpool_data(std::size_t num_threads)
: thread_data(num_threads), shutdown(false), num_waiters(0), waiters(new task_wait_event*[num_threads]) {}
threadpool_data(std::size_t num_threads, std::function<void()>&& prerun_, std::function<void()>&& postrun_)
: thread_data(num_threads), shutdown(false), num_waiters(0), waiters(new task_wait_event*[num_threads]),
prerun(std::move(prerun_)), postrun(std::move(postrun_)) {}
// Mutex protecting everything except thread_data
std::mutex lock;
// Array of per-thread data
aligned_array<thread_data_t> thread_data;
// Global queue for tasks from outside the pool
fifo_queue public_queue;
// Shutdown request indicator
bool shutdown;
// List of threads waiting for tasks to run. num_waiters needs to be atomic
// because it is sometimes read outside the mutex.
std::atomic<std::size_t> num_waiters;
std::unique_ptr<task_wait_event*[]> waiters;
// Pre/Post run functions.
std::function<void()> prerun;
std::function<void()> postrun;
#ifdef BROKEN_JOIN_IN_DESTRUCTOR
// Shutdown complete event, used instead of thread::join()
std::size_t shutdown_num_threads;
std::condition_variable shutdown_complete_event;
#endif
};
// this wrapper encapsulates both the owning_threadpool pointer and the thread id.
// this is done to improve performance on the emulated thread_local reducing the number
// of calls to "pthread_getspecific"
struct threadpool_data_wrapper {
threadpool_data* owning_threadpool;
std::size_t thread_id;
threadpool_data_wrapper(threadpool_data* owning_threadpool, std::size_t thread_id):
owning_threadpool(owning_threadpool), thread_id(thread_id) { }
};
#if defined(EMULATE_PTHREAD_THREAD_LOCAL)
struct pthread_emulation_threadpool_data_initializer {
pthread_key_t key;
pthread_emulation_threadpool_data_initializer()
{
pthread_key_create(&key, [](void* wrapper_ptr) {
threadpool_data_wrapper* wrapper = static_cast<threadpool_data_wrapper*>(wrapper_ptr);
delete wrapper;
});
}
~pthread_emulation_threadpool_data_initializer()
{
pthread_key_delete(key);
}
};
static pthread_key_t get_local_threadpool_data_key()
{
static pthread_emulation_threadpool_data_initializer initializer;
return initializer.key;
}
#else
// Thread pool this thread belongs to, or null if not in pool
static THREAD_LOCAL threadpool_data* owning_threadpool = nullptr;
// Current thread's index in the pool
static THREAD_LOCAL std::size_t thread_id;
#endif
static void create_threadpool_data(threadpool_data* owning_threadpool_, std::size_t thread_id_)
{
#if defined(EMULATE_PTHREAD_THREAD_LOCAL)
// the memory allocated here gets deallocated by the lambda declared on the key creation
pthread_setspecific(get_local_threadpool_data_key(), new threadpool_data_wrapper(owning_threadpool_, thread_id_));
#else
owning_threadpool = owning_threadpool_;
thread_id = thread_id_;
#endif
}
static threadpool_data_wrapper get_threadpool_data_wrapper()
{
#if defined(EMULATE_PTHREAD_THREAD_LOCAL)
threadpool_data_wrapper* wrapper = static_cast<threadpool_data_wrapper*>(pthread_getspecific(get_local_threadpool_data_key()));
if(wrapper == nullptr) {
// if, for some reason, the wrapper is not set, this won't cause a crash
return threadpool_data_wrapper(nullptr, 0);
}
return *wrapper;
#else
return threadpool_data_wrapper(owning_threadpool, thread_id);
#endif
}
// Try to steal a task from another thread's queue
static task_run_handle steal_task(threadpool_data* impl, std::size_t thread_id)
{
// Make a list of victim thread ids and shuffle it
std::vector<std::size_t> victims(impl->thread_data.size());
std::iota(victims.begin(), victims.end(), 0);
std::shuffle(victims.begin(), victims.end(), impl->thread_data[thread_id].rng);
// Try to steal from another thread
for (std::size_t i: victims) {
// Don't try to steal from ourself
if (i == thread_id)
continue;
if (task_run_handle t = impl->thread_data[i].queue.steal())
return t;
}
// No tasks found, but we might have missed one if it was just added. In
// practice this doesn't really matter since it will be handled by another
// thread.
return task_run_handle();
}
// Main task stealing loop which is used by worker threads when they have
// nothing to do.
static void thread_task_loop(threadpool_data* impl, std::size_t thread_id, task_wait_handle wait_task)
{
// Get our thread's data
thread_data_t& current_thread = impl->thread_data[thread_id];
// Flag indicating if we have added a continuation to the task
bool added_continuation = false;
// Event to wait on
task_wait_event event;
// Loop while waiting for the task to complete
while (true) {
// Check if the task has finished. If we have added a continuation, we
// need to make sure the event has been signaled, otherwise the other
// thread may try to signal it after we have freed it.
if (wait_task && (added_continuation ? event.try_wait(wait_type::task_finished) : wait_task.ready()))
return;
// Try to get a task from the local queue
if (task_run_handle t = current_thread.queue.pop()) {
t.run();
continue;
}
// Stealing loop
while (true) {
// Try to steal a task
if (task_run_handle t = steal_task(impl, thread_id)) {
t.run();
break;
}
// Try to fetch from the public queue
std::unique_lock<std::mutex> locked(impl->lock);
if (task_run_handle t = impl->public_queue.pop()) {
// Don't hold the lock while running the task
locked.unlock();
t.run();
break;
}
// If shutting down and we don't have a task to wait for, return.
if (!wait_task && impl->shutdown) {
#ifdef BROKEN_JOIN_IN_DESTRUCTOR
// Notify once all worker threads have exited
if (--impl->shutdown_num_threads == 0)
impl->shutdown_complete_event.notify_one();
#endif
return;
}
// Initialize the event object
event.init();
// No tasks found, so sleep until something happens.
// If a continuation has not been added yet, add it.
if (wait_task && !added_continuation) {
// Create a continuation for the task we are waiting for
wait_task.on_finish([&event] {
// Signal the thread's event
event.signal(wait_type::task_finished);
});
added_continuation = true;
}
// Add our thread to the list of waiting threads
size_t num_waiters_val = impl->num_waiters.load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
impl->waiters[num_waiters_val] = &event;
impl->num_waiters.store(num_waiters_val + 1, std::memory_order_relaxed);
// Wait for our event to be signaled when a task is scheduled or
// the task we are waiting for has completed.
locked.unlock();
int events = event.wait();
locked.lock();
// Remove our thread from the list of waiting threads
num_waiters_val = impl->num_waiters.load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
for (std::size_t i = 0; i < num_waiters_val; i++) {
if (impl->waiters[i] == &event) {
if (i != num_waiters_val - 1)
std::swap(impl->waiters[i], impl->waiters[num_waiters_val - 1]);
impl->num_waiters.store(num_waiters_val - 1, std::memory_order_relaxed);
break;
}
}
// Check again if the task has finished. We have added a
// continuation at this point, so we need to check that the
// continuation has finished signaling the event.
if (wait_task && (events & wait_type::task_finished))
return;
}
}
}
// Wait for a task to complete (for worker threads inside thread pool)
static void threadpool_wait_handler(task_wait_handle wait_task)
{
threadpool_data_wrapper wrapper = get_threadpool_data_wrapper();
thread_task_loop(wrapper.owning_threadpool, wrapper.thread_id, wait_task);
}
// Worker thread main loop
static void worker_thread(threadpool_data* owning_threadpool, std::size_t thread_id)
{
// store on the local thread data
create_threadpool_data(owning_threadpool, thread_id);
// Set the wait handler so threads from the pool do useful work while
// waiting for another task to finish.
set_thread_wait_handler(threadpool_wait_handler);
// Seed the random number generator with our id. This gives each thread a
// different steal order.
owning_threadpool->thread_data[thread_id].rng.seed(static_cast<std::minstd_rand::result_type>(thread_id));
// Prerun hook
if (owning_threadpool->prerun) owning_threadpool->prerun();
// Main loop, runs until the shutdown signal is recieved
thread_task_loop(owning_threadpool, thread_id, task_wait_handle());
// Postrun hook
if (owning_threadpool->postrun) owning_threadpool->postrun();
}
// Recursive function to spawn all worker threads in parallel
static void recursive_spawn_worker_thread(threadpool_data* impl, std::size_t index, std::size_t threads)
{
// If we are down to one thread, go to the worker main loop
if (threads == 1)
worker_thread(impl, index);
else {
// Split thread range into 2 sub-ranges
std::size_t mid = index + threads / 2;
// Spawn a thread for half of the range
impl->thread_data[mid].handle = std::thread(recursive_spawn_worker_thread, impl, mid, threads - threads / 2);
#ifdef BROKEN_JOIN_IN_DESTRUCTOR
impl->thread_data[mid].handle.detach();
#endif
// Tail-recurse to handle our half of the range
recursive_spawn_worker_thread(impl, index, threads / 2);
}
}
} // namespace detail
threadpool_scheduler::threadpool_scheduler(threadpool_scheduler&& other)
: impl(std::move(other.impl)) {}
threadpool_scheduler::threadpool_scheduler(std::size_t num_threads)
: impl(new detail::threadpool_data(num_threads))
{
// Start worker threads
impl->thread_data[0].handle = std::thread(detail::recursive_spawn_worker_thread, impl.get(), 0, num_threads);
#ifdef BROKEN_JOIN_IN_DESTRUCTOR
impl->thread_data[0].handle.detach();
#endif
}
threadpool_scheduler::threadpool_scheduler(std::size_t num_threads,
std::function<void()>&& prerun,
std::function<void()>&& postrun)
: impl(new detail::threadpool_data(num_threads, std::move(prerun), std::move(postrun)))
{
// Start worker threads
impl->thread_data[0].handle = std::thread(detail::recursive_spawn_worker_thread, impl.get(), 0, num_threads);
#ifdef BROKEN_JOIN_IN_DESTRUCTOR
impl->thread_data[0].handle.detach();
#endif
}
// Wait for all currently running tasks to finish
threadpool_scheduler::~threadpool_scheduler()
{
if (!impl) return;
#ifdef _WIN32
// Windows kills all threads except one on process exit before calling
// global destructors in DLLs. Waiting for dead threads to exit will likely
// result in deadlocks, so we just exit early if we detect that the process
// is exiting.
auto RtlDllShutdownInProgress = reinterpret_cast<BOOLEAN(WINAPI *)()>(GetProcAddress(GetModuleHandleW(L"ntdll.dll"), "RtlDllShutdownInProgress"));
if (RtlDllShutdownInProgress && RtlDllShutdownInProgress()) {
# ifndef BROKEN_JOIN_IN_DESTRUCTOR
// We still need to detach the thread handles otherwise the std::thread
// destructor will throw an exception.
for (std::size_t i = 0; i < impl->thread_data.size(); i++) {
try {
impl->thread_data[i].handle.detach();
} catch (...) {}
}
# endif
return;
}
#endif
{
std::unique_lock<std::mutex> locked(impl->lock);
// Signal shutdown
impl->shutdown = true;
// Wake up any sleeping threads
size_t num_waiters_val = impl->num_waiters.load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
for (std::size_t i = 0; i < num_waiters_val; i++)
impl->waiters[i]->signal(detail::wait_type::task_available);
impl->num_waiters.store(0, std::memory_order_relaxed);
#ifdef BROKEN_JOIN_IN_DESTRUCTOR
// Wait for the threads to exit
impl->shutdown_num_threads = impl->thread_data.size();
impl->shutdown_complete_event.wait(locked);
#endif
}
#ifndef BROKEN_JOIN_IN_DESTRUCTOR
// Wait for the threads to exit
for (std::size_t i = 0; i < impl->thread_data.size(); i++)
impl->thread_data[i].handle.join();
#endif
}
// Schedule a task on the thread pool
void threadpool_scheduler::schedule(task_run_handle t)
{
detail::threadpool_data_wrapper wrapper = detail::get_threadpool_data_wrapper();
// Check if we are in the thread pool
if (wrapper.owning_threadpool == impl.get()) {
// Push the task onto our task queue
impl->thread_data[wrapper.thread_id].queue.push(std::move(t));
// If there are no sleeping threads, just return. We check outside the
// lock to avoid locking overhead in the fast path.
if (impl->num_waiters.load(std::memory_order_relaxed) == 0)
return;
// Get a thread to wake up from the list
std::lock_guard<std::mutex> locked(impl->lock);
// Check again if there are waiters
size_t num_waiters_val = impl->num_waiters.load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
if (num_waiters_val == 0)
return;
// Pop a thread from the list and wake it up
impl->waiters[num_waiters_val - 1]->signal(detail::wait_type::task_available);
impl->num_waiters.store(num_waiters_val - 1, std::memory_order_relaxed);
} else {
std::lock_guard<std::mutex> locked(impl->lock);
// Push task onto the public queue
impl->public_queue.push(std::move(t));
// Wake up a sleeping thread
size_t num_waiters_val = impl->num_waiters.load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
if (num_waiters_val == 0)
return;
impl->waiters[num_waiters_val - 1]->signal(detail::wait_type::task_available);
impl->num_waiters.store(num_waiters_val - 1, std::memory_order_relaxed);
}
}
} // namespace async
#ifndef LIBASYNC_STATIC
#if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(_WIN32)
# pragma GCC visibility pop
#endif
#endif

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@ -0,0 +1,186 @@
// Copyright (c) 2015 Amanieu d'Antras
//
// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
// of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
// in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
// to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
// copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
// furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
//
// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
// all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
//
// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
// AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
// OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
// THE SOFTWARE.
#ifndef ASYNCXX_H_
# error "Do not include this header directly, include <async++.h> instead."
#endif
namespace async {
namespace detail {
// Chase-Lev work stealing deque
//
// Dynamic Circular Work-Stealing Deque
// http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.170.1097&rep=rep1&type=pdf
//
// Correct and Efficient Work-Stealing for Weak Memory Models
// http://www.di.ens.fr/~zappa/readings/ppopp13.pdf
class work_steal_queue {
// Circular array of void*
class circular_array {
detail::aligned_array<void*, LIBASYNC_CACHELINE_SIZE> items;
std::unique_ptr<circular_array> previous;
public:
circular_array(std::size_t n)
: items(n) {}
std::size_t size() const
{
return items.size();
}
void* get(std::size_t index)
{
return items[index & (size() - 1)];
}
void put(std::size_t index, void* x)
{
items[index & (size() - 1)] = x;
}
// Growing the array returns a new circular_array object and keeps a
// linked list of all previous arrays. This is done because other threads
// could still be accessing elements from the smaller arrays.
circular_array* grow(std::size_t top, std::size_t bottom)
{
circular_array* new_array = new circular_array(size() * 2);
new_array->previous.reset(this);
for (std::size_t i = top; i != bottom; i++)
new_array->put(i, get(i));
return new_array;
}
};
std::atomic<circular_array*> array;
std::atomic<std::size_t> top, bottom;
// Convert a 2's complement unsigned value to a signed value. We need to do
// this because (b - t) may not always be positive.
static std::ptrdiff_t to_signed(std::size_t x)
{
// Unsigned to signed conversion is implementation-defined if the value
// doesn't fit, so we convert manually.
static_assert(static_cast<std::size_t>(PTRDIFF_MAX) + 1 == static_cast<std::size_t>(PTRDIFF_MIN), "Wrong integer wrapping behavior");
if (x > static_cast<std::size_t>(PTRDIFF_MAX))
return static_cast<std::ptrdiff_t>(x - static_cast<std::size_t>(PTRDIFF_MIN)) + PTRDIFF_MIN;
else
return static_cast<std::ptrdiff_t>(x);
}
public:
work_steal_queue()
: array(new circular_array(32)), top(0), bottom(0) {}
~work_steal_queue()
{
// Free any unexecuted tasks
std::size_t b = bottom.load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
std::size_t t = top.load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
circular_array* a = array.load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
for (std::size_t i = t; i != b; i++)
task_run_handle::from_void_ptr(a->get(i));
delete a;
}
// Push a task to the bottom of this thread's queue
void push(task_run_handle x)
{
std::size_t b = bottom.load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
std::size_t t = top.load(std::memory_order_acquire);
circular_array* a = array.load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
// Grow the array if it is full
if (to_signed(b - t) >= to_signed(a->size())) {
a = a->grow(t, b);
array.store(a, std::memory_order_release);
}
// Note that we only convert to void* here in case grow throws due to
// lack of memory.
a->put(b, x.to_void_ptr());
std::atomic_thread_fence(std::memory_order_release);
bottom.store(b + 1, std::memory_order_relaxed);
}
// Pop a task from the bottom of this thread's queue
task_run_handle pop()
{
std::size_t b = bottom.load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
// Early exit if queue is empty
std::size_t t = top.load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
if (to_signed(b - t) <= 0)
return task_run_handle();
// Make sure bottom is stored before top is read
bottom.store(--b, std::memory_order_relaxed);
std::atomic_thread_fence(std::memory_order_seq_cst);
t = top.load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
// If the queue is empty, restore bottom and exit
if (to_signed(b - t) < 0) {
bottom.store(b + 1, std::memory_order_relaxed);
return task_run_handle();
}
// Fetch the element from the queue
circular_array* a = array.load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
void* x = a->get(b);
// If this was the last element in the queue, check for races
if (b == t) {
if (!top.compare_exchange_strong(t, t + 1, std::memory_order_seq_cst, std::memory_order_relaxed)) {
bottom.store(b + 1, std::memory_order_relaxed);
return task_run_handle();
}
bottom.store(b + 1, std::memory_order_relaxed);
}
return task_run_handle::from_void_ptr(x);
}
// Steal a task from the top of this thread's queue
task_run_handle steal()
{
// Loop while the compare_exchange fails. This is still lock-free because
// a fail means that another thread has sucessfully stolen a task.
while (true) {
// Make sure top is read before bottom
std::size_t t = top.load(std::memory_order_acquire);
std::atomic_thread_fence(std::memory_order_seq_cst);
std::size_t b = bottom.load(std::memory_order_acquire);
// Exit if the queue is empty
if (to_signed(b - t) <= 0)
return task_run_handle();
// Fetch the element from the queue
circular_array* a = array.load(std::memory_order_consume);
void* x = a->get(t);
// Attempt to increment top
if (top.compare_exchange_weak(t, t + 1, std::memory_order_seq_cst, std::memory_order_relaxed))
return task_run_handle::from_void_ptr(x);
}
}
};
} // namespace detail
} // namespace async

View File

@ -2200,11 +2200,11 @@ private:
//FIXME: @tqcq cast_pointer
spec_.flags_ = HASH_FLAG;
spec_.type_ = 'x';
#if (sizeof(uintptr_t) < sizeof(void *))
// #if (sizeof(uintptr_t) < sizeof(void *))
writer_.write_int(reinterpret_cast<uint64_t>(p), spec_);
#else
writer_.write_int(reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(p), spec_);
#endif
// #else
// writer_.write_int(reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(p), spec_);
// #endif
}
// workaround MSVC two-phase lookup issue
@ -2596,9 +2596,10 @@ make_type(FMT_GEN15(FMT_ARG_TYPE_DEFAULT))
inline void func(arg_type arg) { func(arg, fmt::ArgList()); } \
FMT_WRAP1(func, arg_type, 1) \
FMT_WRAP1(func, arg_type, 2) \
FMT_WRAP1(func, arg_type, 3) FMT_WRAP1(func, arg_type, 4) FMT_WRAP1(func, arg_type, 5) \
FMT_WRAP1(func, arg_type, 6) FMT_WRAP1(func, arg_type, 7) FMT_WRAP1(func, arg_type, 8) \
FMT_WRAP1(func, arg_type, 9) FMT_WRAP1(func, arg_type, 10)
FMT_WRAP1(func, arg_type, 3) \
FMT_WRAP1(func, arg_type, 4) FMT_WRAP1(func, arg_type, 5) FMT_WRAP1(func, arg_type, 6) \
FMT_WRAP1(func, arg_type, 7) FMT_WRAP1(func, arg_type, 8) FMT_WRAP1(func, arg_type, 9) \
FMT_WRAP1(func, arg_type, 10)
#define FMT_CTOR(ctor, func, arg0_type, arg1_type, n) \
template<FMT_GEN(n, FMT_MAKE_TEMPLATE_ARG)> \

View File

@ -20,8 +20,9 @@ set(BUILD_EXAMPLES OFF)
add_library(sled STATIC "")
add_subdirectory(3party/gperftools EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL)
add_subdirectory(3party/asyncplusplus EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL)
# add_subdirectory(3party/cppuprofile EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL)
add_subdirectory(3party/protobuf-3.21.12 EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL)
# add_subdirectory(3party/protobuf-3.21.12 EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL)
if(NOT TARGET marl)
add_subdirectory(3party/marl EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL)
endif()
@ -43,7 +44,9 @@ target_include_directories(sled PUBLIC include 3party/eigen 3party/inja
3party/rxcpp)
target_sources(
sled
PRIVATE src/filesystem/path.cc
PRIVATE
src/async/async.cc
src/filesystem/path.cc
src/log/log.cc
src/network/async_resolver.cc
src/network/ip_address.cc
@ -87,7 +90,9 @@ endif()
target_link_libraries(
sled
PUBLIC rpc_core fmt marl protobuf::libprotobuf # cppuprofile
PUBLIC rpc_core fmt marl
Async++
# protobuf::libprotobuf
# ${WHOLE_ARCHIVE_WRAPPER_START}
tcmalloc_and_profiler_static
# ${WHOLE_ARCHIVE_WRAPPER_END}
@ -120,9 +125,11 @@ if(SLED_BUILD_TESTS)
add_executable(
sled_tests
# src/exec/just_test.cc
src/async/async_test.cc
src/any_test.cc
src/filesystem/path_test.cc
src/futures/promise_test.cc
src/futures/detail/just_test.cc
src/log/fmt_test.cc
# src/profiling/profiling_test.cc
src/strings/base64_test.cc

View File

@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
#ifndef SLED_ASYNC_ASYNC_H
#define SLED_ASYNC_ASYNC_H
namespace sled {
class FiberScheduler;
}
namespace async {
sled::FiberScheduler &default_scheduler();
}
#define LIBASYNC_CUSTOM_DEFAULT_SCHEDULER
#include <async++.h>
namespace sled {
class FiberScheduler {
public:
void schedule(async::task_run_handle t);
};
}// namespace sled
#endif// SLED_ASYNC_ASYNC_H

View File

@ -1,39 +0,0 @@
#ifndef SLED_EXEC_DETAIL_JUST_H
#define SLED_EXEC_DETAIL_JUST_H
#pragma once
#include <iostream>
#include <utility>
namespace sled {
template<typename TReceiver, typename T>
struct JustOperation {
TReceiver receiver;
T value;
void Start() { receiver.SetValue(value); }
};
template<typename T>
struct JustSender {
using result_t = T;
T value;
template<typename TReceiver>
JustOperation<TReceiver, T> Connect(TReceiver &&receiver)
{
return {std::forward<TReceiver>(receiver), std::forward<T>(value)};
}
};
template<typename T>
JustSender<T>
Just(T &&t)
{
return {std::forward<T>(t)};
}
}// namespace sled
#endif// SLED_EXEC_DETAIL_JUST_H

View File

@ -1,67 +0,0 @@
#ifndef SLED_EXEC_DETAIL_RETRY_H
#define SLED_EXEC_DETAIL_RETRY_H
#include <atomic>
#include <memory>
#include <system_error>
#pragma once
#include "traits.h"
namespace sled {
struct RetryState {
int retry_count;
bool need_retry;
};
template<typename TReceiver>
struct RetryReceiver {
TReceiver receiver;
std::shared_ptr<RetryState> state;
template<typename T>
void SetValue(T &&value)
{
receiver.SetValue(value);
}
void SetError(std::exception_ptr err)
{
if (state->retry_count < 0) {}
}
void SetStopped() { receiver.SetStopped(); }
};
template<typename TSender, typename TReceiver>
struct RetryOperation {
ConnectResultT<TSender, RetryReceiver<TReceiver>> op;
std::shared_ptr<int> state;
void Start() {}
};
template<typename TSender>
struct RetrySender {
using S = typename std::remove_cv<typename std::remove_reference<TSender>::type>::type;
using result_t = SenderResultT<S>;
S sender;
int retry_count;
template<typename TReceiver>
RetryOperation<TSender, TReceiver> Connect(TReceiver &&receiver)
{
auto retry_state = std::make_shared<RetryState>(new RetryState{retry_count, false});
return {sender.Connect(RetryReceiver<TReceiver>{receiver, retry_state}), retry_state};
}
};
template<typename TSender>
RetrySender<TSender>
Retry(TSender &&sender, int retry_count)
{
return {std::forward<TSender>(sender), retry_count};
}
}// namespace sled
#endif// SLED_EXEC_DETAIL_RETRY_H

View File

@ -1,68 +0,0 @@
#ifndef SLED_EXEC_DETAIL_SYNC_WAIT_H
#define SLED_EXEC_DETAIL_SYNC_WAIT_H
#pragma once
#include "sled/optional.h"
#include "sled/synchronization/mutex.h"
#include "traits.h"
#include <exception>
namespace sled {
struct SyncWaitState {
sled::Mutex lock;
sled::ConditionVariable cv;
std::exception_ptr err;
bool done = false;
};
template<typename T>
struct SyncWaitReceiver {
SyncWaitState &data;
sled::optional<T> &value;
void SetValue(T &&val)
{
sled::MutexLock lock(&data.lock);
value.emplace(val);
data.done = true;
data.cv.NotifyOne();
}
void SetError(std::exception_ptr err)
{
sled::MutexLock lock(&data.lock);
data.err = err;
data.done = true;
data.cv.NotifyOne();
}
void SetStopped(std::exception_ptr err)
{
sled::MutexLock lock(&data.lock);
data.done = true;
data.cv.NotifyOne();
}
};
template<typename TSender>
sled::optional<SenderResultT<TSender>>
SyncWait(TSender sender)
{
using T = SenderResultT<TSender>;
SyncWaitState data;
sled::optional<T> value;
auto op = sender.Connect(SyncWaitReceiver<T>{data, value});
op.Start();
sled::MutexLock lock(&data.lock);
data.cv.Wait(lock, [&data] { return data.done; });
if (data.err) { std::rethrow_exception(data.err); }
return value;
}
}// namespace sled
#endif// SLED_EXEC_DETAIL_SYNC_WAIT_H

View File

@ -1,59 +0,0 @@
#ifndef SLED_EXEC_DETAIL_THEN_H
#define SLED_EXEC_DETAIL_THEN_H
#pragma once
#include "traits.h"
#include <exception>
#include <functional>
namespace sled {
template<typename TReceiver, typename F>
struct ThenReceiver {
TReceiver receiver;
F func;
template<typename T>
void SetValue(T &&value)
{
try {
receiver.SetValue(func(std::forward<T>(value)));
} catch (...) {
receiver.SetError(std::current_exception());
}
}
void SetError(std::exception_ptr err) { receiver.SetError(err); }
void SetStopped() { receiver.SetStopped(); }
};
template<typename TSender, typename TReceiver, typename F>
struct ThenOperation {
ConnectResultT<TSender, ThenReceiver<TReceiver, F>> op;
void Start() { op.Start(); }
};
template<typename TSender, typename F>
struct ThenSender {
using S = typename std::remove_cv<typename std::remove_reference<TSender>::type>::type;
using result_t = typename eggs::invoke_result_t<F, SenderResultT<S>>;
S sender;
F func;
template<typename TReceiver>
ThenOperation<TSender, TReceiver, F> Connect(TReceiver &&receiver)
{
return {sender.Connect(ThenReceiver<TReceiver, F>{std::forward<TReceiver>(receiver), func})};
}
};
template<typename TSender, typename F>
ThenSender<TSender, F>
Then(TSender &&sender, F &&func)
{
return {std::forward<TSender>(sender), std::forward<F>(func)};
}
}// namespace sled
#endif// SLED_EXEC_DETAIL_THEN_H

View File

@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
#ifndef SLED_EXEC_DETAIL_TRAITS_H
#define SLED_EXEC_DETAIL_TRAITS_H
#pragma once
#include "invoke_result.h"
#include <type_traits>
namespace sled {
template<typename TSender, typename TReceiver>
using ConnectResultT = decltype(std::declval<TSender>().Connect(std::declval<TReceiver>()));
template<typename TSender>
using SenderResultT = typename TSender::result_t;
}// namespace sled
#endif// SLED_EXEC_DETAIL_TRAITS_H

View File

@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
#ifndef SLED_EXEC_EXEC_H
#define SLED_EXEC_EXEC_H
#pragma once
#include "detail/just.h"
#include "detail/sync_wait.h"
#include "detail/then.h"
namespace sled {}
#endif// SLED_EXEC_EXEC_H

View File

@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
#ifndef SLED_FUTURES_FUTURE_H
#define SLED_FUTURES_FUTURE_H
namespace sled {}
#endif// SLED_FUTURES_FUTURE_H

View File

@ -2,7 +2,10 @@
#ifndef SLED_SLED_H
#define SLED_SLED_H
namespace async {}
// thrid_party
#include "async/async.h"
#include "inja.hpp"
#include "rx.h"

View File

@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
#ifndef SLED_UTILITY_MOVE_ON_COPY_H
#define SLED_UTILITY_MOVE_ON_COPY_H
#include <memory>
#include <utility>
namespace sled {
template<typename T>
struct MoveOnCopy {
using type = typename std::remove_reference<T>::type;
MoveOnCopy(type &&value) : value(std::move(value)) {}
MoveOnCopy(const MoveOnCopy &other) : value(std::move(other.value)) {}
MoveOnCopy(MoveOnCopy &&other) : value(std::move(other.value)) {}
// MoveOnCopy(MoveOnCopy &&) = delete;
MoveOnCopy &operator=(const MoveOnCopy &) = delete;
mutable type value;
};
template<typename T>
auto
MakeMoveOnCopy(T &&value) -> MoveOnCopy<T>
{
return {std::move<T>(value)};
}
}// namespace sled
#endif// SLED_UTILITY_MOVE_ON_COPY_H

36
src/async/async.cc Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
#include "sled/async/async.h"
#include "sled/synchronization/event.h"
#include "sled/system/thread_pool.h"
#include "sled/utility/move_on_copy.h"
// clang-format off
#include <async++.h>
// clang-format on
namespace async {
sled::FiberScheduler &
default_scheduler()
{
static sled::FiberScheduler scheduler;
return scheduler;
}
}// namespace async
namespace sled {
void
SleepWaitHandler(async::task_wait_handle t)
{
sled::Event event;
t.on_finish([&] { event.Set(); });
event.Wait(sled::Event::kForever);
}
void
FiberScheduler::schedule(async::task_run_handle t)
{
static ThreadPool thread_pool;
auto move_on_copy = sled::MakeMoveOnCopy(t);
thread_pool.PostTask([move_on_copy] { move_on_copy.value.run_with_wait_handler(SleepWaitHandler); });
}
}// namespace sled

10
src/async/async_test.cc Normal file
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#include <gtest/gtest.h>
#include <sled/async/async.h>
TEST(Async, task)
{
auto task1 = async::spawn([] { return 42; }).then([](int value) { return value * 3; }).then([](int value) {
EXPECT_EQ(value, 126);
});
task1.wait();
}

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#include <gtest/gtest.h>
#include <sled/futures/detail/just.h>
TEST(Just, basic) { auto s1 = sled::detail::Just(42); }

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@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
#include <gtest/gtest.h>
#include <sled/futures/promise.h>
TEST(Promise, Basic)
{