This CL removes AtomicPointer from leveldb's port interface. Its usage is replaced with std::atomic<> from the C++11 standard library.
AtomicPointer was used to wrap flags, numbers, and pointers, so its instances are replaced with std::atomic<bool>, std::atomic<int>, std::atomic<size_t> and std::atomic<Node*>.
This CL does not revise the memory ordering. AtomicPointer's methods are replaced mechanically with their std::atomic equivalents, even when the underlying usage is incorrect. (Example: DBImpl::has_imm_ is written using release stores, even though it is always read using relaxed ordering.) Revising the memory ordering is left for future CLs.
-------------
Created by MOE: https://github.com/google/moe
MOE_MIGRATED_REVID=237865146
This is not an API-breaking change, because it reduces the API that the
leveldb embedder must implement. The project will build just fine
against ports that still implement InitOnce.
C++11 guarantees thread-safe initialization of static variables inside
functions. This is a more restricted form of std::call_once or
pthread_once_t (e.g., single call site), so the compiler might be able
to generate better code [1]. Equally important, having less code in
port_example.h makes it easier to port to other platforms.
Due to the change above, this CL introduces a new approach for storing
the singleton BytewiseComparatorImpl instance returned by
BytewiseComparator(). The new approach avoids a dynamic memory
allocation, which eliminates the false positive from LeakSanitizer
reported in https://github.com/google/leveldb/issues/200
[1] https://stackoverflow.com/a/27206650/
-------------
Created by MOE: https://github.com/google/moe
MOE_MIGRATED_REVID=212348004
The porting layer implements threading primitives: atomic pointers,
condition variables, mutexes, thread-safe initialization. These are all
specified in C++11, so the reference open source port implementation can
become platform-independent.
The porting layer will remain in place to allow the use of other
implementations with more features, such as the built-in deadlock
detection in abseil's Mutex.
-------------
Created by MOE: https://github.com/google/moe
MOE_MIGRATED_REVID=193245934
