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README.md
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@ -12,31 +12,31 @@ A HOWTO on building a statically linked gdbserver without much hacking
### What this repository IS when fully utilized
This repository is for when you don't need something as heavy as crosstool-ng or buildroot. You just need to cross-compile and statically link a few binaries, for example gdbserver, and you have musl/uClibc/glibc toolchain to work from already built. This focuses on gdb-7.12, but you can use these scripts in one form or another when building just about anything, though you will need to modify them from time to time to suit your needs. While they function out of the box for my needs, it is best you think of them as living documentation / reference material for a simpleish task that can be confusing for first-timers, and slow for veterans
This repository is for when you don't want something as heavy as crosstool-ng or buildroot. You just need to cross-compile and statically link a few binaries, for example gdbserver, and you have musl/uClibc/glibc toolchain to work from already built. This focuses on gdb-7.12, but you can use these scripts in one form or another when building just about anything, though you will need to modify them from time to time to suit your needs. While they function out of the box for my needs, it is best you think of them as living documentation / reference material for a simpleish task that can be confusing for first-timers, and slow for veterans
* `activate-openwrt-toolchain.env` - place file in prebuilt OpenWRT toolchain root, source it for productivity, etc.
* `activate-musl-toolchain.env` - place file in musl-cross-make toolchain root, source it for productivity, etc.
* `gdbserver-7.12-static-build.sh` - shell script to build a static gdb-7.12 gdbserver using a cross-compile toolchain. Should be executed from gdb-7.12-/gdb/gdbserver/
* [activate-openwrt-toolchain.env](https://github.com/mzpqnxow/gdb-static-cross/blob/master/activate-script-helpers/activate-openwrt-toolchain.env) - place file in prebuilt OpenWRT toolchain root, source it for productivity, etc.
* [activate-musl-toolchain.env](https://github.com/mzpqnxow/gdb-static-cross/blob/master/activate-script-helpers/activate-musl-toolchain.env) - place file in musl-cross-make toolchain root, source it for productivity, etc.
* [gdbserver-7.12-static-build.sh](https://github.com/mzpqnxow/gdb-static-cross/blob/master/gdbserver-7.12-static-build.sh) - shell script to build a static gdb-7.12 gdbserver using a cross-compile toolchain. Should be executed from gdb-7.12-/gdb/gdbserver/ which is extracted from the [gdbserver-7.12.tar.gz](https://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gdb/gdb-7.12.1.tar.gz) tarball from GNU distribution sites or from this repository
*Note that you can use the `--disable-build-with-cxx` option when configuring gdb-7.12/gdb/gdbserver in some cases to make your life easier*
### ATTENTION!
***If you just want to download a statically linked gdbserver for a specific MIPS(EL) or ARM platform, check the src/ directory***
***If you just want to download a statically linked gdbserver for a specific MIPS(EL) or ARM platform, check the [prebuilt](https://github.com/mzpqnxow/gdb-static-cross/tree/master/prebuilt/) directory***
Just look in the in the *prebuilt* directory. I attempted to compile builds as portable as possible (i.e. emulating FP in software) and got a lot out of use of them, so you should find them somewhat reliable on Linux based embedded devices
I tried to compile builds as portable as possible (i.e. emulating FP in software) and got a lot out of use of what was produced in real life situations, so you should find them somewhat reliable on Linux based embedded devices
### If you want to build things other than gdbserver
Some open source projects have no build system, and many have very strange custom build systems that don't use the "standard" `./configure && make && make install` style build system . You can check out [embedded-toolkt](https://github.com/mzpqnxow/embedded-toolkit) and look in the [src](https://github.com/mzpqnxow/embedded-toolkit/tree/master/src) directory for examples of using these scripts before building various tools such as *gawk*, *gdbserver*, *tcpdump*, *libpcap*, *lsof*, *etc* which have some unique build systems, especially lsof- wtf?
Some open source projects have no real build system, and many have very strange custom build systems that don't use the "standard" `./configure && make && make install` style build system . You can check out [embedded-toolkt](https://github.com/mzpqnxow/embedded-toolkit) and look in the [src](https://github.com/mzpqnxow/embedded-toolkit/tree/master/src) directory for examples of using these scripts before building various tools such as *gawk*, *gdbserver*, *tcpdump*, *libpcap*, *lsof*, *etc* which have some unique build systems, especially lsof... WTF lsof? Also, if you have a toolchain without wchar, use mawk instead of gawk. The mawk source and patches to build mawk are also included in [src](https://github.com/mzpqnxow/embedded-toolkit/tree/master/src/mawk). You can also use this for simple `gcc bah.c -o bah` operations or `gcc bah.s -o bah`
## OpenWrt: Use `source activate-openwrt-toolchain.env` with a pre-built OpenWrt Toolchain
To use `activate-openwrt-toolchain.env` with a pre-built OpenWrt Toolchain you can dollow these simple steps. First browse to [https://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/trunk/](https://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/trunk/) to find your toolchain
To use this script, assume you have a directory called /toolchains/ and that this is where you will keep the toolchains, one subdirectory per toolchain. You're a maniac- you're hoarding toolchains and probably up to no good. To get a new toolchain up in such a way to use active-openwrt-toolchain, grab a file like [OpenWrt-Toolchain-brcm63xx-generic_gcc-5.3.0_musl-1.1.16.Linux-x86_64.tar.bz2](https://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/trunk/brcm63xx/generic/OpenWrt-Toolchain-brcm63xx-generic_gcc-5.3.0_musl-1.1.16.Linux-x86_64.tar.bz2)
To use `activate-openwrt-toolchain.env` with a pre-built **OpenWrt Toolchain** you can follow these simple steps. First browse to [https://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/trunk/](https://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/trunk/) to find the toolchain you want to use. You can use `gcc -v` to determine if the options are right for your CPU
To use this script, assume you have a directory called /toolchains/ and that this is where you will keep the toolchains, one subdirectory per toolchain. To get a new toolchain up in such a way to use active-openwrt-toolchain, grab a file like [OpenWrt-Toolchain-brcm63xx-generic_gcc-5.3.0_musl-1.1.16.Linux-x86_64.tar.bz2](https://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/trunk/brcm63xx/generic/OpenWrt-Toolchain-brcm63xx-generic_gcc-5.3.0_musl-1.1.16.Linux-x86_64.tar.bz2)
### Build using OpenWRT and these scripts, step by step for the impatient cut and paste enthusiasts
```
$ cd ~/ && git clone https://github.com/mzpqnxow/gdb-7.12-crossbuilder
$ cd gdb-7.12-crossbuilder
@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ $ source /openwrt-toolchains/$TOOLCHAIN/activate
## MUSL via [musl-cross-make](https://github.com/richfelker/musl-cross-make/): Use `source activate-musl-toolchain.env` with an installed toolchain built by musl-cross-make
Using musl-cross-make is a nice experience- I recommend you try it. If you do, all you need to do is edit config.mak, use make -j and make install. That's it. You're done. The activate-musl-toolchain file is for you to place in the root of the installed toolchain to use as a convenience to "activate" the toolchain in your environment for use with *weird* build systems, or for software with no build system at all.
Using [musl-cross-make](https://github.com/richfelker/musl-cross-make/) is a great experience and kudos to [@richfelker](https://github.com/richfelker) for making it available. I recommend you try it, even just for testing a sample i486 toolchain, useful for building statically linked libraries for common desktop/server platforms. If you do try it, all you need to do is edit the musl-cross-make config.mak file to specify the architecture and any other flags as well as installation path and then use make -j and make install. That's it. You're done. The activate-musl-toolchain file provided here is for you to place in the root of the installed toolchain to use as a convenience to "activate" the toolchain in your environment for use with *weird* build systems, or for software with no build system at all. You use it by simply `source`ing it in your active shell. Sorry, there is no deactivate. Just start a new shell to restore your environment. Here's an example
```
$ export TOOLCHAIN_DEST=/musl-cross-make-toolchains/toolchain-mips_mips32_musl/
@ -77,9 +77,9 @@ gdbserver: ELF 32-bit LSB executable, ARM, EABI5 version 1 (SYSV), statically li
### Capabilities provided by the shell source scripts
See the end of each .env file. You will see variables exported. Those variables can now be accessed in your shell while building software. Tools like gcc, ar, ld, g++, etc. will also now be in your path and there will be a `cross_configure` alias in the shell to simplify using software packages that utilize ./configure build systems
Look at the end of each .env file. You will see some variables exported, hopefully intuitively named. Those variables can now be accessed in your shell while building software with your toolchain with no need to adjust paths or locate static libraries. Tools like gcc, ar, as, ld, g++, etc. will also now be in your path and there will be a `cross_configure` alias in the shell to simplify using software packages that utilize `./configure` build systems, just replace `./configure` with `cross_configure`. This is a very simple alias that just includes the `--host` and `--prefix` options set, it's not magic.
#### Sample environment variables after activating an OpenWrt toolchain
#### Sample environment variables set after activating an OpenWrt toolchain
```
DL_STATIC=/opt/openwrt/armel-gnu-eabi5-sysv/lib/libdl.a
@ -95,13 +95,13 @@ TOOLCHAIN_TARGET=arm-openwrt-linux-muslgnueabi
SYSTEM_ROOT=/opt/openwrt/armel-gnu-eabi5-sysv
```
#### Sample alias
#### Sample alias that you will find in your environment
`alias cross_configure='./configure --host=arm-openwrt-linux-muslgnueabi --prefix=/opt/openwrt/armel-gnu-eabi5-sysv'`
### Doing a plain old build of gdbserver for the same host and target (i.e. no special toolchain)
### Doing a plain old build of gdbserver for the same host and target (i.e. no special toolchain, 'native' build)
*This is not something you should really ever be doing- you will almost always be using a non-native toolchain. However, I wanted to include an example of how it can be cleanly done in a standard build environment. It assumes glibc, which is not really a good target for building non-trivial statically executables, but whatever...*
*This is not something you will be doing often as with gdbserver you will almost always be using a non-native toolchain. However, I wanted to include an example of how it can be cleanly done in a standard build environment. It assumes glibc, which is not really a good target for building non-trivial statically executables. With a minimal amount of effort you can build a musl toolchain for x86_64 or i486*
#### Find static libraries you will need to link gdbserver with
@ -125,13 +125,14 @@ $ wget https://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gdb/gdb-7.12.tar.xz
$ tar -xvf gdb-7.12.tar.xz
$ cd gdb-7.12/gdb/gdbserver
$ sed -i -e 's/srv_linux_thread_db=yes//' configure.srv
... optionally apply architecture specific patches, not required for x86 or x86_64 though
$ ./configure --prefix=/opt/gdbserver-7.12-static CXXFLAGS='-fPIC -static'
$ make -j gdbserver GDBSERVER_LIBS="$LIBGCC $LIBCXX"
```
You should now have a statically compiled GDB 7.12 gdbserver for your native OS. Read on for the cross-compile stuff, which is a little more involved but still pretty simple.
*NOTE: You really should use uClibc or musl for your libc, not glibc, because getgrgid() and getpwuid() both load shared libraries. This could cause a problem if you intend to run the gdbserver executable on another machine with a different version of glibc- which more or less defeats the purpose of static linking. You will also run into issues with any application that uses libnss when linking against glibc*
*NOTE: You really should use uClibc or musl for your libc, not glibc, because of libnss which requires dynamic library loading via libdl*
## License

20
gdbserver-7.12-static-build.sh
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@ -7,8 +7,9 @@
# -- Perform a static build of gdbserver (gdb-7.12)
#
# This was designed particularly to demonstrate the way
# that the activate scripts can be used. You can use
# them for for toolchains built by the excellent musl-cross-make
# that the activate scripts can be used and assumes you sourced
# the appropriate one before running this script. You can use
# them for for toolchains built by the excellent musl-cross-make
# tool:
#
# https://github.com/richfelker/musl-cross-make
@ -22,12 +23,9 @@
# to use one of the toolchain activation scripts in this
# repository. Otherwise you will need to set up stuff yourself
# like the path to libstdc++.a, libgcc_eh.a and the --host
# parameter. Which hopefully you can figure out how to do
# if you're planning on debugging native code on another
# architecture :>
#
#
# parameter. Hopefully you can figure out how to do this
# manually anyway if you're planning on debugging native
# code on another architecture, but this makes it easier
#
CURDIR="$( cd "$( dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}" )" && pwd )"
@ -41,8 +39,10 @@ fi
make clean 2>/dev/null
make distclean 2>/dev/null
# Some toolchains include static libthread_db but MANY do not
# I don't have the need to even debug threaded apps so I disable it
# The configure flags do nothing to disable it in my experience...
# I don't have the need to debug threaded apps so I disable it
# The configure flags do nothing to disable it in my experience
# hence the crude (but clean enough) sed removal of libthread_db
# variables
sed -i -e 's/srv_linux_thread_db=yes//' configure.srv
./configure --host="$TOOLCHAIN_TARGET" --prefix="$SYSTEM_ROOT" CXXFLAGS="-fPIC -static"
make -j gdbserver GDBSERVER_LIBS="$STDCXX_STATIC $GCCEH_STATIC"