diff --git a/lib/analyze-action.js b/lib/analyze-action.js
index 8b8a7932e..798cdada2 100644
--- a/lib/analyze-action.js
+++ b/lib/analyze-action.js
@@ -108432,10 +108432,13 @@ function isCodeQualityEnabled(config) {
   return config.analysisKinds.includes("code-quality" /* CodeQuality */);
 }
 function getPrimaryAnalysisKind(config) {
+  if (config.analysisKinds.length === 1) {
+    return config.analysisKinds[0];
+  }
   return isCodeScanningEnabled(config) ? "code-scanning" /* CodeScanning */ : "code-quality" /* CodeQuality */;
 }
 function getPrimaryAnalysisConfig(config) {
-  return getPrimaryAnalysisKind(config) === "code-scanning" /* CodeScanning */ ? CodeScanning : CodeQuality;
+  return getAnalysisConfig(getPrimaryAnalysisKind(config));
 }
 
 // src/setup-codeql.ts
diff --git a/src/analyses.test.ts b/src/analyses.test.ts
index 3e0fb74bc..b4a24f4ff 100644
--- a/src/analyses.test.ts
+++ b/src/analyses.test.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+import path from "path";
+
 import test from "ava";
 import * as sinon from "sinon";
 
@@ -14,7 +16,6 @@ import {
 import { getRunnerLogger } from "./logging";
 import { setupTests } from "./testing-utils";
 import { ConfigurationError } from "./util";
-import path from "path";
 
 setupTests(test);
 
diff --git a/src/config-utils.test.ts b/src/config-utils.test.ts
index 276a7a344..d0583f167 100644
--- a/src/config-utils.test.ts
+++ b/src/config-utils.test.ts
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ import * as yaml from "js-yaml";
 import * as sinon from "sinon";
 
 import * as actionsUtil from "./actions-util";
-import { AnalysisKind } from "./analyses";
+import { AnalysisKind, supportedAnalysisKinds } from "./analyses";
 import * as api from "./api-client";
 import { CachingKind } from "./caching-utils";
 import { createStubCodeQL } from "./codeql";
@@ -1829,3 +1829,22 @@ test("hasActionsWorkflows doesn't throw if workflows folder doesn't exist", asyn
     t.notThrows(() => configUtils.hasActionsWorkflows(tmpDir));
   });
 });
+
+test("getPrimaryAnalysisConfig - single analysis kind", (t) => {
+  // If only one analysis kind is configured, we expect to get the matching configuration.
+  for (const analysisKind of supportedAnalysisKinds) {
+    const singleKind = createTestConfig({ analysisKinds: [analysisKind] });
+    t.is(configUtils.getPrimaryAnalysisConfig(singleKind).kind, analysisKind);
+  }
+});
+
+test("getPrimaryAnalysisConfig - Code Scanning + Code Quality", (t) => {
+  // For CS+CQ, we expect to get the Code Scanning configuration.
+  const codeScanningAndCodeQuality = createTestConfig({
+    analysisKinds: [AnalysisKind.CodeScanning, AnalysisKind.CodeQuality],
+  });
+  t.is(
+    configUtils.getPrimaryAnalysisConfig(codeScanningAndCodeQuality).kind,
+    AnalysisKind.CodeScanning,
+  );
+});
diff --git a/src/config-utils.ts b/src/config-utils.ts
index e52070b47..c35bad33b 100644
--- a/src/config-utils.ts
+++ b/src/config-utils.ts
@@ -12,9 +12,8 @@ import {
 import {
   AnalysisConfig,
   AnalysisKind,
-  CodeQuality,
   codeQualityQueries,
-  CodeScanning,
+  getAnalysisConfig,
 } from "./analyses";
 import * as api from "./api-client";
 import { CachingKind, getCachingKind } from "./caching-utils";
@@ -1389,28 +1388,27 @@ export function isCodeQualityEnabled(config: Config): boolean {
 }
 
 /**
- * Returns the primary analysis kind that the Action is initialised with. This is
- * always `AnalysisKind.CodeScanning` unless `AnalysisKind.CodeScanning` is not enabled.
+ * Returns the primary analysis kind that the Action is initialised with. If there is only
+ * one analysis kind, then that is returned.
  *
- * @returns Returns `AnalysisKind.CodeScanning` if `AnalysisKind.CodeScanning` is enabled;
- * otherwise `AnalysisKind.CodeQuality`.
+ * The special case is Code Scanning + Code Quality, which can be enabled at the same time.
+ * In that case, this function returns Code Scanning.
  */
 function getPrimaryAnalysisKind(config: Config): AnalysisKind {
+  if (config.analysisKinds.length === 1) {
+    return config.analysisKinds[0];
+  }
+
   return isCodeScanningEnabled(config)
     ? AnalysisKind.CodeScanning
     : AnalysisKind.CodeQuality;
 }
 
 /**
- * Returns the primary analysis configuration that the Action is initialised with. This is
- * always `CodeScanning` unless `CodeScanning` is not enabled.
- *
- * @returns Returns `CodeScanning` if `AnalysisKind.CodeScanning` is enabled; otherwise `CodeQuality`.
+ * Returns the primary analysis configuration that the Action is initialised with.
  */
 export function getPrimaryAnalysisConfig(config: Config): AnalysisConfig {
-  return getPrimaryAnalysisKind(config) === AnalysisKind.CodeScanning
-    ? CodeScanning
-    : CodeQuality;
+  return getAnalysisConfig(getPrimaryAnalysisKind(config));
 }
 
 /** Logs the Git version as a telemetry diagnostic. */