Resolves https://github.com/microsoft/vcpkg/issues/22980https://github.com/microsoft/vcpkg/pull/12785 Added a set of `CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD` in this CMake config which accidentally overwrites higher versions. Upstream already has a `target_compile_options` to do this the Right Way.
This change:
* Deletes the offending attempt to set CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD. Downstream users that don't listen to the INTERFACE_COMPILE_FEATURES need to be patched locally.
* Modernizes to use vcpkg_cmake_Xxx.
* Removes attempt to fix up paths that already appears handled by `vcpkg_cmake_config_fixup`.
* Adds quotes.
* [ceres] Mark all dependencies REQUIRED
* [suitesparse] Fix FindCXSparse.cmake
* [ceres] Add version to db
Co-authored-by: Robert Schumacher <roschuma@microsoft.com>