[python3, pybind11] Move Py_DEBUG to python, and use python from vcpkg (#37758)

Alternative to #36585
Fixes #22743
Fixes #34338
Fixes #34678

---------

Co-authored-by: Billy Robert O'Neal III <bion@microsoft.com>
Co-authored-by: Cheney-Wang <850426846@qq.com>
Co-authored-by: Osyotr <8740768+Osyotr@users.noreply.github.com>

ports/pybind11/fix-debug-link.patch

@@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
-diff --git a/CMakeLists.txt b/CMakeLists.txt
-index 0d93203..031088a 100644
---- a/CMakeLists.txt
-+++ b/CMakeLists.txt
-@@ -196,6 +196,7 @@ if(NOT TARGET pybind11_headers)
- 
-   target_compile_features(pybind11_headers INTERFACE cxx_inheriting_constructors cxx_user_literals
-                                                      cxx_right_angle_brackets)
-+  target_compile_definitions (pybind11_headers INTERFACE $<$<CONFIG:Debug>:Py_DEBUG>)
-   if(NOT "${PYBIND11_INTERNALS_VERSION}" STREQUAL "")
-     target_compile_definitions(
-       pybind11_headers INTERFACE "PYBIND11_INTERNALS_VERSION=${PYBIND11_INTERNALS_VERSION}")

ports/pybind11/portfile.cmake

@@ -4,8 +4,6 @@ vcpkg_from_github(
     REF "v${VERSION}"
     SHA512 c20247a4dccec310307174a26a79f9a98dd7ae7c84a48ad61c61589b02ef74caac26c2945de602cbe38b0bea65fc9985f1cc37f9e2322cae2f824dee98d602f1
     HEAD_REF master
-    PATCHES
-        fix-debug-link.patch
 )
 
 vcpkg_cmake_configure(

ports/pybind11/vcpkg.json

@@ -1,11 +1,13 @@
 {
   "name": "pybind11",
   "version": "2.12.0",
+  "port-version": 1,
   "description": "pybind11 is a lightweight header-only library that exposes C++ types in Python and vice versa, mainly to create Python bindings of existing C++ code",
   "homepage": "https://github.com/pybind/pybind11",
   "license": "BSD-3-Clause",
   "supports": "!(arm & windows)",
   "dependencies": [
+    "python3",
     {
       "name": "vcpkg-cmake",
       "host": true

ports/python3/vcpkg-cmake-wrapper.cmake

@@ -64,15 +64,18 @@ if(_PythonFinder_WantLibs)
         )
     endif()
 
+    # These are duplicated as normal variables to nullify FindPython's checksum verifications.
+    set(_@PythonFinder_PREFIX@_INCLUDE_DIR "${_@PythonFinder_PREFIX@_INCLUDE_DIR}")
+    set(_@PythonFinder_PREFIX@_LIBRARY_RELEASE "${_@PythonFinder_PREFIX@_LIBRARY_RELEASE}")
+    set(_@PythonFinder_PREFIX@_LIBRARY_DEBUG "${_@PythonFinder_PREFIX@_LIBRARY_DEBUG}")
+
     _find_package(${ARGS})
 
     if(@VCPKG_LIBRARY_LINKAGE@ STREQUAL static)
-        include(CMakeFindDependencyMacro)
-
         # Python for Windows embeds the zlib module into the core, so we have to link against it.
         # This is a separate extension module on Unix-like platforms.
         if(WIN32)
-            find_dependency(ZLIB)
+            find_package(ZLIB)
             if(TARGET @PythonFinder_PREFIX@::Python)
                 set_property(TARGET @PythonFinder_PREFIX@::Python APPEND PROPERTY INTERFACE_LINK_LIBRARIES ZLIB::ZLIB)
             endif()
@@ -85,8 +88,8 @@ if(_PythonFinder_WantLibs)
         endif()
 
         if(APPLE)
-            find_dependency(Iconv)
-            find_dependency(Intl)
+            find_package(Iconv)
+            find_package(Intl)
             if(TARGET @PythonFinder_PREFIX@::Python)
                 get_target_property(_PYTHON_INTERFACE_LIBS @PythonFinder_PREFIX@::Python INTERFACE_LINK_LIBRARIES)
                 if(NOT _PYTHON_INTERFACE_LIBS)
@@ -122,5 +125,12 @@ else()
     _find_package(${ARGS})
 endif()
 
+if(TARGET @PythonFinder_PREFIX@::Python)
+    target_compile_definitions(@PythonFinder_PREFIX@::Python INTERFACE "$<$<CONFIG:Debug>:Py_DEBUG>")
+endif()
+if(TARGET @PythonFinder_PREFIX@::Module)
+    target_compile_definitions(@PythonFinder_PREFIX@::Module INTERFACE "$<$<CONFIG:Debug>:Py_DEBUG>")
+endif()
+
 unset(_PythonFinder_WantInterp)
 unset(_PythonFinder_WantLibs)

ports/python3/vcpkg.json

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 {
   "name": "python3",
   "version": "3.11.8",
-  "port-version": 1,
+  "port-version": 2,
   "description": "The Python programming language",
   "homepage": "https://github.com/python/cpython",
   "license": "Python-2.0",

versions/baseline.json

@@ -7054,7 +7054,7 @@
     },
     "pybind11": {
       "baseline": "2.12.0",
-      "port-version": 0
+      "port-version": 1
     },
     "pystring": {
       "baseline": "1.1.4",
@@ -7066,7 +7066,7 @@
     },
     "python3": {
       "baseline": "3.11.8",
-      "port-version": 1
+      "port-version": 2
     },
     "qca": {
       "baseline": "2.3.7",

versions/p-/pybind11.json

@@ -1,5 +1,10 @@
 {
   "versions": [
+    {
+      "git-tree": "4eaa1bf96bcc566f9c14e249c51eb6bf6f6da98a",
+      "version": "2.12.0",
+      "port-version": 1
+    },
     {
       "git-tree": "fdb8e4d4c69b8a217e5cfc387ec750d4143738cc",
       "version": "2.12.0",

versions/p-/python3.json

@@ -1,5 +1,10 @@
 {
   "versions": [
+    {
+      "git-tree": "24bb8d2b3db0a12a7ca7f04061f632f0e94abcc2",
+      "version": "3.11.8",
+      "port-version": 2
+    },
     {
       "git-tree": "fe70d9080f1c1254ec0495eb74f1d0a5c4b747f7",
       "version": "3.11.8",