[docs] document 'version' command 📃⚡🚀 (#27509)

* document version command

* fixed a format mistake in common-options.md why not

* Fixed some wording

docs/commands/common-options.md

@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ In [Manifest Mode](../users/manifests.md), defaults to `vcpkg_installed/` under
 
 <a name="manifest-root"></a>
 
-### `--x-manifest-root=<path>`
+## `--x-manifest-root=<path>`
 
 **Experimental: will change or be removed at any time**
 

docs/commands/version.md

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+# vcpkg version
+
+**The latest version of this documentation is available on [GitHub](https://github.com/Microsoft/vcpkg/tree/master/docs/commands/version.md).**
+
+## Synopsis
+
+```no-highlight
+vcpkg version
+```
+
+## Description
+
+Displays the version of the vcpkg executable.
+
+## Example
+```no-highlight
+$ vcpkg version
+vcpkg package management program version 2022-09-01-dfb82802c8cc562ce3b665a904a65b22314de724
+
+See LICENSE.txt for license information.
+```
+
+## Options
+
+All vcpkg commands support a set of [common options](common-options.md).