diff --git a/examples/ppgen.cpp b/examples/ppgen.cpp
index 58b43222..d865f4e8 100644
--- a/examples/ppgen.cpp
+++ b/examples/ppgen.cpp
@@ -48,17 +48,17 @@ SQLPP_DECLARE_TABLE(
 SQLPP_DECLARE_TABLE(
 	(tab_person)
 	,
-	(id     , int         , SQLPP_AUTO_INCREMENT)
-	(name   , varchar(255), SQLPP_NOT_NULL      )
-	(feature, int         , SQLPP_NOT_NULL      )
+	(id     , int         , SQLPP_PRIMARY_KEY)
+	(name   , varchar(255), SQLPP_NOT_NULL   )
+	(feature, int         , SQLPP_NOT_NULL   )
 )
 
 SQLPP_DECLARE_TABLE(
 	(tab_feature)
 	,
-	(id   , int         , SQLPP_AUTO_INCREMENT)
-	(name , varchar(255), SQLPP_NULL          )
-	(fatal, bool        , SQLPP_NOT_NULL      )
+	(id   , int         , SQLPP_PRIMARY_KEY)
+	(name , varchar(255), SQLPP_NULL       )
+	(fatal, bool        , SQLPP_NOT_NULL   )
 )
 
 int main()
diff --git a/include/sqlpp11/ppgen.h b/include/sqlpp11/ppgen.h
index 50141bc1..0e950bc6 100644
--- a/include/sqlpp11/ppgen.h
+++ b/include/sqlpp11/ppgen.h
@@ -35,6 +35,19 @@
 #	define BOOST_PP_VARIADICS 1
 #endif // defined(__clang__)
 
+// boost.preprocessor
+#include <boost/preprocessor/cat.hpp>
+#include <boost/preprocessor/facilities/expand.hpp>
+#include <boost/preprocessor/punctuation/comma_if.hpp>
+#include <boost/preprocessor/comparison/less.hpp>
+#include <boost/preprocessor/arithmetic/add.hpp>
+#include <boost/preprocessor/seq/for_each.hpp>
+#include <boost/preprocessor/seq/for_each_i.hpp>
+#include <boost/preprocessor/stringize.hpp>
+#include <boost/preprocessor/tuple/elem.hpp>
+#include <boost/preprocessor/tuple/size.hpp>
+#include <boost/preprocessor/tuple/to_seq.hpp>
+
 // tools
 #include <sqlpp11/ppgen/tools/wrap_seq.h>
 #include <sqlpp11/ppgen/tools/tuple_pop_front.h>
@@ -51,6 +64,7 @@
 #include <sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/datetime.h>
 #include <sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/default.h>
 #include <sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/floating_point.h>
+#include <sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/foreign_key.h>
 #include <sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/index.h>
 #include <sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/integer.h>
 #include <sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/not_null.h>
@@ -58,22 +72,9 @@
 #include <sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/primary_key.h>
 #include <sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/text.h>
 #include <sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/timestamp.h>
-#include <sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/unique.h>
+#include <sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/unique_index.h>
 #include <sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/varchar.h>
 
-// boost.preprocessor
-#include <boost/preprocessor/cat.hpp>
-#include <boost/preprocessor/facilities/expand.hpp>
-#include <boost/preprocessor/punctuation/comma_if.hpp>
-#include <boost/preprocessor/comparison/less.hpp>
-#include <boost/preprocessor/arithmetic/add.hpp>
-#include <boost/preprocessor/seq/for_each.hpp>
-#include <boost/preprocessor/seq/for_each_i.hpp>
-#include <boost/preprocessor/stringize.hpp>
-#include <boost/preprocessor/tuple/elem.hpp>
-#include <boost/preprocessor/tuple/size.hpp>
-#include <boost/preprocessor/tuple/to_seq.hpp>
-
 /***************************************************************************/
 // tools
 
diff --git a/include/sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/auto_increment.h b/include/sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/auto_increment.h
index 7f88a5ec..1e7ae2bc 100644
--- a/include/sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/auto_increment.h
+++ b/include/sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/auto_increment.h
@@ -30,6 +30,6 @@
 #define SQLPP_DECLARE_COLUMN_GET_TRAITS_LAZY_SQLPP_AUTO_INCREMENT \
 	PROC_SQLPP_AUTO_INCREMENT
 #define SQLPP_DECLARE_COLUMN_GEN_TRAITS_PROC_SQLPP_AUTO_INCREMENT(...) \
-	sqlpp::tag::must_not_update
+	::sqlpp::tag::must_not_update
 
 #endif // _sqlpp__ppgen__colops__auto_increment_h
diff --git a/include/sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/blob.h b/include/sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/blob.h
index 26c124e6..f387cbbe 100644
--- a/include/sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/blob.h
+++ b/include/sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/blob.h
@@ -30,21 +30,21 @@
 #define SQLPP_DECLARE_COLUMN_GET_TRAITS_LAZY_tinyblob \
 	PROC_tinyblob
 #define SQLPP_DECLARE_COLUMN_GEN_TRAITS_PROC_tinyblob(...) \
-	sqlpp::blob
+	::sqlpp::blob
 
 #define SQLPP_DECLARE_COLUMN_GET_TRAITS_LAZY_blob \
 	PROC_blob
 #define SQLPP_DECLARE_COLUMN_GEN_TRAITS_PROC_blob(...) \
-	sqlpp::blob
+	::sqlpp::blob
 
 #define SQLPP_DECLARE_COLUMN_GET_TRAITS_LAZY_mediumblob \
 	PROC_mediumblob
 #define SQLPP_DECLARE_COLUMN_GEN_TRAITS_PROC_mediumblob(...) \
-	sqlpp::blob
+	::sqlpp::blob
 
 #define SQLPP_DECLARE_COLUMN_GET_TRAITS_LAZY_longblob \
 	PROC_longblob
 #define SQLPP_DECLARE_COLUMN_GEN_TRAITS_PROC_longblob(...) \
-	sqlpp::blob
+	::sqlpp::blob
 
 #endif // _sqlpp__ppgen__colops__blob_h
diff --git a/include/sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/bool.h b/include/sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/bool.h
index 08521bd3..a3db1f92 100644
--- a/include/sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/bool.h
+++ b/include/sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/bool.h
@@ -30,6 +30,6 @@
 #define SQLPP_DECLARE_COLUMN_GET_TRAITS_LAZY_bool \
 	PROC_bool
 #define SQLPP_DECLARE_COLUMN_GEN_TRAITS_PROC_bool(...) \
-	sqlpp::boolean
+	::sqlpp::boolean
 
 #endif // _sqlpp__ppgen__colops__bool_h
diff --git a/include/sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/comment.h b/include/sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/comment.h
index f019b732..d0757d73 100644
--- a/include/sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/comment.h
+++ b/include/sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/comment.h
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
 #ifndef _sqlpp__ppgen__colops__comment_h
 #define _sqlpp__ppgen__colops__comment_h
 
-#define SQLPP_DECLARE_COLUMN_GET_TRAITS_LAZY_SQLPP_COMMENT(str) \
+#define SQLPP_DECLARE_COLUMN_GET_TRAITS_LAZY_SQLPP_COMMENT \
 	PROC_SQLPP_COMMENT
 #define SQLPP_DECLARE_COLUMN_GEN_TRAITS_PROC_SQLPP_COMMENT(str) \
 	[COMMENT is not implemented]
diff --git a/include/sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/default.h b/include/sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/default.h
index b7fbdeeb..b353651f 100644
--- a/include/sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/default.h
+++ b/include/sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/default.h
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
 #ifndef _sqlpp__ppgen__colops__default_h
 #define _sqlpp__ppgen__colops__default_h
 
-#define SQLPP_DECLARE_COLUMN_GET_TRAITS_LAZY_SQLPP_DEFAULT(value) \
+#define SQLPP_DECLARE_COLUMN_GET_TRAITS_LAZY_SQLPP_DEFAULT \
 	PROC_SQLPP_DEFAULT
 #define SQLPP_DECLARE_COLUMN_GEN_TRAITS_PROC_SQLPP_DEFAULT(...) \
 	[DEFAULT is not implemented]
diff --git a/include/sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/floating_point.h b/include/sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/floating_point.h
index ea25560c..6b1dd018 100644
--- a/include/sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/floating_point.h
+++ b/include/sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/floating_point.h
@@ -30,11 +30,11 @@
 #define SQLPP_DECLARE_COLUMN_GET_TRAITS_LAZY_float \
 	PROC_float
 #define SQLPP_DECLARE_COLUMN_GEN_TRAITS_PROC_float(...) \
-	sqlpp::floating_point
+	::sqlpp::floating_point
 
 #define SQLPP_DECLARE_COLUMN_GET_TRAITS_LAZY_double \
 	PROC_double
 #define SQLPP_DECLARE_COLUMN_GEN_TRAITS_PROC_double(...) \
-	sqlpp::floating_point
+	::sqlpp::floating_point
 
 #endif // _sqlpp__ppgen__colops__floating_point_h
diff --git a/include/sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/unique.h b/include/sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/foreign_key.h
similarity index 79%
rename from include/sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/unique.h
rename to include/sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/foreign_key.h
index 34b43792..33147fe8 100644
--- a/include/sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/unique.h
+++ b/include/sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/foreign_key.h
@@ -24,12 +24,12 @@
  * SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
  */
 
-#ifndef _sqlpp__ppgen__colops__unique_h
-#define _sqlpp__ppgen__colops__unique_h
+#ifndef _sqlpp__ppgen__colops__foreign_key_h
+#define _sqlpp__ppgen__colops__foreign_key_h
 
-#define SQLPP_DECLARE_COLUMN_GET_TRAITS_LAZY_SQLPP_UNIQUE \
-	PROC_SQLPP_UNIQUE
-#define SQLPP_DECLARE_COLUMN_GEN_TRAITS_PROC_SQLPP_UNIQUE(...) \
-	[UNIQUE is not implemented]
+#define SQLPP_DECLARE_COLUMN_GET_TRAITS_LAZY_SQLPP_FOREIGN_KEY \
+	PROC_SQLPP_FOREIGN_KEY
+#define SQLPP_DECLARE_COLUMN_GEN_TRAITS_PROC_SQLPP_FOREIGN_KEY(keyname, tblname, colname) \
+	[FOREIGN KEY is not implemented]
 
-#endif // _sqlpp__ppgen__colops__unique_h
+#endif // _sqlpp__ppgen__colops__foreign_key_h
diff --git a/include/sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/index.h b/include/sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/index.h
index 37a1fee1..a5344f43 100644
--- a/include/sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/index.h
+++ b/include/sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/index.h
@@ -27,9 +27,9 @@
 #ifndef _sqlpp__ppgen__colops__index_h
 #define _sqlpp__ppgen__colops__index_h
 
-#define SQLPP_DECLARE_COLUMN_GET_TRAITS_LAZY_SQLPP_INDEX(name) \
+#define SQLPP_DECLARE_COLUMN_GET_TRAITS_LAZY_SQLPP_INDEX \
 	PROC_SQLPP_INDEX
-#define SQLPP_DECLARE_COLUMN_GEN_TRAITS_PROC_SQLPP_INDEX(name) \
+#define SQLPP_DECLARE_COLUMN_GEN_TRAITS_PROC_SQLPP_INDEX(indexname, tblname, /* cols */ ...) \
 	[INDEX is not implemented]
 
 #endif // _sqlpp__ppgen__colops__index_h
diff --git a/include/sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/integer.h b/include/sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/integer.h
index d913e441..e79a9860 100644
--- a/include/sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/integer.h
+++ b/include/sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/integer.h
@@ -30,21 +30,21 @@
 #define SQLPP_DECLARE_COLUMN_GET_TRAITS_LAZY_tinyint \
 	PROC_tinyint
 #define SQLPP_DECLARE_COLUMN_GEN_TRAITS_PROC_tinyint(...) \
-	sqlpp::tinyint
+	::sqlpp::tinyint
 
 #define SQLPP_DECLARE_COLUMN_GET_TRAITS_LAZY_smallint \
 	PROC_smallint
 #define SQLPP_DECLARE_COLUMN_GEN_TRAITS_PROC_smallint(...) \
-	sqlpp::smallint
+	::sqlpp::smallint
 
 #define SQLPP_DECLARE_COLUMN_GET_TRAITS_LAZY_int \
 	PROC_int
 #define SQLPP_DECLARE_COLUMN_GEN_TRAITS_PROC_int(...) \
-	sqlpp::integer
+	::sqlpp::integer
 
 #define SQLPP_DECLARE_COLUMN_GET_TRAITS_LAZY_bigint \
 	PROC_bigint
 #define SQLPP_DECLARE_COLUMN_GEN_TRAITS_PROC_bigint(...) \
-	sqlpp::bigint
+	::sqlpp::bigint
 
 #endif // _sqlpp__ppgen__colops__integer_h
diff --git a/include/sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/not_null.h b/include/sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/not_null.h
index 0a2b029e..7a3059b0 100644
--- a/include/sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/not_null.h
+++ b/include/sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/not_null.h
@@ -30,6 +30,6 @@
 #define SQLPP_DECLARE_COLUMN_GET_TRAITS_LAZY_SQLPP_NOT_NULL \
 	PROC_SQLPP_NOT_NULL
 #define SQLPP_DECLARE_COLUMN_GEN_TRAITS_PROC_SQLPP_NOT_NULL(...) \
-	sqlpp::tag::require_insert
+	::sqlpp::tag::require_insert
 
 #endif // _sqlpp__ppgen__colops__not_null_h
diff --git a/include/sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/null.h b/include/sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/null.h
index bd7d33d6..dcb8aef2 100644
--- a/include/sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/null.h
+++ b/include/sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/null.h
@@ -30,6 +30,6 @@
 #define SQLPP_DECLARE_COLUMN_GET_TRAITS_LAZY_SQLPP_NULL \
 	PROC_SQLPP_NULL
 #define SQLPP_DECLARE_COLUMN_GEN_TRAITS_PROC_SQLPP_NULL(...) \
-	sqlpp::tag::can_be_null
+	::sqlpp::tag::can_be_null
 
 #endif // _sqlpp__ppgen__colops__null_h
diff --git a/include/sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/primary_key.h b/include/sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/primary_key.h
index 916f752b..ec356a7c 100644
--- a/include/sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/primary_key.h
+++ b/include/sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/primary_key.h
@@ -30,6 +30,6 @@
 #define SQLPP_DECLARE_COLUMN_GET_TRAITS_LAZY_SQLPP_PRIMARY_KEY \
 	PROC_SQLPP_PRIMARY_KEY
 #define SQLPP_DECLARE_COLUMN_GEN_TRAITS_PROC_SQLPP_PRIMARY_KEY(...) \
-	[PRIMARY_KEY is not implemented]
+	::sqlpp::tag::must_not_insert, ::sqlpp::tag::must_not_update
 
 #endif // _sqlpp__ppgen__colops__primary_key_h
diff --git a/include/sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/text.h b/include/sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/text.h
index 7329a986..5278ea01 100644
--- a/include/sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/text.h
+++ b/include/sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/text.h
@@ -30,6 +30,6 @@
 #define SQLPP_DECLARE_COLUMN_GET_TRAITS_LAZY_text \
 	PROC_text
 #define SQLPP_DECLARE_COLUMN_GEN_TRAITS_PROC_text(...) \
-	sqlpp::text
+	::sqlpp::text
 
 #endif // _sqlpp__ppgen__colops__text_h
diff --git a/include/sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/key.h b/include/sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/unique_index.h
similarity index 79%
rename from include/sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/key.h
rename to include/sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/unique_index.h
index 1791c30c..3a64e521 100644
--- a/include/sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/key.h
+++ b/include/sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/unique_index.h
@@ -24,12 +24,12 @@
  * SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
  */
 
-#ifndef _sqlpp__ppgen__colops__key_h
-#define _sqlpp__ppgen__colops__key_h
+#ifndef _sqlpp__ppgen__colops__unique_index_h
+#define _sqlpp__ppgen__colops__unique_index_h
 
-#define SQLPP_DECLARE_COLUMN_GET_TRAITS_LAZY_SQLPP_KEY(name) \
-	PROC_SQLPP_KEY
-#define SQLPP_DECLARE_COLUMN_GEN_TRAITS_PROC_SQLPP_KEY(name) \
-	[KEY is not implemented]
+#define SQLPP_DECLARE_COLUMN_GET_TRAITS_LAZY_SQLPP_UNIQUE_INDEX \
+	PROC_SQLPP_UNIQUE_INDEX
+#define SQLPP_DECLARE_COLUMN_GEN_TRAITS_PROC_SQLPP_UNIQUE_INDEX(indexname, tblname, /* cols */ ...) \
+	[UNIQUE INDEX is not implemented]
 
-#endif // _sqlpp__ppgen__colops__key_h
+#endif // _sqlpp__ppgen__colops__unique_index_h
diff --git a/include/sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/varchar.h b/include/sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/varchar.h
index c4de3235..d5944a70 100644
--- a/include/sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/varchar.h
+++ b/include/sqlpp11/ppgen/colops/varchar.h
@@ -30,6 +30,6 @@
 #define SQLPP_DECLARE_COLUMN_GET_TRAITS_LAZY_varchar(str) \
 	PROC_varchar
 #define SQLPP_DECLARE_COLUMN_GEN_TRAITS_PROC_varchar(str) \
-	sqlpp::varchar
+	::sqlpp::varchar
 
 #endif // _sqlpp__ppgen__colops__varchar_h
diff --git a/include/sqlpp11/ppgen/tblops/character_set.h b/include/sqlpp11/ppgen/tblops/character_set.h
index 8b5026b2..b9f35ae4 100644
--- a/include/sqlpp11/ppgen/tblops/character_set.h
+++ b/include/sqlpp11/ppgen/tblops/character_set.h
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
 #ifndef _sqlpp__ppgen__tblops__character_set_h
 #define _sqlpp__ppgen__tblops__character_set_h
 
-#define SQLPP_DECLARE_TABLE_GET_PROC_LAZY_SQLPP_CHARACTER_SET(str) \
+#define SQLPP_DECLARE_TABLE_GET_PROC_LAZY_SQLPP_CHARACTER_SET \
 	PROC_SQLPP_CHARACTER_SET
 #define SQLPP_DECLARE_TABLE_GEN_PROC_SQLPP_CHARACTER_SET(str) \
 	[CHARACTER_SET is not implemented]
diff --git a/include/sqlpp11/ppgen/tblops/comment.h b/include/sqlpp11/ppgen/tblops/comment.h
index 6df2784b..b55c3f64 100644
--- a/include/sqlpp11/ppgen/tblops/comment.h
+++ b/include/sqlpp11/ppgen/tblops/comment.h
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
 #ifndef _sqlpp__ppgen__tblops__comment_h
 #define _sqlpp__ppgen__tblops__comment_h
 
-#define SQLPP_DECLARE_TABLE_GET_TRAITS_LAZY_SQLPP_COMMENT(str) \
+#define SQLPP_DECLARE_TABLE_GET_TRAITS_LAZY_SQLPP_COMMENT \
 	PROC_SQLPP_COMMENT
 #define SQLPP_DECLARE_TABLE_GEN_TRAITS_PROC_SQLPP_COMMENT(str) \
 	[COMMENT is not implemented]
diff --git a/include/sqlpp11/ppgen/tblops/default.h b/include/sqlpp11/ppgen/tblops/default.h
index 7e70bf8f..d9f4d56b 100644
--- a/include/sqlpp11/ppgen/tblops/default.h
+++ b/include/sqlpp11/ppgen/tblops/default.h
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
 #ifndef _sqlpp__ppgen__tblops__default_h
 #define _sqlpp__ppgen__tblops__default_h
 
-#define SQLPP_DECLARE_TABLE_GET_TRAITS_LAZY_SQLPP_DEFAULT(value) \
+#define SQLPP_DECLARE_TABLE_GET_TRAITS_LAZY_SQLPP_DEFAULT \
 	PROC_SQLPP_DEFAULT
 #define SQLPP_DECLARE_TABLE_GEN_TRAITS_PROC_SQLPP_DEFAULT(...) \
 	[DEFAULT is not implemented]
diff --git a/include/sqlpp11/ppgen/tblops/engine.h b/include/sqlpp11/ppgen/tblops/engine.h
index 24b2e8aa..38892dea 100644
--- a/include/sqlpp11/ppgen/tblops/engine.h
+++ b/include/sqlpp11/ppgen/tblops/engine.h
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
 #ifndef _sqlpp__ppgen__tblops__engine_h
 #define _sqlpp__ppgen__tblops__engine_h
 
-#define SQLPP_DECLARE_TABLE_GET_PROC_LAZY_SQLPP_ENGINE(str) \
+#define SQLPP_DECLARE_TABLE_GET_PROC_LAZY_SQLPP_ENGINE \
 	PROC_SQLPP_ENGINE
 #define SQLPP_DECLARE_TABLE_GEN_PROC_SQLPP_ENGINE(str) \
 	[ENGINE is not implemented]