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The spec talks about "empty string" and other languages like C# return a zero length string and not null. This is useful because when moving from proto2's "required string" to a proto3's plain string we will be guaranteed that we never get a null pointer. The tradeoff is adding a special case to the library but avoiding a lot of null checks in the calling code. The current code is already special casing "" in pack_string.
There are two tests. "test-generated-code" is a simple test that can easily be adapted. "test-generated-code2" is a comprehensive test. -- If you have a quick problem, hack at "test-generated-code"; but i don't want that file to be too hard to navigate, so you must eventually add a test to "test-generated-code2". I appreciate additional test cases! Please submit them as issues in the tracking system, or email me. -- Here are the files involved in each test: test.proto Protobuf declarations for the simple test. test.pb-c.c Protobuf-C generated code based on test.proto test.pb-c.h Protobuf-C generated code based on test.proto test-full.proto Protobuf declarations for the exhaustive test. test-full.pb-c.c Protobuf-C generated code based on test-full.proto test-full.pb-c.h Protobuf-C generated code based on test-full.proto test-full.pb.cc Protobuf (C++) generated code based on test-full.proto test-full.pb.h Protobuf (C++) generated code based on test-full.proto generated-code/ test-generated-code.c Actual test code. test-generated-code Test executable. generated-code2/ cxx-generate-packed-data.cc C++ code to generated data to compare with C. cxx-generate-packed-data Program whichs generates data (using C++ api) test-full-cxx-output.inc Output of cxx-generate-packed-data. test-generated-code2.c Actual test code. test-generated-code2 Test executable.