libzmq/src/zmq_utils.cpp

/*
    Copyright (c) 2007-2017 Contributors as noted in the AUTHORS file

    This file is part of libzmq, the ZeroMQ core engine in C++.

    libzmq is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
    the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL) as published
    by the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
    (at your option) any later version.

    As a special exception, the Contributors give you permission to link
    this library with independent modules to produce an executable,
    regardless of the license terms of these independent modules, and to
    copy and distribute the resulting executable under terms of your choice,
    provided that you also meet, for each linked independent module, the
    terms and conditions of the license of that module. An independent
    module is a module which is not derived from or based on this library.
    If you modify this library, you must extend this exception to your
    version of the library.

    libzmq is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Lesser General Public
    License for more details.

    You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
    along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*/

#include "precompiled.hpp"

#include "macros.hpp"
#include "clock.hpp"
#include "err.hpp"
#include "thread.hpp"
#include "atomic_counter.hpp"
#include "atomic_ptr.hpp"
#include "random.hpp"
#include <assert.h>
#include <new>

#if !defined ZMQ_HAVE_WINDOWS
#include <unistd.h>
#endif

#if defined(ZMQ_USE_TWEETNACL)
#include "tweetnacl.h"
#elif defined(ZMQ_USE_LIBSODIUM)
#include "sodium.h"
#endif

void zmq_sleep (int seconds_)
{
#if defined ZMQ_HAVE_WINDOWS
    Sleep (seconds_ * 1000);
#else
    sleep (seconds_);
#endif
}

void *zmq_stopwatch_start ()
{
    uint64_t *watch = static_cast<uint64_t *> (malloc (sizeof (uint64_t)));
    alloc_assert (watch);
    *watch = zmq::clock_t::now_us ();
    return (void *) watch;
}

unsigned long zmq_stopwatch_intermediate (void *watch_)
{
    uint64_t end = zmq::clock_t::now_us ();
    uint64_t start = *static_cast<uint64_t *> (watch_);
    return static_cast<unsigned long> (end - start);
}

unsigned long zmq_stopwatch_stop (void *watch_)
{
    unsigned long res = zmq_stopwatch_intermediate (watch_);
    free (watch_);
    return res;
}

void *zmq_threadstart (zmq_thread_fn *func_, void *arg_)
{
    zmq::thread_t *thread = new (std::nothrow) zmq::thread_t;
    alloc_assert (thread);
    thread->start (func_, arg_);
    return thread;
}

void zmq_threadclose (void *thread_)
{
    zmq::thread_t *p_thread = static_cast<zmq::thread_t *> (thread_);
    p_thread->stop ();
    LIBZMQ_DELETE (p_thread);
}

//  Z85 codec, taken from 0MQ RFC project, implements RFC32 Z85 encoding

//  Maps base 256 to base 85
static char encoder[85 + 1] = {"0123456789"
                               "abcdefghij"
                               "klmnopqrst"
                               "uvwxyzABCD"
                               "EFGHIJKLMN"
                               "OPQRSTUVWX"
                               "YZ.-:+=^!/"
                               "*?&<>()[]{"
                               "}@%$#"};

//  Maps base 85 to base 256
//  We chop off lower 32 and higher 128 ranges
//  0xFF denotes invalid characters within this range
static uint8_t decoder[96] = {
  0xFF, 0x44, 0xFF, 0x54, 0x53, 0x52, 0x48, 0xFF, 0x4B, 0x4C, 0x46, 0x41,
  0xFF, 0x3F, 0x3E, 0x45, 0x00, 0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04, 0x05, 0x06, 0x07,
  0x08, 0x09, 0x40, 0xFF, 0x49, 0x42, 0x4A, 0x47, 0x51, 0x24, 0x25, 0x26,
  0x27, 0x28, 0x29, 0x2A, 0x2B, 0x2C, 0x2D, 0x2E, 0x2F, 0x30, 0x31, 0x32,
  0x33, 0x34, 0x35, 0x36, 0x37, 0x38, 0x39, 0x3A, 0x3B, 0x3C, 0x3D, 0x4D,
  0xFF, 0x4E, 0x43, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x0A, 0x0B, 0x0C, 0x0D, 0x0E, 0x0F, 0x10,
  0x11, 0x12, 0x13, 0x14, 0x15, 0x16, 0x17, 0x18, 0x19, 0x1A, 0x1B, 0x1C,
  0x1D, 0x1E, 0x1F, 0x20, 0x21, 0x22, 0x23, 0x4F, 0xFF, 0x50, 0xFF, 0xFF};

//  --------------------------------------------------------------------------
//  Encode a binary frame as a string; destination string MUST be at least
//  size * 5 / 4 bytes long plus 1 byte for the null terminator. Returns
//  dest. Size must be a multiple of 4.
//  Returns NULL and sets errno = EINVAL for invalid input.

char *zmq_z85_encode (char *dest_, const uint8_t *data_, size_t size_)
{
    if (size_ % 4 != 0) {
        errno = EINVAL;
        return NULL;
    }
    unsigned int char_nbr = 0;
    unsigned int byte_nbr = 0;
    uint32_t value = 0;
    while (byte_nbr < size_) {
        //  Accumulate value in base 256 (binary)
        value = value * 256 + data_[byte_nbr++];
        if (byte_nbr % 4 == 0) {
            //  Output value in base 85
            unsigned int divisor = 85 * 85 * 85 * 85;
            while (divisor) {
                dest_[char_nbr++] = encoder[value / divisor % 85];
                divisor /= 85;
            }
            value = 0;
        }
    }
    assert (char_nbr == size_ * 5 / 4);
    dest_[char_nbr] = 0;
    return dest_;
}


//  --------------------------------------------------------------------------
//  Decode an encoded string into a binary frame; dest must be at least
//  strlen (string) * 4 / 5 bytes long. Returns dest. strlen (string)
//  must be a multiple of 5.
//  Returns NULL and sets errno = EINVAL for invalid input.

uint8_t *zmq_z85_decode (uint8_t *dest_, const char *string_)
{
    unsigned int byte_nbr = 0;
    unsigned int char_nbr = 0;
    uint32_t value = 0;
    while (string_[char_nbr]) {
        //  Accumulate value in base 85
        if (UINT32_MAX / 85 < value) {
            //  Invalid z85 encoding, represented value exceeds 0xffffffff
            goto error_inval;
        }
        value *= 85;
        uint8_t index = string_[char_nbr++] - 32;
        if (index >= sizeof (decoder)) {
            //  Invalid z85 encoding, character outside range
            goto error_inval;
        }
        uint32_t summand = decoder[index];
        if (summand == 0xFF || summand > (UINT32_MAX - value)) {
            //  Invalid z85 encoding, invalid character or represented value exceeds 0xffffffff
            goto error_inval;
        }
        value += summand;
        if (char_nbr % 5 == 0) {
            //  Output value in base 256
            unsigned int divisor = 256 * 256 * 256;
            while (divisor) {
                dest_[byte_nbr++] = value / divisor % 256;
                divisor /= 256;
            }
            value = 0;
        }
    }
    if (char_nbr % 5 != 0) {
        goto error_inval;
    }
    assert (byte_nbr == strlen (string_) * 4 / 5);
    return dest_;

error_inval:
    errno = EINVAL;
    return NULL;
}

//  --------------------------------------------------------------------------
//  Generate a public/private keypair with tweetnacl or libsodium.
//  Generated keys will be 40 byte z85-encoded strings.
//  Returns 0 on success, -1 on failure, setting errno.
//  Sets errno = ENOTSUP in the absence of a CURVE library.

int zmq_curve_keypair (char *z85_public_key_, char *z85_secret_key_)
{
#if defined(ZMQ_HAVE_CURVE)
#if crypto_box_PUBLICKEYBYTES != 32 || crypto_box_SECRETKEYBYTES != 32
#error "CURVE encryption library not built correctly"
#endif

    uint8_t public_key[32];
    uint8_t secret_key[32];

    zmq::random_open ();

    int res = crypto_box_keypair (public_key, secret_key);
    zmq_z85_encode (z85_public_key_, public_key, 32);
    zmq_z85_encode (z85_secret_key_, secret_key, 32);

    zmq::random_close ();

    return res;
#else
    (void) z85_public_key_, (void) z85_secret_key_;
    errno = ENOTSUP;
    return -1;
#endif
}

//  --------------------------------------------------------------------------
//  Derive the public key from a private key using tweetnacl or libsodium.
//  Derived key will be 40 byte z85-encoded string.
//  Returns 0 on success, -1 on failure, setting errno.
//  Sets errno = ENOTSUP in the absence of a CURVE library.

int zmq_curve_public (char *z85_public_key_, const char *z85_secret_key_)
{
#if defined(ZMQ_HAVE_CURVE)
#if crypto_box_PUBLICKEYBYTES != 32 || crypto_box_SECRETKEYBYTES != 32
#error "CURVE encryption library not built correctly"
#endif

    uint8_t public_key[32];
    uint8_t secret_key[32];

    zmq::random_open ();

    if (zmq_z85_decode (secret_key, z85_secret_key_) == NULL)
        return -1;

    // Return codes are suppressed as none of these can actually fail.
    crypto_scalarmult_base (public_key, secret_key);
    zmq_z85_encode (z85_public_key_, public_key, 32);

    zmq::random_close ();

    return 0;
#else
    (void) z85_public_key_, (void) z85_secret_key_;
    errno = ENOTSUP;
    return -1;
#endif
}


//  --------------------------------------------------------------------------
//  Initialize a new atomic counter, which is set to zero

void *zmq_atomic_counter_new (void)
{
    zmq::atomic_counter_t *counter = new (std::nothrow) zmq::atomic_counter_t;
    alloc_assert (counter);
    return counter;
}

//  Se the value of the atomic counter

void zmq_atomic_counter_set (void *counter_, int value_)
{
    (static_cast<zmq::atomic_counter_t *> (counter_))->set (value_);
}

//  Increment the atomic counter, and return the old value

int zmq_atomic_counter_inc (void *counter_)
{
    return (static_cast<zmq::atomic_counter_t *> (counter_))->add (1);
}

//  Decrement the atomic counter and return 1 (if counter >= 1), or
//  0 if counter hit zero.

int zmq_atomic_counter_dec (void *counter_)
{
    return (static_cast<zmq::atomic_counter_t *> (counter_))->sub (1) ? 1 : 0;
}

//  Return actual value of atomic counter

int zmq_atomic_counter_value (void *counter_)
{
    return (static_cast<zmq::atomic_counter_t *> (counter_))->get ();
}

//  Destroy atomic counter, and set reference to NULL

void zmq_atomic_counter_destroy (void **counter_p_)
{
    delete (static_cast<zmq::atomic_counter_t *> (*counter_p_));
    *counter_p_ = NULL;
}